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$B   tot.    SOD 


m  MEMDRIAJA 
Alb in  Putzker 


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COLLOaUIAL  GERJvil^W 


51  irilUUnnlt  in  CniiDBrsatinii 


FOR    SCHOOL    CLASSES    OR    SELF-INSTRUCTION,    WITH    A 
VOCABULARY   AND  A  SUMMARY  OF  GRAMMAR 


BY 

THOMAS    BERTRAND    BRONSON,   a/m. 


MICHIGAN    MILITARY    ACADKMV 


NEW  YORK 
HENRY  HOLT  AND  COMPANY 

F.    W.    CHRISTERN 
BOSTON  :    CARL   SCHOENHOF 


Copyright,  1891, 

BY 

HENRY   HOLT  &  CO. 


PREFACE. 


T^HE  object  in  publishing  this  little  book  is  to 
offer  in  convenient  form  a  short  course  in 
German  composition  and  conversation.  The  vo- 
cabulary contains  many  words  of  everyday  use  not 
found  in  most  works  of  this  kind.  The  Summary 
of  Grammar  will  be  useful  especially  for  reviews 
in  elementary  classes,  and  in  many  cases,  if  prop- 
erly supplemented  by  the  teacher  with  examples 
and  explanations,  may  take  the  place  of  a  gram- 
mar. The  orthography  used  is  the  system  taught 
in  the  Prussian  schools,  according  to  the  „9iegeln 
unb  2Bortert)er5eid^ni§  fiir  bie  beutjd^c  SRed^lfd^reibung 
jum  (Sebraud^  in  ben  preu^ifd^en  ©d^ulen." 

Michigan  Military  Academy,  June,  1891. 


567254 


CONTENTS. 


PAGE. 

EXERCISES  I-XU 1-40 

•     Miscellaneous,  Exercises  I-X 1-  8 

Time,  Exercise  XI 9 

Weather,  Exercise  XII 9 

Age,  etc.,  Exercise  XIII 10 

Travel,  Exercises  XIV-XLI 11-40 

Steamer,  Exercise  XIV 11 

Customhouse,  Exercise  XV 13 

R.  R.  Station,  Baggage,  Exercise  XVI 14 

Traveling  by  Rail,  Exercises  XVII-XIX 15-17 

Hotel,  Exercise  XX 18 

Trains,  Exercise  XXI 19 

Omnibus,  Street  Cars,  Exercise  XXII 21 

Boarding  House,  Exercise  XXIII 22 

Calling ;  Breakfast,  Exercise  XXIV 23 

Fruits;  Sight-seeing,  Exercise  XXV 24 

Post  Office,  Exercise  XXVI 25 

Letter-writing,  Exercise  XXVH 26 

Dinner,  Exercise  XXVIII 27 

Restaurant,  Supper,  Exercise  XXIX 28 

Meats,  Vegetables,  Ices ;  Newspapers,  Exercise  XXX    29 

Telegraph,  Telephone,  Exercise  XXXI 30 

Bank,  Exercise  XXXII 30 

On  'Change ;  Jeweler,  Exercise  XXXIH 31 

Tailor,  Shoemaker,  Exercise  XXXIV 32 

Laundress;  Bathing;  Physician;  Barber,  Exercise 

XXXV 33 

Walking,  Driving,  Exercise  XXXVI 34 

Theater,  Exercises  XXXVII-XXIX 35-37 

Opera,  Concert,  Ball;  University,  Exercise  XL....     38 
Shopping ;  Departure ;  Bill,  Exercise  XLI 39 


vi  CONTENTS. 

PAGE. 

NOTES 41-43 

VOCABULARY 44-78 

IRREGULAR  VERBS,   A  List  of 79-81 

SUMMARY  OF  GRAMMAR 85-143 

Alphabet  and  Pronunciation 85-  87 

Modified  Vowels 87 

Diphthongs 87 

Compound  Consonants 87 

Accent 88 

Declension 88 

Definite  Article 89 

Indefinite  Article 89 

Nouns 90 

Gender 94 

Proper  Names,  Declension  of 95 

Adjectives 95 

Comparison 98 

Pronouns 99-102 

Personal  Pronouns 99 

Possessives 100 

Demonstratives 100 

Interrogatives 101 

Relatives - 101 

Numerals. 102 

Verbs 103-133 

^aben 104-107 

@eln 107-110 

SBerben 110-113 

Rules  for  the  Formation  of  Compound  Tenses  and 

Passive  Voice 113 

Regular  and  Irregular  Verbs 114 

Regular  Verb,  Conjugation  of  a 115-120 

Irregular  Verb,  Conjugation  of  an 120-122 

Compound  Verbs 122 

Separable  Verb,  A. 123 

Inseparable  Verb,  An 124 


CONTENTS.  vii 

PAGE. 

Modal  Auxiliaries 125-133 

2)urf  en 125 

^onncn 126 

Tlmn 128 

aWiiffen 129 

©ottcn 130 

SoUcn 131 

Prepositions 133-134 

Order  of  Words 135-137 

Cases 138-139 

Nominative 138 

Genitive 138 

Dative 138 

Accusative 139 

Conjugation,  Remarks  on 140-143 

Tenses 140 

Subjunctive 140 

Infinitive 141 

Participles 142 

Consonants,  Correspondence  of 143 

INDEX  to  Simmiary  of  Grammar 145 


COLLOQUIAL  GERMAN. 


EXERCISE  I. 

1.  That  is  true.  2.  That  is  so.  3.  I  believe  it. 
4.  I  say,  yes.  5.  He  says,  no.  6.  I  know  him. 
7.  I  am  wrong.  8.  We  think  so.  9.  That  is  well. 
10.  It  is  late.  11.  You  are  tired.  12.  I  am  thirsty. 
13.  He  is  hungry.  14.  They  are  sleepy.  15.  He  is 
cold.  16.  She  is  warm.  17.  I  am  doing  nothing. 
18.  We  say  nothing.  19.  We  wish  nothing.  20. 
Who  is  it?  21..  Who  is  knocking?  22.  Who  is 
calling  me  ?  23,  Where  are  you  ?  24.  Where  am  I  ? 
25.  Where  is  he?  26.  What  is  he  doing?  27.  What 
are  you  doing?  28.  What  do  you  wish?  29.  What 
are  they  doing?  30.  What  is  she  doing?  31.  Where 
are  you  going?  32.  Where  is  she  going?  33.  What 
do  you  say?  34.  Did  you  hear?  35.  I  heard.  36. 
Do  you  wish  some  bread?  37.  She  wishes  some 
water.  38.  Come  here.  39.  Come  nearer.  40. 
Make  haste.  41.  Begin.  42.  Continue.  43.  Stop! 
Take  care!  44.  Not  so  fast.  45.  Go  quickly.  46. 
Be  quiet.  47.  Go  away.  48.  Speak  with  him. 
49.  Do  not  believe  him.  50.  Tell  him  so.  51.  Go 
to  bed.  52.  Clean  these  clothes.  53.  Have  the 
horses  hitched  up.  54.  Eat  and  drink.  55,  Go  into 
the  house, 


.•^ :  :  . :  ; ; :  .  •  •; ;  iCOULCyQtn'AL  German. 

EXERCISE  n. 

1.  Open  the  door.  2.  Close  the  window.  3. 
Listen  to  me.  4.  Look  at  it.  5.  Whither  do  you 
wish  to  go  ?  6.  It  is  time  to  depart.  7.  Is  the  car- 
riage there?  8.  The  horses  are  there,  too.  9.  Did 
you  understand  me?  10.  Here  I  am.  11.  Where 
are  you?  12.  She  was  here.  13.  They  were  here, 
too.  14.  It  is  I.  15.  It  is  he.  16.  It  is  they.  17. 
He  was  never  there,  nor  I  either.  18.  Are  those 
your  parents?  19.  Yes,  they  are.  20.  Wait  here  a 
moment,  I  will  be  back  immediately.  21.  Who  is 
there  ?  22.  It  is  we.  23.  I  do  not  know  what  is  to 
be  done.  24.  It  is  all  the  same  to  me  what  you  do. 
25.  Learn  your  lesson.  26.  All  right,  if  it  is  nothing 
more.  27.  That  is  a  different  thing\  28.  Yesterday 
I  was  at  his  house^.  29.  Have  you  seen  him?  30. 
No,  he  was  not  at  home,  but  he  returned  later. 
31.  It  is  still  early,  is  it  not'?  32.  What  is*  it? 
33.  What  is  the  news?  34.  That  is  my  affair,  not 
yours.  35.  He  has  not  been  there  yet.  36.  I  have 
been'  here  now  exactly  three  days.  37.  You  have 
been  in  Berlin,  have  you  not?  38.  I  was  there  last 
year.  39.  Who  is  that  man  ?  40.  He  is  a  friend  of 
mine®. 

EXERCISE  m. 

1.  What  is  the  matter  with  you,  pray?  2.  How 
are  you^?  3.  How  is  he^?  4.  He  is  not  very  well. 
5.  We  shall  have  a  fine  day.  6.  I  was  at'  my  uncle's. 
7.  I  was  there  in  his  absence.  8.  He  was  not  then 
present,  and  he  is  now  absent,     9,  He  is  hungry  and 


COLLOQUIAL  GERMAN.  3 

thirsty,  and  I  am  cold.  10.  I  may  be  right  or  wrong, 
but  it  is  all  the  same  to  me.  11.  I  should  like  to 
have  more  money,  for  that  is  my  entire  possession. 
12.  When  he  had  great  wealth,  he  had  also  many 
friends.  13.  Will  you  be  so  kind  as  to  give  me  that? 
14.  He  had  his  coat  on  and  his  hat  off.  15.  We 
would  rather  remain.  16.  Do  you  wish  me  to*  open 
the  window?  17.  Will  you  please  close  the  door? 
18.  He  has  his  own  horses  and  drives  every  day  in  his 
carriage.  19.  To  whom  does  that  house  belong? 
20.  It  belongs  to  an  insurance  company.  21.  We 
shall  have  a  storm,  let  us  go  home.  22.  Where  is 
my  silk  hat  ? 

EXERCISE  IV. 

1.  What  time  is  it?  2.  Is  dinner  ready?  3.  Is 
supper  ready?  4.  Do  you  wish  to  breakfast  ?  5.  Do 
you  wish  milk  in  your  coffee^?  6.  Will  you  have  a 
cup  of  chocolate?  7.  Will  you  come  with  me?  8. 
When  shall  we  start?  9.  Are'^  we  to  go  with  them? 
10.  I  do  not  think  so.  11.  Speak  not  a  word.  12. 
He  is  not  at  home.  13.  There  is  no  one  there. 
14.  The  table  is  not  spread.  15.  The  meal  is  not  yet 
ready.  16.  Breakfast  is  served.  17.  The  carriage 
has  arrived.  18.  We  must  stop.  19.  He  has  gone 
to  bed.  20.  I  am  dressed.  21.  We  went  out  early 
and  returned  late.  22.  I  am  convinced  of  it.  23.  I 
know  it,  surely.  24.  It  is  she  herself.  25.  The 
horses  are  hitched  up.  26.  The  carriage  is  ready. 
27.  It  is  still  very  early.  28.  We  have  dined.  29. 
He  lies  yet  in  bed.  30.  I  never  eat  meat  at  evening. 
31,  In  the  morning  I  drink  only  coffee,     32.  At  what 


4  COLLOQUIAL  GERMAN. 

time  does  the  stagecoach  start?  33.  At  half  past 
three.  34.  Have  you  been  at  the  post  office?  35. 
No,  I  was  in  the  market  hall.  36.  Have  you  any 
letters  for  me?  37.  There  were  none  there.  38. 
What  does  that  cost?  39.  Three  marks  and  a  half. 
40.  Let  us  take  a  walk  in  the  garden.  41.  Give  me 
a  glass  of  water.  42.  Beer  is  not  so  good  as  water. 
43.  Do  what  I  tell  you. 

EXERCISE  V. 

1.  What  is'  "city"  in'  German?  2.  What  does 
that  mean  in  German?  3.  You  did  not  understand 
me?  4.  Yes,  indeed^  5.  My  dear  friend,  you  speak 
too  rapidly.  6.  What  did  you  say?  7.  Speak  more 
slowly,  if  you  wish  me*  to  understand  you.  8.  May  I 
ask  you  to  visit  me?  9.  Would  you  be  so  kind  as  to 
tell  me  whether  your  father  is  at  home  ?  10.  I  mis- 
understood  you.     11.  Please   repeat   your   question. 

12.  I  asked  whether  I  should  come  again  to-morrow. 

13.  I  addressed  that  question  to  you.  14.  I  cannot 
tell  you.  15.  Answer  my  question.  16.  I  am  wait- 
ing for  your  reply.  17.  I  shall  not  answer.  18.  Do 
you  speak  German,  and  do  you  understand  English? 
19.  Yes,  but  it  gives^  me  much  trouble  to  speak 
French.  20.  You  speak  already  quite  fluently.  21. 
Excuse  me,  you  are  mistaken.  22.  The  want  of  prac- 
tice is  the  cause®  that  you  do  not  speak  more  fluently. 
23.  Yes,  but  I  understand  better  than  I  speak.  24. 
You  do  not  pronounce  badly.  25.  You  have  a  good 
accent.  26.  You  do  not  pronounce  distinctly  enough. 
27.    Do   not  use  that  word.      28.    That  expression 


COLLOQUIAL  GERMAN.  g 

belongs  to  the  language  of  familiar  conversation.  29. 
That  word  is  no  longer  in  use,  it  is  obsolete.  30. 
Listen  to  me,  and  have  the  kindness  to  correct  me 
when  I  make  mistakes.  31.  I  have  heard  that  he  has 
gone  away.  32.  You  have  been  imposed  upon,  that 
is  quite  plain. 

EXERCISE  VI. 

1.  I  have  a  great  mind  to  go  to  town.  2.  He  had 
a  salary  of  a  thousand  dollars  a  year.  3.  Ho, 
Charles!  Are  you  not  up  yet?  4.  Arise  immedi- 
ately; it  is  already  late,  and  the  sun  is^  high  in  the 
heavens.  5.  Go  to  Henry's  bedroom,  perhaps  he 
is  still  asleep.  6.  I  do  not  think  so,  but  I  will  call 
him.  7.  How  late  is  it,  then  ?  8.  Is  it  seven  o'clock 
yet^?  9.  The  sun  rose  two  hours  ago,  and  you  are 
not  yet  up.  10.  I  should  like  stilP  to  lie  a  little. 
11.  I  have  not  yet  had  my  sleep  out.  12.  You  can 
go  to  bed  very  early  to-night.  13.  Open  the  window 
and  let  the  fresh  morning  air  come  through  the  cur- 
tains into  the  room.  14.  I  will  put  on  my  shoes  and 
my  coat,  then  we  can  go  down  immediately.  15. 
Breakfast  is  ready,  the  bell  has  rung*.  16.  I  cannot 
lace  my  shoes,  and  I  can't  button  my  coat.  17.  Well, 
I  can  wait  for  you  no  longer ;  probably  the  breakfast 
is''  already  on  the  table.  18.  All  right,  go  on^  I 
will  be  there  immediately.  19.  Well,  we  have  break- 
fasted; now  we  will  take  a  walk.  20.  Not  I;  I  have 
no  desire  to  do  so\  21.  O  yes!  Come  along;  you 
will  enjoy  yourself  much,  22,  No,  I  prefer  to  remain 
at  home, 


6  COLLOQUIAL  GERMAN. 

EXERCISE  Vn. 

1.  It  is  growing  dark.  2.  Get  ready  to  go  out. 
3.  I  cannot  pull  my  boots  on.  4.  It  is  time  to  rise. 
5.  You  must  learn  it  by  heart.  6.  He  stepped  into 
the  carriage.  7.  I  received  your  letter  to-day. 
8.  Your  letter  was  duly  received.  9.  We  were  in 
the  reception  room.  10.  I  could  not  rise.  11.  He 
earns  ten  marks  a  week,  but  on  Saturday  night  he  has 
nothing  left.  12.  I  cannot  reach  it.  13.  As  soon  as 
we  reach  the  place,  we  will  visit  him.  14.  You  de- 
serve punishment.  15.  Does  this  deserve  reward  ? 
16.  I  have  earned  all  honestly.  17.  I  know  well 
what  I  wish  to  say.  18.  I  have  heard  all  that  before. 
19.  You  do  not  understand  me  rightly.  20.  It  was 
only  a  misunderstanding.  21.  I  believe  you.  22.  I 
think  that  you  are  right.  I  think  that  you  are  wrong. 
23.  I  think  that  you  are  not  right.  24.  I  may  be 
mistaken,  but  I  think  the  case  has  two  sides.  25.  I 
fear  that  you  are  mistaken.  26.  I  assure  you,  you 
are  in  error.  27.  I  beg  your  pardon.  28.  I  am 
right,  and  you  are  wrong. 

EXERCISE  Vm. 

1.  I  wished  to  consult  with  my  father.  2.  The 
Swiss  costume  is  very  pretty.  3.  Do  not  remain 
standing  on  the  platform.  4.  They  pointed  their 
fingers  at  him\  5.  Make  room  for  me.  6.  I  spent 
many  an  hour  in  Rome.  7.  He  had  to  see  her  and 
speak  with  her.  8.  Sit  down  by  me.  9.  Sit  a  little 
farther  off.  10.  A  balloon  is  not  always  manage- 
able.     11,    You    are    a   fine  specimen!      12.    Please 


COLLOQUIAL  GERIVL^N.  7 

give  me  a  sample  of  this  cloth.  13.  He  separated 
soon  from  his  friend.  14.  I  saw  all  that  before- 
hand. 15.  Allow  me  a  question.  16.  He  has  taken 
up  his  residence  in  Detroit.  17.  I  can  assure  you 
of  that.  18.  The  cashier  has  absconded  with  much 
money.  19.  He  is  in  arrest.  20.  He  has  spent  six 
years  in  prison.  21.  Whom  have  I  the  honor  to  an- 
nounce? 22.  Professor  M.  He  is  from  Michigan, 
and  is  a  professor  in  the  university  at  Ann  Arbor. 
23.  I  am  glad  to  make  your  acquaintance.  24.  I 
rejoice  at  the  thought  of  ^  a  ride  through  this  beauti- 
ful country.  25.  There  is  no  art  store  in  this  city, 
26.  Such  a  thing  does  not  exist  here. 

EXERCISE  IX. 

1.  Arm  in  arm  both  went  towards  the  house. 
2.  They  felt  that  they  had  acted  rightly.  3.  I  am 
so  accustomed  to  it.  4.  The  rich,  beautiful  maiden 
attracted  the  aristocratic  lady.  5.  He  was  angry 
with  his  mother.  6.  She  had  made  her  appear- 
ance in  public  as  a  singer.  7.  She  made  her 
first  appearance  as  Margaret.  8.  She  asked  me  to 
take  a  seat.  9.  I  awake  at  five  o'clock  in  the 
morning.  10.  At  my  father's  wish  I  have  made  a 
journey  to  far  distant  lands.  11.  May  I  trouble 
you?     12.   He  went  straight  against  his  instructions. 

13.  The    professor's     lectures    are    well     attended. 

14.  He  approached  the  large  street  door.  15.  I  saw 
my  cousin   ( f . ) ,   as  I  was  going   along   the   street. 

16.  We  were  going  along  on  the  coast  of  the  sea. 

17.  Who  would  have  thought  that  of  this  man? 


8  COLLOQUIAL  GERMAN. 

18.  I  have  done  a  fine  business.  19.  To-morrow 
evening  a  concert  will  be  given  for  the  benefit  of  the 
actor.  20.  The  youth  is  not  to  be  blamed  for^  doing 
so.  21.  He  bowed  and  went  away.  22.  I  bind  my- 
self to  do  it  within  six  days.  23.  They  went  up  and 
down  in  the  walk.  24.  We  gave  a  joyous  banquet  to 
our  friends.  25.  He  went  by  way  of  Detroit  to  Chi- 
cago.    26.  How  far  is  it  from  Detroit  to  Chicago  ? 

EXERCISE  X. 

1.  Where  does  the  lad  stay  all  the  year?  2.  He  is 
attending  the  state  military  academy  at  Orchard  Lake, 
but  after  he  has  passed  his  final  examinations  he  will 
go  to  the  university.  3.  My  friend  failed  because  he 
did  not  study  diligently.  4.  What  has  become  of 
your  son?  5.  He  has  become  a  lawyer.  6.  What 
will  become  of  me?  7.  Out  of  nothing  nothing 
comes\  8.  .What  has  happened?  9.  That  word 
seldom  occurs  in  conversational  language.  10.  The 
parade  passed  off  in  the  best  order.  11.  The  mist  is 
rising  from  the  hills.  12.  He  comes  from  a  noble 
race.  13.  He  has  taken  up  his  work  again.  14.  I 
have  begun  the  work  anew.  15.  You  may  begin. 
16.  I  am  only  a  beginner.  17.  The  actress  appeared 
upon  the  stage  for  the  first  time.  18.  Who  began 
first?  19.  My  sister  began  to  sing.  20.  They  began 
a  second  game  of  whist.  21.  He  grew  up  here  in 
New  York.  22.  Night  is  coming  on  fast.  23.  The 
walls  of  the  barracks  w^ere  overgrown  with  moss. 
24.  Write  that  word  with  a  capital.  25.  It  became 
^  h^-bit  with  us^  to  take  a  walk  every  day. 


COLLOQUIAL  GERMAN.  .  9 

EXERCISE  XI. 

1.  What  o'clock  is  it?  2.  What  time  have  you? 
3.  At  what  time  ?  4.  At  ten  o'clock  in  the  morning. 
5.  At  nine  o'clock  sharp.  6.  It  is  a  quarter  after  nine. 
7.  It  is  half  past  three.  8.  It  is  a  quarter  to  three. 
9.  It  wants  fifteen  minutes  of  eleven.  10.  It  will  be 
two  immediately.  11.  It  is  not  yet  quite  two.  12. 
It  is  about  eight  o'clock.  13.  It  will  strike  twelve 
immediately.  14.  It  has  just  struck.  15.  What 
did  it  strike?  16.  Six  o'clock.  17.  I  rise  very  early. 
18.  I  arose  this  morning  at  four  o'clock.  19.  A  day 
has  twenty-four  hours.     20.  This  year  is  a  leap  year. 

21.  My   friend    (f. )    comes    once    every   fortnight. 

22.  Three  weeks  ago  yesterday  I  was  in  Boston.  23. 
What  month  is  it^  ?  24.  This  is  the  nineteenth  cen- 
tury after  Christ.     25.  It  happened  in  the  year  1889. 

26.  Six  months  ago  she  was  in  the  United  States. 

27.  Yesterday  afternoon  I  was  in  Cologne  ;  to-morrow 
forenoon  I  shall  be  in  Hanover.  28.  Towards  the 
end  of  the  month  I  shall  start  for  California.  29.  His 
monthly  pay  amounts  to  twelve  hundred  marks.  30. 
What  are  you  going  to  do  day  after  to-morrow? 
31.  He  will  come  in  four  weeks.  32.  When  the  day 
began  to  dawn,  I  arose  immediately. 

EXERCISE  Xn. 

1.  What  kind  of  weather  shall  we  have  to-morrow  ? 
2.  There  is  not  a  cloud  in  the  sky  ;  that  betokens  fine 
weather.  3.  The  sun  dissipated  the  thick  mist,  and 
shone  bright.  4.  Vapors  are  rising  from  the  plain, 
and  the  wind  has  suddenly  changed.     5.  How  blue 


10  COLLOQUIAL  GERMAN. 

the  sky  looks.  6.  The  wind  comes  from  the  east,  the 
direction  for  rain\  and  it  looks  uncertain.  7.  The 
weather  is  gloomy  and  unsettled,  but  to-morrow  it 
will  be  pleasant.  8.  According  to  the  weather  vane 
a  stiff  north  wind  is  blowing.  9.  I  fear  if  the  wind 
ceases,  we  shall  have  rain.  10.  Yesterday  it  rained 
all  day,  and  some  large  drops  are  falling  already 
again.  11.  It  is  raining  at  some  distance,  but  here 
the  rain  will  soon  cease.  12.  The  rain  has  laid  the 
dust.  13.  I  had  no  umbrella;  I  stepped  under  a  tree, 
and  was  wet  through  and  through.  14.  The  roads 
are  very  muddy,  but  the  wind  is  drying  the  pave- 
ment. 15.  It  is  scorching  hot;  I  am  almost  stifled 
with^  heat.  16.  It  lightens  and  thunders.  17.  The 
lightning  has  struck  a  house.  18.  Many  trees  were 
thrown  down,  and  the  hail  greatly  injured  the  grain. 
19.  The  hailstones  were  as  large  as  hen's  eggs.  20. 
It  has  frozen  hard.  21.  The  lake  is  frozen  over. 
22.  The  ice  is  quite  thick ;  it  already  bears  one,  but 
it  is  very  slippery.  23.  It  is  snowing  hard,  and  the 
branches  of  the  trees  are  laden  already  with  snow. 
24.  To-day  it  is  thawing' ;  the  snow  is  melting,  and 
the  ice  is  breaking  up.  25.  The  river  has  overflowed, 
and  an  inundation  is  feared.  26.  It  is  supposed  that 
at  least  five  thousand  persons  found  their  death  in  the 
inundation  at  Johnstown,  Pennsylvania,  in  the  year 
1889. 

EXERCISE  Xni. 

1.    Do   I   disturb   you,    dear   friend?      2.    By  no 
means;  I  am  very  glad  to  see  you.     3.  Be  so  kind  as 


COLLOQUIAL  GERMAN.  H 

to  take  a  seat;  I  have  a  word  to  say  to  you.  4.  I 
have  no  time,  I  am  in  a  great  hurry.  Good-bye! 
5.  I  have  the  honor  to  bid  you  good  day.  6.  Fare- 
well! 7.  Remember  me  to  your  brother,  and  give  my 
regards  to  your  mother.  8.  O,  my  watch  has  stopped ; 
I  forgot  to  wind  it.  9.  What  time^  is  it  by^  your 
watch?  10.  I  think  my  watch  is  a  little  slow.  11. 
I  beg  your  pardon,  it  is,  on  the  contrary,  eight  min- 
utes fast.  12.  There  is  a  draught  here.  13.  It  looks 
like*  rain.  14.  We  will  go  under  shelter,  if  you  fear 
getting  wet.  15.  It  is  muddy  in  the  street,  we  will 
take  a  cab.  16.  Let  us  go  over  to  the  other  side. 
17.  How  old  are  you?  18.  I  am  thirty-five  years 
old,  but  my  brother  is  going  on*  sixty.  19.  He  is 
older  than  he  looks.  20.  My  oldest  sister  is  sixteen, 
but  my  youngest  brother  is  of  age.  21.  He  is  tall 
for  his  age ;  when  is  his  birthday  ?  22.  How  old  do 
you  take  him  to  be  ?  23.  He  is  fully  forty  years  of 
age.  24.  I  am**  six  feet  one  inch.  25.  I  have  dark 
eyes  and  a  straight  nose.  26.  This  lady  has  a  bloom- 
ing complexion  and  large  blue  eyes.  27.  She  has  a 
dimple  in  each  cheek,  and  her  teeth  are  beautiful  and 
regular.  28.  Who  is  the  husband  of  this  woman? 
29.  Her  husband  has  been®  dead  a  long  time;  he  was 
related  to  us. 

EXEBCISE  XrV. 

1.  Some  one  is  knocking.  Come  in!  2.  Good 
morning,  my  friend.  How  are  you  ?  3.  Thank  you, 
pretty  well.  How  are  you  ?  4.  Are  all  well  at  your 
home^?     5.  My  wife  has  been  a  little  indisposed ;  she 


12  COLLOQUIAL  GERMAN. 

had  taken  cold,  but  she  has  entirely  recovered,  and 
day  after  to-morrow  we  start  for  Germany.  6.  Ah, 
is  that  so  ?  For  that  you  need  much  money ;  that  is 
positively  necessary.  7.  Four  years  ago  I  suffered  a 
great  loss ;  but  the  loss  was  not  irreparable,  and  since 
that  time  I  have  gained  much.  8.  I  have  carried  on 
a  profitable  trade  in'^  silks.  9.  In  this  way  I  have 
acquired  half  a  million.  10.  By'  what  steamer 
do  you  sail?  11.  We  sail  on  the  steamship  Elbe, 
of  the  North  German  Lloyd  Steamship  Company. 
12.  That  is  the  best  steamship  line  between  New 
York  and  Germany.  13.  What  is  the  cost  of  pas- 
sage? 14.  First  cabin  costs  from  New  York  to 
Bremen  from  four  hundred  to  seven  hundred  marks, 
according  to  location.  15.  Return  tickets  can  be  had 
at  reduced  prices.  16.  The  steamship  leaves  promptly 
at  six  o'clock  Saturday  morning.  17.  The  captain's 
name  is  Meyer.  18.  In  how  many  days  does  the  ship 
make  the  trip?  19.  How  long  does  the  passage 
take*?  20.  If  the  wind  is  favorable,  we  shall  be  on 
the  sea  seven  or  eight  days.  21.  The  ship  can  accom- 
modate three  hundred  first-cabin  passengers.  22.  I 
advise  you  to  secure  a  berth  at  once.  23.  What  is 
the  best  place  ?  24.  The  best  place  is  in  the  middle 
of  the  ship.  25.  Register  my  name,  and  give  me  a 
ticket.  26.  Do  not  fail  to  come  on  board  before  six 
o'clock.  27.  The  ship  sails  at  the  appointed  time. 
28.  It  will  be  better  for^  you  to  send  your  baggage  on 
board  this  evening.  29.  The  sea  is  rough;  do  you 
become  seasick?  30.  Yes,  the  rolling  of  the  ship 
makes  me  sick. 


COLLOQUIAL  GERIVIAN.  13 

EXERCISE  XV. 

1.  We  will  remain  on  deck,  for  it  is  somewhat  close 
below.  2.  How  quickly  we  cut  through  the  waters! 
3.  We  shall  soon  be  at  the  mouth  of  the  Weser.  4. 
Can  we  land  at  Bremerhaven  ?  5.  Yes,  we  shall  run 
in  there  and  land  at  the  pier.  6.  See!  A  custom's 
ship  is  coming  to  meet  us.  7.1  have  nothing  dutiable. 
8.  We  shall  disembark  within  two  hours.  9.  Who 
sees  to  taking  our  baggage  to  the  hotel  ?  10.  Where 
are  you  going  to  stay?  11.  I  shall  not  remain  in  this 
city,  I  shall  drive  at  once  to  the  station.  12.  They  are 
very  strict  in^  the  examination  of  trunks.  13.  If  you 
have  anything  dutiable  you  should  declare  it  at  once. 
14.  I  have  only  necessary  things,  all  for  my  own  use — 
linen,  clothing,  a  few  books,  and  the  like.  15.  All 
baggage  is  taken  to  the  customhouse.  16.  We  will 
go  there,  we  have  not  long  to  wait.  17.  Those  are 
my  things.  18.  This  trunk,  that  traveling  bag,  this 
box,  and  that  hatbox  are  mine.  19.  Have  you  no 
pirated  editions  ?  No,  they  are  all  original  editions. 
20.  Open  your  trunk,  please.  21.  Here  is  the  key, 
do  it  yourself.  22.  Please  do  not  throw  everything 
upside  down.  23.  Things  that  have  been  used'*  and 
articles  necessary  for  travel  are  free  of  duty.  24. 
You  must  pay  duty  on  this,  or  I  must  take  it  from 
you.  25.  That,  however,  is  prohibited,  and  I  am 
obliged  to  confiscate  it.  26.  If  you  wish  to  get  it 
again,  you  must  apply  to  the  collector  of  customs. 
27.  In  this  box  I  have  mostly  trifles.  28.  Be  careful 
in  examining;  there  are  fragile  things  in  it.  29.  I 
had  merchandise  in  my  trunk,  and  had  to  pay  duty. 


14  COLLOQUIAL  GERMAN. 

30.  How  much  did  you  pay?  31.  The  duty  amounted 
to  ten  per  cent,  of  the  value. 

EXERCISE  XVI. 

1.  Where  is  the  station?  2.  Around  the  corner, 
in  that  street.  3.  The  first  train  to  Bremen  will 
depart  immediately.    4.   I  thought  it  had  gone  already. 

5.  This  omnibus  goes  to  the  station;  let  us  get  in. 

6.  No,  we  will  take  a  cab;  we  shall  go  faster.  7. 
Driver,  to  the  station!  8.  Drive  on,  coachman!  I 
should  not  like  to  miss  the  train.  9.  Here  we  are  at 
the  station;  let's  get  out  quickly.  10.  Have  you  got 
your  tickets  yet?  11.  No.  Where  do  you  get  tickets 
for  Bremen?  12.  The  ticket  office  is  on  the  other 
side.  13.  Is  the  office  open?  14.  Are  you  going 
first-class?  15.  Yes.  The  fares  are  moderate,  and 
the  coaches  are  comfortable.  16.  Second-class  is 
good,  but  the  express  has  only  first-class.  17.  Two 
tickets,  first-class,  to  Bremen!  18.  How  much^? 
Ten  marks.  19.  Where  are  you  going?  20.  I  am 
going  to  Berlin.  21.  Have  you  baggage?  22. 
Have  you  had  your  baggage  weighed  and  checked^  ? 
23.  Where  is  the  baggage  room?  24.  How  many 
kilograms  free?  25.  Have  you  got  your  check'^?  26. 
I  have  attended  to  all  that.  27.  Where  is  the  wait- 
ing room  ?  28.  The  first-class  waiting  room  is  at  the 
left.  29.  Show  your  ticket  to  the  doorkeeper  and  go 
in;  I  will  be  with  you  again  in  ten  minutes.  30. 
How  much  free  baggage  do  you  allow  here?  31. 
Only  twenty-five  kilograms,  and  you  have  an  excess 
to  the  amount  of    six  marks'.     32.     Here  (is  some- 


COLLOQUIAL  GERMAN.  16 

thing)  for  your  trouble.  33.  Here  is  your  gratuity. 
34.  Thank  you  very  much.  35.  Is  that  our  train? 
36.  Yes,  that  is  the  express  for  Bremen.  37.  I  hope 
they  will  soon  open  the  door  of  the  waiting  room. 
38.  All  aboard,  for  Bremen  1  39.  Hurry,  so  that  we 
may  get  good  places.  40.  We  will  take  our  seats  in 
the  same  compartment.  41.  Not  in  this  compartment; 
this  is  a  smoking  car.  42.  We  will  get  into  a  com- 
partment which  is  not  for  smokers*.  43.  Smoking  in 
this  compartment  is  forbidden. 

EXERCJISE  XVn. 

1.  Do  you  prefer  to  ride^  backwards  or  forwards? 
2.  I  prefer  the  back  seats,  but  it  is  comfortable  sit- 
ting^ on  the  front  seats*.  3.  Here,  sir!  Get  into  this 
compartment.  4.  The  train  will  start  in  a  moment; 
hurry  up!  5.  I  will  take  these  small  parcels  into  the 
car  with  me ;  I  can  lay  them  under  the  seat.  6.  I 
will  take  my  hand  bag  with  me  into  the  car.  7.  The 
conductor  has  just  given  the  signal  for  departure.  8. 
They  are  ringing  the  bell  for  the  third  time.  9.  The 
locomotive  whistles ;  we  are  going  to  start.  10.  The 
train  that  leaves  at  seven  o'clock  stops  at  no  inter- 
mediate station*.  11.  Show  me  your  tickets,  please. 
12.  The  conductor  asks  for  the  tickets.  13.  Have*^ 
your  tickets  ready  for  the  conductor.  14.  Close  the 
car  door.  15.  Will  you  lower  the  window  ?  16.  You 
must  not  lean  out  of  the*  window.  17.  Would  you 
like  to  change  seats  with  me?  18.  Very  much;  we 
shall  then  both  sit  more  comfortable.  19.  Where  can 
I  put  my  valise  ?   20.  Up  there  in  the  rack.    21.  There 


16  COLLOQUIAL  GERMAN. 

isn't  much  room'  in  these  coaches.  22.  Put  the 
umbrella  in  the  rack.  23.  It  may  fall  out,  the  rack 
is  already  full.  24.  A  little  air  will  do  us  good,  may 
I  open  the  coach  window?  25.  Are  we  far  from  the 
locomotive?  26.  No,  the  train  is  not  long;  besides 
the  tender  and  the  baggage  car  there  are  only  three 
coaches  between  us  and  the  locomotive.  27.  We  shall 
soon  pass  over  a  viaduct.  28.  Here  is  a  down  grade, 
and  the  road  makes  a  curve ;  I  hope  the  train  will  not 
jump  the  track.  29.  In  fact,  we  are  going  with  ex- 
traordinary speed,  but  accidents  seldom  happen  on 
this  line. 

EXERCISE  XVin. 

1.  There  is  a  draught  here ;  allow  me  to  close  the 
window.  2.  The  draught  does  not  inconvenience  me 
at  all,  but  my  wife  cannot  stand  it.  3.  Railroad  acci- 
dents happen  sometimes  in  Europe  ;  yesterday  in 
Bavaria  two  express  trains  collided.  4.  It  was  a 
frightful  collision.  5.  The  switchman  made  a  mis- 
take and  brought  the  train  on  the  wrong  track. 
6.  Such  a  collision  is  here  impossible,  since  there  are* 
two  tracks  on  the  whole  road.  7.  The  railway  com- 
pany has  built  a  double  track.  8.  Do  they  have  the 
air  brake  in  Germany?  9.  Yes,  and  they  use  also  a 
self-acting  railway  brake.  10.  Did  you  ever  ride 
through  a  tunnel?  11.  Yes,  indeed,  and  also  through 
deep  cuts.  12.  Why  is  the  train  stopping  here? 
13.  This  is  the  place  where  we  meet  the  train  from 
Bremen.  14.  What  is  the  name  of  this  town  ?  15. 
Did  you  hear  the  name  of  this  station?  16.  No;  it 
is  only  a  stopping  place  for  freight  trains.     17.  Do 


COLLOQUIAL  GERMAN.  17 

you  know  how  long  we  stop  here  ?  18.  How  long  do 
we  stop  at'*  this  station?  19.  Ten  minutes  stop!  20. 
Then  we  will  get  out.  21.  Where  is  the  refreshment 
room  ?  22.  On  the  other  side,  at  the  right.  23.  Do 
not  cross  the  track.  24.  We  must  not  get  out  until 
the  train  has  entirely  stopped.  25.  The  engine  is 
taking  water.  26.  The  train  is  somewhat  late.  27. 
Conductor,  where  do  we  change  cars'  ?  28.  Are  you 
going  direct  to  Berlin  ?  29.  Is  there  no  change  of 
cars?  30.  We  are  waiting  here  for  the  train  from 
Berlin*.  31.  Please  let  me  see*  your  time-table  a 
moment?  32.  Is  this  the  latest  time-table ?  33.  In 
a  quarter  of  an  hour  the  train  ought  to  be  here.  34. 
In  the  meantime  we  will  step  into  the  refreshment 
room  and  take  a  cup  of  coffee.  35.  At  the  last 
station  we  had  no  time  to  take  anything. 

EXERCISE   XIX. 

1.  All  aboard  for  Berlin!  2.  Be  quick!  We  are 
going  to  leave  at  once.  3.  Where  is  my  compart- 
ment ?  I  cannot  find  it  again.  4.  You  should  notice 
the  number  of  the  coach;  it  is  the  fifth.  5.  You  can- 
not go  on  the  train  which  is  about  to  arrive.  6.  Why 
not,  pray?  7.  Because  that  train  is  an  express  which 
takes^  only  first-class  passengers.  8.  You  have  a 
second-class  ticket;  if  you  wish  to  go  with  us,  you 
must  get  a  supplementary  ticket.  9.  Where  can  I 
get  it^  ?  10.  At  the  office  yonder,  at  the  right ;  but 
you  must  hurry,  the  train  has  already  been  signaled. 
11.  Gentlemen,  it  is  not  allowed  to  stand  on  the  plat- 
form,    12,  Will  you  please  get  away  from  the  track? 


18  COLLOQUIAL  GERMAN. 

The  train  will  arrive  in  a  moment.  13.  We  have  five 
minutes  yet  to  wait,  we  will  go  into  the  waiting 
room.  14.  Here  comes  the  train.  15.  Conductor, 
three  places  for  Berlin!  16.  Go  farther  down;  in 
these  coaches  there  are  no  more.  17.  Let  us  go 
farther  up;  everything  is  taken  here.  18.  There  is 
one  more  seat  in  this  compartment,  but  it  is  unpleas- 
ant to  sit  so  crowded.  19.  The  next  station  is  Berlin. 
20.  We  are  at  the  station.  21.  We  are  already  at 
the  Frederick  street  station.  22.  The  conductor  is 
shouting,  "All  changed"  23.  Where  does  one  get 
one's  baggage?  24.  The  porters  are  all  numbered; 
give  your  check  to  a  porter,  he  will  see  to  it.  25. 
Porter,  here  is  my  check;  bring  me  my  baggage. 
26.  I  have  two  valises  and  a  trunk.  27.  Coachman, 
put  the  trunk  on  the  box,  and  drive  me  to  the  hotel. 

28.  Can  you  recommend  to  me  a  hotel  in  Berlin? 

29.  The  Kaiserhof  is  a  first-class  hotel.  30.  Do  you 
know  a  good  second-class  hotel  with  moderate  prices  ? 
31.  Where  are  you  going  to  put  up  ?  32.  I  am  going 
to  stay  over  night  at  the  Central  Hotel,  opposite  the 
station.  33.  You  will  find  good  accommodations  in 
that  hotel.  34.  If  you  are  going  to  stay  at  the 
Kaiserhof,  it  would  be  better  to  take  a  cab.  35.  I 
am  going  on  foot,  for  the  hotel  is  not  far  from  the 
station. 

EXERCISE  XX. 

1.  In  the  largest  of  the  Berlin  hotels  one  finds 
elevators,  restaurants,  cafes^  post  and  telegraph 
ofiices,  railway  ticket  ofiice,  and  baggage  transporta- 
tion office.      2.    If  the  servants  are  not  polite  and 


COLLOQUIAL  GERMAN.  19 

attentive,  one  should  complain  of  them\  3.  I  wish  to 
see  the  landlord.     4.  Have  you  unoccupied  rooms? 

5.  We  wish  a  sitting  room  and  two  sleeping  rooms. 

6.  I  wish  a  front  room  in  the  second*  story.  7.  I  do 
not  like  this  room ;  it  opens  on  the  court  and  the  view 
is  not  pretty.  8.  Show  me  another  room,  a  brighter 
one.  9.  I  wish  a  room  at  six  marks,  service  and  all 
included.  10.  I  am  alone,  I  need  only  a  sleeping 
room.  11.  Where  are  you  living  ?  12.  I  am  living 
with  Mrs.  S.,  27  King's  street,  on  the  third  floor. 
13.  We  wish  three  rooms  in  the  third  story.  14.  The 
waiter  will  show  you  up  immediately.  15.  Waiter, 
show  me  the  rooms.  16.  This  room  does  not  suit  me, 
haven't  you  others  vacant?  17.  There  is  not  an 
unoccupied  room  in  the  whole  house ;  all  are  taken. 
18.  I  will  take  the  room  with  two  beds,  in  the  first 
story.  19.  What  does  the  room  cost  a  day?  20. 
Can  I  speak  with  the  landlord  ?  I  would  like  to  rent 
it  by  the  day.  21.  Have  my  things  brought  up. 
22.  Where  is  the  bell?  23.  The  bell  does  not  ring. 
24.  You  need  only  to  push  on  the  button.  25.  At 
what  time  do  you  dine  at  table  d^hotef  26.  When  is 
table  d'hote?  27.  Proniptly  at  six  o'clock.  28.  We 
will  dine  at  table  d'^hote;  reserve  two  places  for  us. 

EXERCISE  XXI. 

1.  At  what  time  does  the  morning  express  go  to 
Dtisseldorf  ?  2.1  am  going  on  that  train.  3.  How 
much  do  you  have  to  pay  for  the  sleeper^  ?  4.  Here  is 
my  baggage ;  to  what  does  the  excess  amount  ?  It  is 
going  to  Halle.    5.  Please  give  me  my  check,  I  wish  to 


20  COLLOQUIAL  GERMAN. 

go  into  the  refreshment  room.  6.  Where  is  a  com- 
partment for  smokers?  7.  That  is  a  compartment 
for  women.  8.  In  this  compartment  there  is  no  more 
room,  everything  is  taken.  9.  We  are  going  by  the 
first  train.  10.  The  incoming  train  stops  here  only 
five  minutes.  11.  Where  does  this  train  go?  12. 
Is  this  the  train  for  Dresden?  13.  We  have  been 
waiting  for  a  quarter  of  an  hour;  can't  one  get  on 
yet?  14.  Which  is  the  train  for  Hanover?  15. 
When  does  the  train  arrive  in  Bonn?  16.  Does  our 
train  stop  in  Leipsic?  17.  How  long  does  the  train 
stop  in  Cologne?  18.  Does  this  train  go  direct  to 
Munich?  19.  No,  but  there  is  a  through  coach  to 
Vienna.  20.  Does  this  train  make  connection  in 
Frankfort  for'^  Mayence?  21.  We  have  purchased 
round-trip  tickets  to  Coblentz.  22.  I  have  no  time 
to  get  a  ticket,  what  shall  I  do  ?  23.  This  compart- 
ment is  for  those  who  do  not  smoke ;  it  is  not  allowed 
to  smoke  here.  24.  Shall  we  soon  be  in  Hamburg? 
25.  Sir,  I  have  had  this  place  all  the  way  from 
Cassel';  you  must  vacate  the  seat.  26.  Have  a  glass 
of  water  and  a  slice  of  bread  and  butter  brought  to 
the  car.  27.  Get  me  something  to  eat.  28.  The 
conductor  took  my  ticket  just  before  departing.  29. 
Conductor,  you  punched  my  ticket  at  the  last  station. 
30.  I  have  lost  my  ticket,  or  you  kept  it  the  first 
time*.  31.  Where  must  I  change  ?  32.  You  do  not 
have  to  change  until  you  reach  Heidelberg^.  33. 
Please  do  not  forget  to  tell  me  w^hen  we  are  there. 
34.  Where  do  they  change  cars®?  35.  The  train 
that  has  just  left  is  an  excursion  train  for  Weimar. 


COLLOQUIAL  GERMAN.  21 

36.  Have  you  a  railroad  map  of  Germany?  37.  I  am 
traveling  on  business,  but  you  are  traveling  for 
pleasure. 

EXERCISE  XXn. 

1.  Where  is  the  depot  ?  2.  Can  one  ride  there  on 
the  street  cars  ?  3.  From  which  station  do  you  go  to 
Vienna?  4.  At  which  station  does  the  train  from 
Hanover  arrive  ?  5.  Can  you  tell  me  how  far  it  is  to 
the  station?  6.  A  half  hour's  walk\  but  only  ten 
minutes  by  the  street  cars.  7.  An  omnibus  line,  too, 
runs  there.  8.  If  you  wish  to  go  by  the  tramway, 
you  must  wait  for  the  street  car  at  the  stopping  place. 
9.  Where  is  this  omnibus  going?  10.  Does  this 
omnibus  go  through  Linden  street?  11.  What  omni- 
bus do  I  take  for^  the  German  Theater?  12.  Give  me 
a  transfer  to  the  Zoological  Garden.  13.  Where 
must  I  change?  14.  Sir,  will  you  be  so  kind  as  to 
move  along  a  little?  15.  Is  there  another  seat  on 
top?  16.  There  are  two  places  inside,  will  you  go 
in  ?  17.  No,  we  will  go  up  on  the  top.  18.  Conductor, 
stop  at  Charles  street,  please ;  I  wish  to  get  off  there. 
19.  Have  the  driver  stop  here,  I  wish  to  get  out;  I 
have  some  business  to  attend  to  here.  20.  Your  fare, 
please!  21.  Let  me  off  at  Opera  Square.  22.  Be 
careful  not  to  fall.  23.  Now  we  will  go  back  to  the 
hotel.  24.  Sir,  have  you  a  passport?  25.  Please 
write  your  name  and  occupation  in  the  register.  26. 
Are  you  acquainted  here  ?  27.  No,  but  I  have  letters 
of  introduction  to  the  American  Ambassador  and  to 
the  Consul.  28.  The  police  supervision  is  now  very 
strict ;  you  must  provide  yourself  with  a  passport,  if 


22  COLLOQUIAL  GERMAN. 

you  intend  to  remain  here  for  some  time.  29.  I  am 
rooming  for  the  present  in  a  hotel,  but  next  week  I 
shall  move  into  private  apartments.  30.  We  shall 
rent  a  furnished  room.  31.  I  have  rented  a  summer 
residence  in  the  mountains.  32.  I  shall  spend  all  the 
summer  there.  33.  The  surrounding  country  is 
beautiful. 

EXERCISE  XXni. 

1.  Are  you  going  to  pass  the  summer  in*  the  coun- 
try, or  here  in  the  city?  2.  We  intend  to  remain 
two  months  in  Berlin  ;  therefore,  we  wish  to  rent  a 
room  in  a  private  hotel.  3.  In  Berlin  it  is  difficult  to 
get  dwelling  rooms  and  sleeping  rooms  at  moderate 
prices.  4.  There  are  in  Berlin  several  family  board- 
ing houses,  or,  as  they  are  called  in  Berlin,  Pensio- 
nate,  5.  In  these  boarding  houses  you  pay  from  five 
to  eight  marks  a  day,  or  from  one  hundred  to  two 
hundred  marks  a  month.  6.  Sir,  be  so  kind  as  to 
follow  me.  7.  Here  is  your  room,  please  step  in. 
8.  Please  give  me  the  key  to  my  room,  I  will  leave^ 
it  in  the  door.  9.  Have  the  chambermaid  bring  me 
fresh  water  and  a  light  at  once.  10.  Is  that  filtered 
water,  or  water  from  the  waterworks?  11.  We 
drink  mostly  Seltzer  water,  mineral  water,  or  water 
with  a  little  wine.  12.  Shall  I  bring  you  a  bottle  of 
wine?  13.  What  does  it  cost  a  bottle' ?  14.  Three, 
four,  five,  and  six  marks,  according  to*  the  quality. 
15.  Thank  you;  bring  me  rather  a  decanter  of  ice 
water.  16.  There  are  no  glasses  here,  and  no  towels ; 
tell  the  chambermaid  to^  bring  some.  17.  How  can 
one  call  the  waiter  ?    18,  Pull  this  cord*     19,  When 


COLLOQUIAL  GERMAN.  23 

do  you  wish  to  be  called  in  the  morning?  20.  The 
porter  is  to  awaken  us  at  six  o'clock.  21.  Brush  out 
this  commode ;  it  is  not  clean.  22.  The  bed  seems 
hard  and  is  poorly  made.  23.  Will  you  put  another 
blanket  on  the  bed,  and  set  the  match  box  on  the 
table?  24.  Shall  I  strike  a  light ?  25.  The  servant 
can  make  the  room  in  my  absence. 

EXERCISE  XXIV. 

1.  If  any  one  asks  for  me,  say  that  I  have  gone  to 
the  exposition,  and  shall  not  be  back  until  late\  2.  If 
any  one  asks  for  me,  say  that  I  shall  be  home  again  at 
seven  o'clock.  3.  I  am  at  home  to  no  one^;  I  wish  to 
rest  a  little.  4.  Can  I  speak  to  Mr.  B.  ?  5.  You 
must  wait  for  the  proper  time  to  make  a  call.  6. 
Announce  me,  please.  7.  Have  I  the  honor  of  speak- 
ing with  Mr.  B.  ?  8.  Sir,  two  Americans  have  in- 
quired for  you;  they  left  no  cards,  and  I  could  not 
retain  their  names.  9.  They  will  call  on  you  again 
to-morrow  morning.  10.  I  should  like  to  know  who 
can  have  come  already,  immediately  on  my  arrival. 
11.  Have  you  made  out  my  bill?  12.  How  much  is® 
my  bill  ?  13.  Did  you  charge  the  wine  in  my  bill  ? 
14.  There  must  be  an  error  here ;  we  have  had  no 
wine.  15.  On  the  fifteenth  of  next  month  I  am 
going  to  move.  16.  These  rooms  are  too  high-priced. 
17.  Is  breakfast  ready  ?  18.  Will  you  breakfast  with 
us?  19.  Do  you  prefer  tea  for  breakfast,  or  coffee? 
20.  I  drink  coffee  without  cream  and  sugar,  but  my 
friend  takes  both  in  his*.  21.  May  I  offer  you 
another  cup?     22.    My  coffee  is  not  sweet  enough, 


24  COLLOQUIAL  GERMAN. 

shall  I  help  myself?  23.  May  I  ask  you  for  an  egg? 
24.  I  would  like  to  have  a  biscuit  or  a  roll.  25. 
Will  you  be  so  kind  as  to  pass  me  the  ham?  26. 
Please  give  me  a  little  bit  more.  27.  Do  you  like 
chocolate  ?  28.  What  have  you  for  breakfast  ?  29. 
We  have  fruits,  cold  fowl,  chocolate,  tea,  and  coffee. 
30.  Can  we  have  a  lunch  at  any  time  of  day?  31. 
Waiter,  bring  another  knife,  fork,  spoon,  and  two 
napkins. 

EXERCISE  XXV. 

1.    This  chicken  is  excellent;   it  is  neither  too  fat 
nor  too  lean.     2.   Would  you  like  a  wing  or  a  leg  ? 

3.  If  you  will  allow  me,  I  will  eat  some  of  this  fruit. 

4.  Certainly !     Take  what  you  like  without  ceremony. 

5.  After  I  have  breakfasted,  I  shall  walk  awhile.  6. 
Will  you  go  along  ?  The  weather  is  so  beautiful.  7. 
Waiter,  these  shoes  are  wet;  have  the  porter  dry 
them  and  black  them.  8.  Will  you  also  brush  my 
clothes?  9.  Which  do  you  like  best,  peaches,  pears, 
apples,  cherries,  apricots,  oranges,  or  grapes?  10.  I 
like  them  all ;  I  like,  also,  currants,  raspberries,  black- 
berries, huckleberries,  and  strawberries.  11.  Try  this 
wine ;  it  is  six  years  old  and  of  the  best  quality.  12. 
Thank  you,  I  have  eaten  and  drunk  enough.  I  will 
taste  the  wine  another  time.  13.  Very  well,  I  will 
go  to  my  room  and  dress ;  then  we  will  go  out  at 
once.  14.  Waiter,  you  may  take  away  the  things 
and  wipe  off  the  table.  15.  To-morrow  we  will  make 
a  little  excursion  into  the  country,  but  to-day  we  will 
see  the  sights  of  the  city.  16.  We  will  visit  the  art 
collections  and  the  museums,     17,   First  of  alP  we 


COLLOQUIAL  GERMAN.  25 

shall  visit  the  renowned  royal  museums  and  the 
National  Gallery.  18.  There  are,  also,  many  theaters 
and  places  of  amusement  in  Berlin.  19.  Will  you 
ride,  drive,  or  go  on  foot  ?  20.  We  will  take  a  first- 
class  cab;  it  costs  only  a  mark  and  a  half^  by  the 
hour.  21.  Help  me  in^  22.  Coachman,  drive  us  to 
Leipsic  street.  23.  Set  me  down  at  the  corner  of 
William  street.  24.  Help  me  out*.  25.  Stop  at 
Opera  Square;  I  must  attend  to  an  errand ^ 

EXERCISE  XXVI. 

1.  Does  this  street  go  to  the  Old  Museum?  2. 
Which  is  the  nearest  way  to  the  post  office?  3. 
There  must  be  some  letters  for  me  at  the  post  office. 

4.  Is  this  the  office  for  letters  held  until  called  for^? 

5.  Across  the  court,  straight  ahead!  6.  Are  there 
poste  restante  letters  here  for  Mr.  L.  ?  7.  You  must 
prove  your  identity;  have  you  a  passport?  8.  Please 
send  the  letters  and  papers  that  come  for  me  to  my 
residence,  Bellevue  street,  number  eleven,  second 
floor.  9.  The  postman  has  just  brought  a  letter  for 
you;  twenty  pfennigs  due.  10.  But  it  is  postpaid, 
how  comes  that?  11;  The  postage  was  insufficient, 
and  the  charge  on  letters  with  insufficient  post- 
age is  the  same  as^  on  letters  not  prepaid.  12.  If 
you  please,  five  twenty  pfennig  stamps^.  13.  The 
postage  for  a  registered  letter  is  twenty-five  pfennigs 
extra.  14.  There  is  an  additional  charge  of  twenty- 
five  pfennigs  upon  registered  letters*.  15.  Please 
register  this  letter  for  Dresden.  16.  I  would  like  to 
have  this  letter  registered.     17.  When  is  the  National 


26  COLLOQUIAL  GERMAN. 

Gallery  open  to  the  public?  18.  This  morning  I  re- 
ceived an  admission  ticket  for  to-day's  session  of  the 
Reichstag.  19.  To  whom  have  I  to  apply  to  obtain 
admission  ?  20.  Does  one  need  a  ticket  of  admission 
to  see  the  royal  castle?  21.  I  have  been  out  for  a 
long  time;  I  have  been  running  around  the  city  all 
day,  and  now  I  am  going  home.  22.  The  walk  to 
the  post  office  has  given**  me  an  appetite. 

EXERCISE  XXVn. 

1.  Here  we  are  at  home.  2.  Before  we  dine,  I 
must  write  a  letter  to  my  friend  in  Vienna,  3. 
Waiter,  bring  me  writing  materials — paper,  pen,  ink, 
envelopes,  and  inkstand.  4.  Here  is  no  penholder, 
and  I  prefer  steel  pens.  5.  Waiter,  will  you  do 
an  errand  for  me  ?  You  may  buy  for  me  a  quire 
of  writing  paper,  at  the  stationer's  around  the 
corner.       6.  You  have  no  blotting  paper;   use  this. 

7.  On  what  days  do  letters  arrive   from  America? 

8.  I  have  finished  writing  the  letter;  take  it  to 
the  post  office  for  me.  9.  Until  how  late  can 
one  mail  letters  which  are  to  go  out  to-day  ?  10.  I 
wonder  if  my  old  friend  B.  is  in  Berlin.  This  letter 
is  from  him;  I  recognize  the  handwriting.  11.  Yes, 
he  is  living  in  Potsdam  street.  12.  I  have  lost  my 
paper  cutter  and  my  paper  weight.  13.  My  friend 
has  given  me  a  beautiful  waste-paper  basket.  14.  I 
do  not  write  rapidly,  but  plainly.  15.  You  have 
written  the  word  incorrectly.  16.  In  fact,  the  whole 
sentence  is  wrong.  17.  Let  me  have  a  sheet  of  letter 
paper.     18.  I  will  write  down  what  you  have  said. 


COLLOQUIAL  GERMAN.  27 

19.  Take  a  copy  of  this  letter,  before  I  send  it  to  the 
post  office.  20.  I  will  write  to  him  by  return  mail\ 
21.  Why  did  he  not  write  out  these  words?  22. 
I  wrote  the  letter  in  great  haste;  one  can  scarcely 
read  it.  23.  Wait  a  moment,  I  have  not  yet  written 
the  address.  24.  How  long  is  a  letter  on  the  way 
from  here  to  Italy  ?  25.  At  what  time  does  the  post 
office  close? 

EXERCISE  XXVin. 

1.  Dinner  must  now  be  ready.  2.  Be  so  kind  as 
to  take  a  seat  near  me.  3.  Would  you  like  a  little 
soup  ?  4.  The  soup  is  excellent,  I  beg  you  for  a  little 
more.  5.  Do  you  drink  red  wine  or  white  wine  ?  6. 
Thank  you,  I  drink  no  wine  and  no  beer.  7.  Will 
you  have  a  piece  of  this  roast  beef  ?  8.  It  looks  very 
tender.  9.  Do  you  eat  no  vegetables  with  your 
meat?  10.  Will  you  pass  me  the  mashed  potatoes? 
11.  I  will  carve  the  chicken.  12.  I  beg  you  for  the 
gravy.  13.  May  I  give  you  some  of  the  dressing? 
14.  Will  you  be  so  kind  as  to  give  me  a  little  of  the 
lean  meat?  15.  The  cauliflower  looks  inviting.  16. 
Your  friend  eats  little.  17.  The  dinner  tasted  excel- 
lent to  me.  18.  Waiter,  change  the  plates,  bring 
other  knives,  forks,  and  dessert  spoons.  19.  After- 
wards you  may  bring  the  dessert.  20.  I  beg  you  for 
a  piece  of  bread  and  some  butter.  21.  I  beg  you  for 
a  little  bread  and  butter.  22.  Shall  I  pare  your  apple 
for  you  ?  23.  Is  this  roast  to^  your  taste  ?  24.  Can 
one  dine  in  one's  room  ?  25.  What  does  it  cost  for 
table  d^hote^f  26.  How  many  places  have  you  re- 
served for  us?     27.  What   do   you   call   this   dish? 


as  COLLOQUIAL  GERMAN. 

28.  Will  you  bring  me  the  bill  of  fare  and  the  list  of 
wines?  29.  In  the  eating  houses  one  can  dine  d  la 
carte  or  at  fixed  prices.  30.  At  a  fixed  price  one  gets 
soup,  three  or  four  dishes  according  to  choice,  dessert, 
as  much  bread  as  one  likes^,  and  a  bottle  of  wine. 

EXERCISE  XXIX. 

1.  In  this  restaurant  are  many  people,  but  yonder 
in  the  corner,  at  the  left,  is  a  table  with  two  comfort- 
able seats  that  are  not  occupied.  2.  Waiter,  to-day's 
menu !  All  right,  sir !  3.  Do  you  wish  no  fish  ?  No 
fish.  4.  Do  you  like  your  meat  well  roasted  or  rare? 
5.  Let  me  give  you  a  piece  of  this  roast.  6.  If  you 
please\  7.  How  do  you  find  the  roast?  8.  You 
have  given  me  too  much.  9.  Please  give  me  only 
half  of  that,  a  small  piece  is  sufficient.  10.  Here  is 
salt,  pepper,  vinegar  and  oil;  make  the  salad.  11. 
What  kind  of  dessert  shall  we  take?  12.  Which  do 
you  prefer,  beer  or  wine?  13.  Neither^  14.  I  will 
draw  the  cork  with  this  corkscrew.  15.  May  I  pour 
out  a  glass  of  wine  for  you?  16.  Pour  a  little  water 
in  it'.  17.  Ladies,  I  drink  to  your  health !  18.  Pour 
out  a  glass  of  water  for  me.  19.  How  many  courses 
do  you  have  for  dinner  at  this  hotel?  20.  Waiter, 
bring  us  the  bill;  can  you  make  change?  21.  You 
gave  me  twenty  marks.  The  bill  is  twelve  marks, 
hence  you  receive  back  eight  marks.  22.  Will  you 
change  a  ten-mark  piece  for  me,  and  give  me  some 
small  change?  23.  Here  is  the  receipted  bill.  24. 
The  tea  is  too  weak  and  the  coffee  too  strong.  25.  I 
must  add  a  little  water.     26.  Take  another  cup  of 


COLLOQUIAL  GERMAN.  29 

tea.  27.  I  never  drink  more  than  one  cup.  28.  Can 
one  get  here  some  cold  meat  for*  supper?  29.  I 
would  like  a  few  oysters.  30.  I  like  cucumbers,  both 
fresh  and  pickled. 

EXERCISE  XXX. 

1.  He  has  kept  three  places  for  us,  and  we  engaged 
only  two.  2.  Sir,  have  you  given  your  order?  3. 
Yes,  waiter,  I  ordered  a  beefsteak  of  you  a  long  time 
ago^.  4.  I  did  not  order  that ;  bring  us,  please,  what 
we  order.  5.  I  eat  white  bread  and  brown  bread. 
6.  I  eat  stewed  meat,  fried  meat,  and  roast  meat.  7. 
We  eat  roast  beef,  smoked  beef,  salt  meat,  sirloin  of 
beef,  veal  cutlets,  sweet  bread,  mutton  chops,  pork, 
salt  pork,  sausages,  turkey,  and  chicken.  8.  Do  you 
like  eggs  hard  boiled  or  soft?  9.  We  like  omelets 
and  sandwiches.  10.  I  like  also  jellies,  preserves, 
ices,  and  ice  cream.  11.  What  kind  of  ice  cream  do 
you  wish,  lemon  or  vanilla  ?  12.  What  kind  of  vege- 
tables do  you  eat?  13.  I  eat  beans,  carrots,  beats, 
turnips,  potatoes,  green  peas,  and  radishes.  14.  Do 
you  wish  coffee  with  milk?  15.  No,  I  wish  cream; 
but  my  friend  takes  no  cream.  16.  What  kinds  of 
ice  cream  have  you  ?  17.  Have  you  read  the  morning 
papers?  18.  What  news  isHhere  in  them ?  19.  Are 
the  evening  papers  out^  yet  ?  20.  I  have  read  yester- 
day's paper,  but  not  to-day's.  21.  Is*  there  a  review 
of  the  new  play  in  to-day's  paper?  22.  Have  you 
American  newspapers?  23.  Read  this  editorial  on 
foreign  affairs.  24.  Here,  waiter,  is  your  fee.  25. 
Waiters  receive  no  pay  from  the  employer.  26. 
Yesterday  I  was  up  late;   I  usually  remain  up  late." 


30  COLLOQUIAL  GERMAN. 

27.  This  evening  I  must  go  to  bed  early.     28.  Now 
I  must  go  home ;  I  wish  you  a  good  night's  rest*. 

EXERCISE  XXXI. 

1.  Here  is  a  telegram  for  you,  sir.  2.  I  wish  to 
answer  immediately  by  telegram.  3.  Where  is  the 
nearest  telegraph  office?  4.  Quite  near\  in  Cook 
street.  5.  Can  I  wi:ite  my  dispatch  in  the  office  ?  6. 
Can  one  telegraph  to  Rome  in  German?  7.  How 
many  words  may  a  simple  dispatch  contain  ?  8.  Is  it 
allowed  to  telegraph  in  cipher?  9.  What  does  a 
simple  dispatch  to  Munich  cost  ?  10.  How  much  does 
a  dispatch  of  twenty  words  cost?  11.  Are  the  punc- 
tuation marks  counted?  12.  No,  but  the  address  of 
the  one  addressed  and  the  signature  of  the  sender  are 
counted.  13.  Will  the  message  be  sent  out  to-day? 
14.  I  would  like  to  have  a  thousand  francs  paid  by 
telegraph*  to  a  gentleman  in  Paris.  15.  Here  is  his 
address  and  the  telegram.  16.  I  beg  you  for  a  receipt. 
17.  Can  I  send  a  cablegram  to  Detroit,  Michigan,  in 
America?  18.  I  would  like  to  speak  by  telephone 
with  a  friend;  where  is  a  public  telephone  office?  19. 
We  have  a  telephone  here  in  the  house.  20.  The  list 
of  possessors  of  telephones  lies  here.  21.  His  number 
is  five  hundred  thirty-six.  22.  Call  up  the  central  to 
have  the  desired  connection  made.  23.  Hello,  central! 
I  wish  to  speak  with  five  hundred  thirty-six.  24,  The 
telephone  is  a  wonderful  invention. 

EXERCISE  XXXn. 

1.  Where  is  there^  a  banker?  2.  Can  I  get  my 
money   changed   there^?      3.    Where   is   the   nearest 


COLLOQUIAL  GERMAN.  31 

exchange  office?  4.  At'  Killer's;  he  does  a  large 
banking  business.  5.  In  what  street  is  his  place  of 
business?  6.  In  Behren  street,  straight  ahead.  7. 
Where  can  I  exchange  my  money  most  advantage- 
ously? 8.  I  wish  to  exchange  American  money  for 
Gennan  money.  9.  What  do  you  give  on  a  dollar*? 
10.  I  have  a  draft  on  you.  11.  I  have  a  sight  draft 
for*  five  hundred  marks  on  your  house.  12.  Please 
give  me  two  hundred  fifty  marks  in  bank  notes,  one 
hundred  marks  in  gold,  and  the  rest  I  would  like  to 
deposit  on  call.  13.  Give  me,  please,  bank  notes; 
mostly  tens,  fives,  and  ones.  14.  I  have  no  money 
with  me,  but  I  am  expecting  some  every  day.  15. 
What  is  a  dollar  worth*  here?  16.  Sir,  that  piece  is 
counterfeit;  we  will  not  take  it.  17.  Please  give  me 
small  change  for  two  marks.  18.  I  have  a  letter  of 
credit;  will  you  give  me,  please,  three  hundred  marks 
on  it?  19.  I  have  a  draft  from  your  correspondent 
in  Paris.  20.  Do  you  wish  it  cashed  immediately? 
21.  Here  is  your  money,  sir;  see  if  it  is  right.  22. 
This  bill  of  exchange  is  not  yet  due,  but  I  will  dis- 
count it.  23.  What  is  the  rate  of  discount'?  24. 
That  bill  of  exchange  is  payable  at  sight,  but  this  is 
payable  ten  days  after  sight.  25.  It  shall  be  accepted. 
26.  It  shall  be  honored. 

EXERCISE  XXXm. 

1.  Have  you  been  at  the  banker's?  2.  No;  but  I 
was  at^  the  exchange.  3.  Was  the  market  dull  or 
brisk?  4.  Railroad  stocks  have  fallen  much,  but 
bank  stock  has  risen.     5.  The  great  banking  house  of 


32  COLLOQUIAL  GERMAN. 

Lehmann  &  Bauer  has  failed.  6.  The  millionaire 
Hiller  has  become  bankrupt.  7.  The  firm  is  insolvent 
and  has  stopped  payment.  8.  Their  liabilities  amount 
to  about  half  a  million.  9.  He  has  given^  me  a  note 
for  seven  hundred  marks,  on  a  year's  time'.  10.  I  must 
raise  some  money  and  take  up  my  note.  11.  Make* 
me  out  a  receipt.  12..  I  have  been  at  the  banker's  to 
draw  some  money.  13.  Will  you  please  make  me  out 
a  draft  on  the  house  of  Drexel  &  Co.,  New  York? 
14.  Here  we  are  at  the  jeweler's;  I  bought  a  stem- 
winder  of  him,  and  it  does  not.  keep  good  time**;  it 
gains  a  minute  a  day.  15.  My  watch  has  run  down ; 
I  think  the  mainspring  is  broken.  16.  I  will  have  it 
wound,  cleaned,  and  regulated.  17.  This  watch  has 
excellent  works.  18.  This  watch  key  does  not  fit  my 
watch.  19.  Will  you  repair  my  watch?  20.  The 
hour  hand  is  broken,  and  the  works  are  out  of  order. 
21.  The  case  is  of  silver,  but  the  chain  is  of  gold.  22. 
I  wish  to  buy  a  bracelet  and  a  diamond  ring.  23. 
This  stone  is  genuine  and  the  pearls  are  real,  too ;  but 
these  earrings  and  bracelets  are  imitation. 

EXERCISE  XXXIV. 

1.  A  few  buttons  are  wanting  on  my  coat,  and  the 
seam  has  ripped  in  two  places.  2.  Where  is  there  a 
tailor  who  does  mending^?  3.  I  wish,  also,  to  have 
these  shoes  fixed.  4.  Where  does  the  shoemaker 
live  ?  He  is  to  put  new  soles  on  these  shoes,  and  repair 
the  heels.  5.  Will  you  take  my  measure,  and  make 
me  a  pair  of  shoes?  6.  Make  the  shoes  somewhat 
easy  over  the  instep.     7.  I  wish  fine  leather  for  the 


COLLOQUIAL  GERMAN.  33 

uppers,  and  thick  soles^  8.  Make  them  according  to 
the  fashion,  neither  pointed  nor  square,  and  not  with 
high  heels.  9.  I  would  like  to  have  a  pair  of  pumps 
made.  10.  I  wish  them  to  fit  exactly,  but  not  to  pinch. 
11.  These  shoes  are  too  tight;  make  the  others  so 
that  they  will  be  comfortable'.  12.  Sir,  you  will  be 
satisfied  with  me ;  I  will  serve  you  according  to  your 
desire*.  13.  There  comes  the  tailor,  do  you  wish  to 
see  him?  14.  Yes,  have  him  come  in.  15.  Have 
you  samples  of  fine  cloth?  16.  What  color  do  you 
wish?  17.  I  wish  French  cloth  of  good  quality,  and 
I  prefer  blue.  18.  This  cloth  is  fine,  smooth,  and 
durable;  how  much  is  it  a  yard?  19.  Make  me  a 
pair  of  trousers,  two  vests,  and  a  coat.  20.  Take  my 
measure  for*^  a  suit.  21.  I  must  have  them,  without 
fail,  on  Friday.  22.  Send  them  to  my  residence  for 
me.  23.  I  will  try  on  the  trousers  and  the  coat.  24. 
The  trousers  fit  me^  well,  but  the  coat  is  too  tight 
under  the  arms,  does  not  fit  in  the  waist',  and  does  not 
sit  well  here.  25.  Those  are  slight  defects ;  one  can 
easily  remedy  them.  26.  The  fashion  changes  often; 
trousers  are  not  worn  so  wide  now  as  three  months 
ago. 

EXEBCISE  XXXV. 

1.  Are  you  the  laundress?  2.  I  have  some  soiled 
linen  to  give  you.  3.  I  have  made  a  little  parcel  of 
it,  and  have  written  out  the  list.  4.  The  collars, 
cuffs,  and  shirts  must  be  white  and  well  ironed.  5. 
Bring  back  the  washing  promptly  at  six  o'clock 
Wednesday  evening,  without  fail,  because  I  intend 
to  go  ^way  iinmediately  thereafter,     6 .  Also,  bring  the 


34  COLLOQIHAL  GERMAN. 

bill  at  the  same  time;  I  will  pay  it.  7.  Has  the 
laundress  brought  back  my  linen  ?  8.  Yes,  I  laid  it 
on  a  chair  in  your  room.  9.  Are  there  bathrooms* 
here  in  the  house  ?  10.  I  should  like  to  take  a  warm 
bath;  cold  baths  I  do  not  like.  11.  I  wish  to  bathe  at 
once;  how  warm  is'^  the  water?  12.  Here  is  a  bath- 
ing gown  and  two  towels.  13.  There  are  several 
swimming  schools  in  the  city,  but  I  have  neither  the 
time  nor  the  desire  to  learn  to  swim.  14.  I  look 
sick,  and  in  fact  I  am  not  well.  15.  I  do  not  know 
what  is  the  matter  with  me.  16.  Do  you  know  an 
American  physician?     17.  I  wish  to  send  for'  him. 

18.  Is  there  a  drug  store  in  the  vicinity  of  the  hotel  ? 

19.  Yes,  at  the  end  of  the  street.  20.  I  do  not  like 
to  take  medicine,  I  hope  it  will  not  be  serious*.  21. 
Here  is  a  barber's  shop ;  I  will  step  in  and  have  my 
hair**  cut.  22.  All  right,  I  will  wait  for  you  in  Cafe 
Bauer.  23.  Hair  cut,  please!  24.  Cut  my  hair, 
please.  25.  Shave  me.  26.  I  wish  to  be  shaved^ 
27.  Shave  my  whole  face'.  28.  Leave^  only  my 
mustache.  29.  My  beard  is  harsh  and  my  face  some- 
what tender;  take  your  sharpest  razor.  30.  Your 
razor  is  not  sharp  enough,  it  pulls'.     31.  How  much"? 

EXERCISE  XXXVI. 

1.  Excuse  me,  how  do  I  get  to^  Dorothy  street? 
2.  Go  one  block  straight  ahead,  then  it  is  the  first 
street  at  the  right.  3.  Does  this  street  lead  to  the 
castle  ?  4.  It  does  not  lead  there ;  you  are  going  in 
the  opposite  direction.  5.  Which  is  the  nearest  way 
to  the  ethnological  museum  ?     6,  Turn  about  and  take 


COLLOQUIAL  GERMAN.  35 

the  first  street  on  the  left.  7.  I  am  not  acquainted 
with'^  this  part  of  the  city ;  is  this  the  way  to  Belle 
Alliance  Square  ?  8.  How  far  is  it  from  here  to  the 
Tiergarten?  9.  About  a  half  hour's  walk;  go  up 
this  street,  and  turn  to  the  right.  10.  How  do  you 
go  from  here  to' the  opera  house?  11.  You  cannot 
miss  the  way;  go  down  this  street,  then  to  the  left. 
12.  Unter  den  Linden  is  a  very  busy  street.  13.  Let 
us  go  over  to  the  other  side.  14.  Let  us  go  across. 
15.  Let  us  go  over  the  pavement.  16.  We  will  cross 
the  castle  bridge.  17.  The  sidewalks  in  Berlin  are 
good  and  broad.  18.  Driver,  this  way!  Are  you 
engaged?  19.  We  will  take  you  by  the  hour*.  20. 
Drive  up  William  street,  across  Paris  Square,  and 
into  the  Tiergarten.  21.  Drive  slowly,  we  are  not 
in  a  hurry.  22.  We  have  driven  for  two  hours.  23. 
We  have  taken  a  drive  of  two  hours  and  a  quarter. 
24.  Show  me  your  schedule  of  fares;  you  ask  too 
much.  25.  Here  is  your  fee.  26.  On  my  word,  I 
am  tired.  27.  When  one  has  his  room  in  the  fourth 
story,  it  would  be  more  convenient  to  ride  up  in  an 
elevator.  28.  I  do  not  like  to  climb  so  many  stairs. 
29.  In  America  all  good  hotels  have  elevators,  but  in 
Germany  elevators  are  seldom  to  be  found.  30. 
Here,  too,  they  go  up  very  slowly. 

EXERCISE  XXXVn. 

1.  What  shall  we  do  this  evening?  2.  I  am  going 
to  the  theater,  will  you  go  with  me  ?  3.  Is  there  a 
play  this  evening^?  4.  What  is  to  be  given?  5. 
What  is  the  play  about^?     Is  it  in  prose  or  in  verse? 


36  COLLOQUIAL  GERMAN. 

6.  There  is  no  play  this  evening*.  7.  William  Tell 
will  be  played  to-night.  8.  Which  is  the  best  theater 
here?  9.  I  consider  the  German  Theater  the  best* 
for  tragedies,  dramas,  and  comedies,  but  the  Royal 
Theater  is  good.  10.  There  are  now  twenty-five 
theaters  in  Berlin.  11.  What  time  does  the  theater 
begin?  12.  The  play  begins  at  six  o'clock.  13. 
When  is  it  over''  ?  14.  When  is  it  through*  ?  15.  Is 
the  company  good?  16.  To  be  sure;  it  is  a  perma- 
nent troop.  17.  Have  you  secured  your  tickets  yet? 
18.  When  is  the  ticket  office  open?  19.  Can  you  get 
me  a  ticket  for'  the  first  row  of  the  second  gallery  ? 
20.  Which  are  the  best  seats?  21.  I  have  taken  a 
box  in  the  first  circle.  22.  My  friend  has  subscribed 
for  a  box  in  the  Royal  Opera  House.  23.  Can  one 
get  reserved  seats  ?  24.  Yes,  but  you  must  buy  your 
tickets  in  advance,  at  the  day  office.  25.  In  the  ad- 
vance sale  of  seats  you  must  pay  fifty  pfennigs  extra". 
26.  They  are^  cheaper  at  the  door^°.  27.  One  can 
get  reserved  seats  in  the  parquet.  28.  What  do  the 
seats  in  the  parquet  cost  ?  29.  Give  me  a  seat  in  a 
box. 

EXERCISE  XXXVin. 

1.  I  bave  brought  the  text  with  me,  but  we  have 
no  program ;  will  you  not  get  one  ?  2.  You  have  no 
opera  glass;  I  wonder  if  I  can  rent^  one.  3.  Please 
lend  me  your  opera  glass.  4.  May  I  ask  you  for  your 
program  a'^  moment  ?  5.  The  audience  is  small'.  6. 
There  is  a  large  audience\  7.  The  house  is  full;  it 
is  always  well  patronized  by  the  better  classes*.  8. 
The  German  Theater  is  a  very  popular  theater;  every 


COLLOQUIAL  GERMAN.  37 

seat  is  frequently  sold^.  9.  In  Berlin  fashionable 
women^  go  in  the  parquet  as  well  as*  in  the  boxes, 
but  in  several  Paris  theaters  women  are  not  admitted 
to*  the  parquet ;  they  go  mostly  in  the  boxes  of  the 
first  or  second  circle.  10.  In  this  program  are  given 
the  names  of  all  tha  actors  in  all  the  theaters  for  this 
evening.  11.  Have  you  seen  the  list  of  plays  for  the 
coming  week?  12.  Who  plays  the  principal  role  in 
this  piece?  13.  I  do  not  know  the  names  of  the 
actors,  so  I  will  buy  a  program.  14.  In  Germany 
Shakespeare's  plays  are  often  given.  15.  What  is 
the  name  of  the  actress  who  plays  Juliet  to-morrow 
night?  16.  The  musicians  are  all  there;  the  over- 
ture will  soon  begin.  17.,  Be  quiet'"!  The  curtain 
is  rising.  18.  The  scenery  and  the  costumes  are 
wondrously  beautiful.  19.  The  background  repre- 
sents an  Alpine  scene.  20.  The  chandelier  is  mag- 
nificent; they  have  electric  lights  here.  21.  Who  is 
the  author  of  the  play  ?  22,  The  play  was  given  last 
week  for  the  first  time,  and  was  received  with  great 
applause.  23.  The  author  and  the  principal"  actors 
are  called  out  repeatedly  every  evening, 

EXERCISE  XXXIX. 

1.  I  have  been  told  that  Mr.  Ritter,  who  plays  the 
role  of  Hamlet,  was  hissed.  2.  He  is  excellent  in 
comedy,  but  is  not  fitted  for  tragic  roles.  3,  This 
f  actress  is  beautiful  and  has  a  charming  voice,  but  her 
acting  is  not  natural.  4.  It  is  her  first  appearance, 
hence  she  is  somewhat  embarrassed.  5.  And  yet  she 
receives  an  enormous  salary,  and  is  engaged  for  two 
years.     6.  To-morrow  she  will  appear  as  Joan  of  Arc 


38  COLLOQUIAL  GERMAN. 

in  the  Maid  of  Orleans.  7.  The  actors  do  not  know 
their  parts  by  heart ;  they  stand  always  close  to  the 
prompter's  box.  8.  One  can  even  hear  the  prompter 
read  the  parts ;  it  is  not  at  all  pleasant  to  hear  a  thing 
like  that^.  9.  Now  the  curtain  falls;  the  heat  here  is 
unbearable;  shall  we  not  go  into  the /oyer. ^  10.  Let 
us  go  there.  11.  Which  is'*  the  way  to  the  crush 
room?  12.  Wait  a  moment,  I  wish  to  leave  my  hat 
and  overcoat  in  the  cloakroom.  13.  In  the  foyer 
and  in  the  passage-ways  it  is  crowded  full ;  it  is  not 
pleasant  to  push  about  in  so  great  a  crowd.  14.  Let 
us  go  into  the  theater  cafe  and  take  a  little  refresh- 
ment ;  we  have  still  time  to  take  an  ice  or  a  dish  of  ice 
cream,  for  the  intermission  lasts  a  quarter  of  an  hour. 
15.  The  intermission  will  be  over  directly,  let  us  go 
in  again.  16.  Let  us  go  back  to  our  places,  the  bell 
already  has  rung*. 

EXERCISE  XL. 

1.  I  should  like  to  hear  some  good  singing;  what  is 
to  be  given  in  opera  to-day?  2.  This  evening  a 
comic  opera  is  to  be  given,  but  to-morrow  Tannhauser 
will  be  produced.  3.  Yesterday  Miss  Kleist  sang  in 
Faust;  she  is  a  magnificent  singer.  4.  The  first 
soprano,  the  tenor,  and  the  bass  were  all  excellent. 
5.  I  did  not  like  the  duet,  but  the  solo,  at  the  end  of 
the  second  act,  and  the  choruses  exceeded  my  expecta- 
tions. 6.  Shall  we  go  to^  the  concert  or  to'  the  ball? 
7.  I  like  to  dance,  let  us  rather  go  to  the  ball.  8. 
Here  we  are  in  the  dancing  hall.  9.  They  already 
are  engaging  partners,  please  present  me  to  your 
sister.     10.  Miss  Menzel,  may  I  ask  you  for  the  honor 


COLLOQUIAL  GERMAN.  39 

of  dancing  the  next  waltz  w^ith  you  ?  11.  I  am  sorry, 
but  I  am  already  engaged.  12.  I  never  dance 
waltzes,  but  I  have  a  quadrille  unengaged.  13.  May 
I  offer  you  my  arm  ?  14.  It  is  late ;  the  company  is 
breaking  up,  we  must  take  our  leave. 

15.  The  lectures  at  the  university  begin  this  week. 
16.  I  am  going  to  attend  the  university.  17.  I  shall 
study  philosophy,  but  my  friend  is  studying  law. 
18.  I  have  already  elected  my  courses.  19.  I  am  at- 
tending the  lectures  of  Professor  Wagner  on'*  political 
economy ;  he  has  a  large  audience.  20.  I  have  passed 
my  examination,  and  soon  I  shall  graduate.  21.  My 
friend  failed  at  his  examination,  and  his  chum  was 
expelled.  22.  The  young  man  was  a  freshman.  23. 
Student  life  in  Germany  is  very  different  from  that  in 
the  United  States. 

EXERCJISE  XT,T. 

1.  Go  to  the  bookdealer's  and  get  me  a  German 
dictionary  and  a  guide  to^  Berlin.  2.  I  must  make  a 
few  purchases.  3.  Perhaps  one  may  know*  by'  my 
accent  that  I  am*  a  foreigner.  4.  What  store  do  you 
recommend  for  the  purchase  of  linen  ?  5.  It  is 
better  to  buy  in  the  large  stores ;  there  they  have  fixed 
prices.  6.  How  much  does  that  cost  ?  7.  How  much 
do  you  ask  for  that?  8.  What  is  the  price  of  it?  9. 
How  dear  is  that?  10.  That  is  very  high.  11.  That 
is  not  cheap.  12.  It  seems  that  you  overcharge.  13. 
Have  you  nothing  better?  14.  That  is  not  what  I 
wish^  15.  I  think  that  too  dear.  16.  I  would  like 
to  see  the  latest  that  you  have.  17.  That  is  the  latest 
there  is,  and  it  is  very  tasty.     18.  If  you  will  not  let 


40  COLLOQUIAL  GERMAN. 

it  go  for  less',  I  will  not  take  it.  19.  I  am  giving  it 
to  you  at  cost ;  I  cannot  give  it  to  you  for  less.  20. 
We  will  split  the  difference.  21.  I  cannot  do  that; 
we  sell  only  at  fixed  prices.  22.  Where  is  the  silk 
department?  23.  On  the  other  side,  please.  24. 
Will  you  show  me  some  silk  gloves  of  various  colors  ? 
25.  Take  the  trouble  to  go  up  one  story'.  26.  This 
pair  is  too  large  and  this  too  small.  27.  What  size 
do  you  wear?  28.  Will  you  allow  me  to  try  on  this 
pair?  29.  I  will  take  these.  30.  How  much  does 
that  make  all  together?  31.  I  will  pay  you  for  them 
at  once.  32.  Where  shall  I  send  the  things  ?  33. 
Here  is  your  change* ;  I  thank  you  very  much.  34. 
Can  you  send  them  to  the  hotel  for  me  ?  35.  When 
can  I  have  them?  36.  I  must  have  them  Monday 
evening.  37.  Will  you  pack  them  for  me  in  a  box? 
38.  My  address  is  Belle vue  street,  number  twenty- 
three,  second  story.  39.  Where  is  the  cash  counter? 
40.  Please  give  me  a  receipted  bill.  41.  I  must  go 
home  at  once  and  pack  my  trunk ;  to-morrow  morn- 
ing at  five  o'clock  I  shall  leave  for  Paris.  42.  I  am 
delighted  with  Berlin,  and  would  like  to  remain 
longer ;  but  my  leave  of  absence  is  at  an  end  and  I  must 
go.  43.  Tell  the  waiter  he  is  to  awaken  me  at  four 
o'clock,  I  depend  upon  him.  44.  Engage  a  cab  in 
time,  and  have  my  things  brought  down.  45.  Be  so 
kind  as  to  make  out  my  bill.  46.  I  have  already 
made  it  out.  47.  That  is  not  quite  right®;  these 
things  I  have  not  received,  and  for  one  week  I  have 
already  paid.  48.  You  are  right,  I  made  a  mistake 
there.  49.  Here  is  the  money;  is  that  right?  50. 
Quite  right.     Allow  me  to  receipt  and  stamp  the  bill. 


MOTES  TO  EXERCISES. 


The  Roman  numerals  (11, ^  etc.)  refer  to  the  number  of  the 
Exercise.  The  Arabic  figures  (1,  etc.)  to  the  superior  figures 
(»)  in  the  body  of  the  Exercises. 


n.  1,  ettt)a§  5(nbere6.  2.  bei  i^m,  3.  tiid^t  tual^r?  4.  giebt. 
5.  Use  the  present  tense.    6.  t)on  mir. 

in.  1,  Sic  gc^fg  3l)nen?  2.  2BaS  ma(]&t  er?  3.  Bei.  1 
bag  id^. 

IV.  1.  ^affce  mit  Tlild}.    2.  Gotten.    3.  funfgig  (^fennigc). 

V.  1.  (jeigt.  2.  auf.  3.  2)od)  (or  OTerbingg).  4.  bag  id).  5. 
tnac^t.    6.  baran  fc^ulb,  ha^. 

VI.  1.  ftel^t.    2.  fc^on.    3.  no6)  immer.    4.  e8  l^at  gefUngelt 

5.  ftc^t.    6.  tjoran'.    7.  bagu. 

VIII.  1.  Tlan  beutete  mit  ben  5Vingern  auf  i^m  2.  ^dj  freuc 
mid^  auf. 

IX.  1.  bag  er. 

X.  1.  njirb.    2.  Bei  un8  jur  ©eirol^n^eit. 

XI.  1.  3n  mldjem  Tlomt  ^tt^^m  tt)ir?  or  Setd^en  momt 
l^aben  tuir? 

xn.    1.  tjon  ber  $Regenfeite.    2.  tjor.    3.  §eute  ift  S^autretter. 
XIII.    1.  SSie  tJiel.    2.  uad^.    3.  uacf).    4.  gef)t  iu^.    5.  nteffe. 

6.  ift  fd^on. 

xrv.    1.  Bei  3]^neu.    2.  mit.     3.  mit.    4.  baueru.    5.  ttjenu, 

XV.  1.  Bei.    2.  @ebrau(J)te  @ad^en. 

XVI.  1.  SSie  t3ie(  bie  Gillette?  2.  Baggage  is  not  checked  as 
with  lis ;  but  a  receipt,  or  printed  slip,  is  given,  with  which 
the  owner  reclaims  baggage  at  destination.  3.  fiir  fed^S  Tlaxt 
UBergetDid^t.    4.  fur  9^irf)trauc^er. 

41 


42  NOTES  TO  EXERCISES. 

XVn.  1.  @i^en  @ie  tiebcr.  2,  e8  Jet^t  fid)  bequem.  3.  In 
Germany  what  we  call  the  front  seat  is  called  the  9iu(f ft^,  and  the 
back  seat  the  35orberfi^,  since  they  name  the  seat  from  the  posi- 
tion of  the  one  occupying  it,  as  riding  backwards  or  as  facing  the 
front.    4.  nirgenb^,    5.  I^alten,    6.  gum,   7,  Tlan  fttjt  fe^r  eng. 

XVIII.  1.  Uegen.  2.  auf.  3,  ttjo  tnerben  bie  SBagen  gc* 
tt)ed)fett?    4  Berliner  ^vlq.    5.  33itte,  erlauben  @ie  mir. 

XIX.  1.   beforbert     2.   2Bo  ift  eg  gu  l)aben?     3.  au«fteigen. 

XX.  1.  ha^  ^erfoiiaL  2.  In  Germany  the  first  floor,  or 
ground  floor,  is  called  (Srbgefd^og,  or  parterre,  and  is  not 
counted  in  numbering  the  stories.  Hence  our  third  floor  is 
called  second  story  in  German. 

XXI.  1.  fiir  bie  iBenu^ung  beg  vgd^Iaftuaggotig.  2.  an  ben 
3ug  nadj,    3.  fdjon  toon  ^affel  ber.    4.  gteic^.    5.  bl«  §eibe(berg. 

6.  So  finbet  ber  Sagenmed^fel  ftatt? 

XXII.  1.  gine  l)a(be  (Stunbe  gn  %n%  2.  mn  melc^em  Ont* 
nibug  lomme  id)  nad)  ? 

XXIII.  1.  auf.  2.  ftecfen  laffen.  3.  2Ba«  foftet  bie  gtafdftc? 
4.  Je  nat^.    5,  fie  ntoge. 

XXIV.  1.  fomme  erft  fpat  trieber  priid.  2.  fttr  nlemanb.  3. 
betrdgt.    4,  bap. 

XXV.  1.  5Bor  attem.  2,  eine  3JJar!  fiinf^ig.  3.  eiuftetgen.  4. 
augfteigen.    5.  i6)  ^abe  etmag  p  beforgen. 

XXVI.  1.  5lmt  fiir  bie  poftlagernben  iBriefe.     2.   bie  nnge* 

niigenb  franfierten  53riefe  trerben  n)ie tajriert.    3.  33ricf* 

marfen  in,  (or  a),  3tt)angig  pfennig.    4.   ©ingefd^ricbenc  ^riefe 
gal^ten.    5.  gemad^t. 

XXVII.  1.  mit  um'ge^enber  ^oft 

XXVIII.  1.  nacf).  2.  ma§>  foftet  bag  (5:ouoert,  (or  ©ebecf),  an 
ber  table  d'hote  ?    2.  53rot  na(^  ^elieben. 

XXIX.  1.  2Senn  i6)  bitten  barf.  2.  ^eineg  Don  beiben,  or 
^eibeg  m(3^t.    3.  bagn.    4.  pm. 

XXX.  1.  fd^on  lange.    2.  Sag  ftel)t  9^eueg.    3.  ftnb 

erfd^iencn.    4.  @te^t.    5.  lange.    6.  fd)(afen  @ie  njol^t. 

XXXI.  1.  ©ang  in  ber  m\)e.  2.  bnrd^  teregra^)^ifd^e  %n^ 
ttjeifung. 

XXXn.  1.  So  ttjo^nt.  2.  bei  il)m.  3.  S3ei.  4.  Sie  bercc^- 
nen  @ic  ben  S)oUar  ?    5.  oon.    6.  Sie  t)ie(  gilt  cin  SDoUar  ^ier  ? 

7.  Sic  t)icl  rec^nen  @ie  2)ig!ont  ? 


NOTES  TO  EXERCISES.  43 

XXXni.  1.  auf.  2.  auggefteEt.  3.  ouf  bie  2)aucr  tjon  cincm 
3a^r.    4,  ©d^reiben  @ie.    5.  fie  ge^t  iud)t  rid^tig. 

XXXrV.  1.  ber  3lu6beffernngen  ubernimmt.  2.  ^d)  njunfd^c 
bag  Oberleber  fcln,  unb  bie  @o^(en  blcf.  3.  ha^  fte  ntlr  gonj 
bequem  fifeen.  4.  tiac^  SKunfc^.  5.  ju.  6.  fi^en  ntlr.  7.  fd^tlegt 
nid^t  in  ber  !£aitte. 

XXXV.  1.  SBaber.    2.  SSie  biel  ®rab  l)at.    3.  l^olen  laffen. 

4.  toon  iBebentung.    5.  ntir  ba8  §aar.    6.  mic^  barbieren  (or  ra* 

fieren)  (ju)  laffen.    7.  ben  ganjen  33art.    8.  li!affen  @ie 

fte^en.    9.  e§  reigt  micft.    10.  3Ba§  befommen  @ie  ? 

XXXVI.  1.  SBo  fommc  idft  nacf).  2.  in.  3.  2So  ge^t  e8  ftler 
nac!^.    4.  nad^  ber  3cit. 

XXXVn.  1.  3ft  l^cntc  Xljtattx?  2.  SBoDon  l^anbett  ba8 
@tM?    3.  S8  mirb  ^ente  nid)t  gefpielt.    4.  fiir  bie  beftc  SBul^ne. 

5.  gn  (Snbe.     6.  an8.     7.   in.    8.   Suf^'^OQ-    9.   fommen.     10. 
5Ibenb!affc. 

XXXVin.  1.  getieljen  befommen.  2.  auf  einen.  3.  S)a« 
$au8  ift  ft^ted^t  befetjt.  4.  !J)a«  §ang  ift  ftar!  befetjt.  5.  tJon  ber 
tjorne^men  SBelt.  6.  e§  tDirb  ^aufig  au«t)erfanft.  7.  bie  2)amen 
ber  f einen  ^tlt  8.  fott)o^I  in«  ^arfett  a(8.  9.  in.  10.  (StiU! 
11.  bebeutenbern. 

XXXIX.  1.  fo  ctnjaS.  2.  2Bo  fii^rt.  3.  e6  l^at  fd^on  gc=» 
ntngclt. 

XL.    1.  in.    2.  anf.    3.  iiber. 

XLI.  1.  gii^rer  burd^.  2.  ntirf)  erfennen.  3.  an.  4.  a(§.  5. 
ha^  ®ctt)iinf^te.  6.  billiger.  7.  iBemii^en  @ic  fid^  einc  Strcp^jc 
J^od^.  8,  §ier  ift  ttJaS  @ie  l^erauSbefommen.  9.  S)a«  fiimmt  nic^t 
ganj. 


VOCABULARY. 


After  a  noun  are  given  the  gender,  the  formation  of 
the  genitive  singular  (excepting  feminines),  and  the 
nominative  plural,  if  in  use.  A  dash  indicates  that 
the  nominative  plural  is  the  same  as  that  of  the  sin- 
gular. Verbs  having  irregular  forms  are  so  marked, 
and  given  in  the  list  at  the  close  of  the  vocabulary. 
The  auxiliary  is  given  when  the  verb  takes  feiti  only. 
The  abbreviations  used  are : 


ace,   accusative 

adj,   adjective 

adv,   adverb 

conj.   conjunction 

dat.   dative 

ded.   declined,  declension 

Eng,   English 

/.   feminine 

fr.    from 

Fr.   French 

gen.   genitive 

imp.   impersonal(ly) 

indcl.    indeclinable 

insep.   inseparable 

inter,   interrogative 

intr.    intransitive 

irreg.   irregular 


m.   masculine 
n.   neuter 
nom.   nominative 
part  participle,  participial 
pers.   person 
pi.   plural 
pref.   prefix. 
prep.    preposition(s) 
pro.    pronoun 

pron.  pronounce,  pronunciation 
reg.   regular 
rel.    relative 
B.  B.   railroad 
sing,    singular 
sep.   separable 
tr.   transitive 
10.   with 
44 


VOCABULARY. 


45 


a,  an,  cin,  elite,  ein. 

aboard,    all   —  I    eln'fielgen ! 

irreg.  (fein). 
abou^  iingefdl)r'. 
aboye,  up  stairs,  obeiu 
abscond,  burdi'brennen,  irreg. 

{intr.y  fein),  auS'treten,  irreg. 

(fein). 
absence,  ^Ib'irefen'^eit, /. 
absent,  ab 'njefenb. 
accent,  2(u§'fpra(^e,  /. 
accept,  acceptle'rcn. 
accident,     Uu'gliicfSfall,     m. 

-{t%  pi  -fallc. 
accommodate,    un'terbringen, 

irreg, 
accommodation(s),      i8ett)ir'= 

tung,   /.,  pi.  -en. 
according  to,  na6),prep.  w.  dat. 
accastom,    gettjo^nen    {to,    an 

10.  ace). 
acquaintance,  to  make  one's 

— ,  feiineu  {irreg.)  lerneiu 
acquainted,  b efannt,  par^.  adj. 

(Jr.  befeunen). 
acquire,   ertDerben,  irreg. 
across,    l)iuu'beiv  adv.  or  sep. 

pref.  /    iiber,  prep.  lo.  dat.  or 

ace. ,  adv. ,  sep.  or  insep.  pref. 
act,  ^anbedi ;  fpielen.    Hft,  fn. 

-eg,  pi  -e. 
acting,  @plel,  n.  -e8,  pi  -c. 
actor,    ©c^au'jpleler,    m.    -«, 

actress,  @c^au'fpleterln,  /.,  p/. 

-imten. 
add    (J>y  pouring),    ju'glegen, 

irregr. 
additional  charge,  5luf'jc^(ag, 

m.    -e§,    pi    -j^tcige,    3u% 

irf)(ag,  m. 


(a    question),    xidjtm 

{to,  an,  w,  ace).    ^Ibrel'fe,/., 

pi  -n,  %n\'\&\x\\i,  f.jpl  -en, 

ii'berfc^rift,  /.,  pi  -en. 
addressed,  the  one  — ,  2[bre[= 

fat',  m.  -en,  pi  -en. 
admission,  ^i^'trltt,  m. -(e)6; 

—  ticket  (Sin'trittSfarte,  /., 

pi  -n. 
admit,   gn'Iaffen,  irreg. 
adyance,  fteigen,  irreg.  (feln); 

in—,  tjor^er' ;  —sale,  iBor'* 

oerfanf,  m.  -(e)§,  p?.  -!dnfe. 
adyantageous(ly),  t)or'teiI^aft» 
adyise,  raten,  irreg.  {dat,), 
affair,  @a(^e,/.,  p?. -n  ;  Sin'* 

gelegen^eit,  /.,  pZ.  -en. 
after,  nad^bem',  conj. ;    nadj, 

prep,    w,     dat.,     adv.,     sep. 

pref, 
afternoon,     ^hd^'ntittag,    m. 

-(e)«,  pi  -e. 
afterwards,  nad^^er'. 
again,   n^ieber,  adv.,  sep,  or 

insep,  pref 
age,  ^(ter,  n.  -«,  pi  -;  of  — , 

munblg ;   ten  years  of  — , 

ge^n  3a^re  alt. 
ago,  t)or,  prep.  w.  dat.  ;  three 

TFceks  ago  yesterday,  geftevn 

uor  brei  SBoc^en. 
ah,  a6)\ 
ahead,    tjoran',  t>orau§',  adv. 

or  sep.  pref;  straight  — ,  ge= 

rabe  au«. 
air,  ?uft,  /.,  pi  Siiftc. 
air  brake,  ^nft'bremfe,  /.,  pi 

-n. 
all,   all,  gang ;  all  the  same, 

el'nerlel,     alleS     eto;     {the 

whole)  ber  gange,  &c. 


46 


VOCABULARY. 


allow,  geflatten,  ertauben  (both 

used  w.  dot,  of  pers.  and  ace, 

of  thing)  y-  betnlttigeit. 
almost,  faft. 
alone,  alleiu'. 
along,    entlaug',    adv.,  prep., 

commonly    follows     ace.     or 

gen. 
Alpine  scene,   Wptn\ctm,  /., 

pi  -\u 
already,  fc^on,  bereit^'. 
also,  aiic^. 
always,  immer. 
ambassador,  ©efaixbte,  m.  -n, 

pi.  -n. 
America,  %xm'xita,  n.  -6, 
American,  ameri!a'uif(^  ;^me^ 

rifa'ner,  m.  -§,  pi.  -. 
amount    to,     betvagen,    irreg. 

(ace),  fid)  belaufen  (irreg.)  aiif 

w.  ace. 
amusement,   35erguugung,  /., 

pi.  -en ;   place  of  — ,  ^tv- 

guu'gung^ort,  m. -(e)§,  p/. -e, 

-ortcr. 
an,  a,  eln,  elnc,  eitu 
and,  nub. 
anew,  uou  neiiem. 
angry,  to  be  — ,  j^urnen  (with, 

dat). 
announce,  tnelbeu. 
another      (of      same      kind), 

no(^     eln,     eine,     ein ;     (of 

different  kind)  ein  anb(e)rer, 

eine      onb(e)re,      ein      an= 

b(e)re«. 
answer,    beant'morten ;   Qnt'= 

JDorten  (dat.  of  pers.  and  auf 

10.  a>ee.  of  thing).   5lnt'tt)ort, 

/,  pl  -en. 
any,  etrna^ ;  irgenb  ein,  eine, 


ein ;  einige ;  often  not  to  he 

translated;  —  one,  man  (nom, 

sing,   only),    jemanb,     eincr; 

—  thing,  (irgenb)  etnjaS. 
appear,  erfd^einen,  irreg.  (fein), 

auf  treten,  irre^.  (fein). 
appearance,  to  make  one's  — , 

auf'treten,    irreg.   (fein) ;   to 

make  one's  first  — ,  bebii* 

tie'ren.     5luf'treten,    n.    -g, 

ivfinitive  as  noun. 
appetite,  3lppetit',  m.  -(e)§» , 
applause,  iBei'fatt,  m.  -a.^ 
apple,  5lpfel,  m.  -§,  pi  SpfcL 
apply,     ftd^   tt>enben,   irreg.    or 

reg.  (to,  an  w.  aec). 
appointed,    beftimmt   (fr,  be« 

ftimmen). 
approach,  fid)  nd^ern,  dit. 
apricot,  ^prifo'fe,  /.,  pi  -n. 
arise,   auf  fte^en,  irreg.  ([ein) ; 

(of  the  sun)  anf'ge^en,  irreg. 

(fein). 
aristocratic,  tor'ne^nt* 
arm,   5Irm,^  m.  -(e)g,    pi  -t ; 

(sleeve)    |[rme(,    m.    -§,    pi 

around,    um,  prep,    w,    aec, 

adv. ,  sep.  or  insep.  pref. 
arrest,  ^rveft',  m.  -(e)«,  pi  -e. 
arriyal,  3(n'funft,  /. 
arrive,      an'fommen,      irreg. 

(fein). 
art,  —  collection,  ^unft'famm* 

tog,  /.,  pi  -en;  —store, 

^unft'l^anblnng,  /.,  pi  -en. 
article  for  travel,    Wi'\tht^ 

biirfnig,  n.  -iffe«,  pi  -iffe. 
as,  aU,  trie ;  as.  .as,  fo.  .tt)ie, 

a(8;  not  seas,   nid^t  fo.. 

wit. 


VOCABULARY. 


47 


ask,   bitten,  irreg.,  tjcrlangen  ; 

fragen  {for,  after,  nad^);   to 

ask  one  for,  bitten  {ace.  of 

person   and   nm    w.    ace.    of 

thing,  or  ace.  of  thing  and  t)on 

w.  dat.  of  per  s.). 
asleep,  to  be  — ,  {c^Iafcn,  irreg. 
assure,  tterfirf)crn. 
at,   bci,  an,  auf,  ivl,  in,  all  w. 

dat.  ;    {of  time)    gu  w.    dat, 

um  w.  ace. 
attend,  befud)en,  l)oren ;  —  to, 

do,  madden,  beforgen. 
attentive,  auf'merffam. 
attract,  an'gie^en,  irreg. 
awake(n),    auf'road^en   {intr., 

fein) ;  ttjcdten,  tr. 
away,  toeg,  fort,  adv,  or  sep. 

pref. 
audience,  ^nbito'rinm,  n.  -§, 

pi.  -ien. 
author,  S5erfaffer,  m.  -«,  pi,  -. 

back,  n)ie'ber  ba  ;  guriicf',  adv. 
or  sep.  pref. 

background,  §in'tergrnnb,  m. 
-(e)§,  pi.  -griinbe. 

backwards,  riicf'njdrts, 

badly,  fc^ted^t, 

baggage,  ©epacf,  n.  -(e)8,  pi. 
-c;  —  car,  ©epddf'ujagen, 
m.,  -§,  pi.  -  ;  —  room,  ®c- 
pdcf'aufgabc,  /.,  @cpd(f'au«- 
gabe,  /.,  ©cpadf'e^-pebition, 
/.,  pi.  -en ;  —  transportation 
office,    ©epdcf'evpcbition,  /. 

ball,  SBafl,  m.  -c8,  pi  SBdflc. 

balloon,  2uft' ballon  {pron.  on 
05  in  Fr.\  m.  -§,  pZ.  -g. 

bank  Qmsimss),  ^an!,  /.,  p/. 


banker,    SBanquicr',    53anlicr' 

{pron.  ier  as  in  Fr.,  S3an!j[ee'), 

m.  -§,  pZ.  -«. 
banking  business,     ^an!'ge^ 

fd)dft,  n.  -(e)«,  pi.  -e. 
banking  house,  S3an!'^au8,  n. 

-e§,  pi.  -^dnfer. 
bank  note,  iBanf'notc,  /.,  pi 

-n. 
bankrupt,  become  — ,  53an!e« 

rott'  (m.  -(e)«,  pZ.  -e)  maci^en, 
banquet,  33anfett',  n.  -(e) 6,  p?. 

-e ;  ®e(ag(e),  n.  -(e)g,  pi  -e. 
barber's  shop,   §aar'fd^neibc;» 

faton  (pron.  falon  as  in  Fr.), 

m.  -§,  pZ.  -§. 
barrack(s),  ^ajer'nc,/.,  p?.  -n» 
bass  {music),  SBag,  m.  -eS,  p?. 

iBdffe. 
bath,  ^ab,  n.  -c«,  pi  ^dber  ; 

—  room,  ^a'bejimmcr,  n.  -§, 

pi.  -  ;  33ab,  n. 
bathe,  baben. 
bathing  gown,  53a'DcmanteI, 

m.  -g,  pi  -mdntel. 
Bauer,  S3aner  {proper  nam>e), 

m.  -§. 
Bavaria,  iBaicrn,  n.  -8. 
be,  jein,  irreg.  (jcin) ;   njcrbcn, 

irreg.    (fein) ;    fic^    befinben, 

irreg.  /   ftel)en,  irreg. ;  —  (re- 
main) out,  au§  bteibcn,  irreg. 

(jein) ;  —  to,   jotten,  irreg. ; 

how  are  you?   toiz   gent's 

3^ncn? 
bean,  iBo^ne,  /.,  pi  -n. 
bear,  tragcn,  irreg. 
beard,  iBart,  m.  -e«,  pi  Sdrte. 
beautiful,     fd)on ;     very    — , 

iunn'  bcrfc^on,  Je^r  j(i)ou. 
because,  totiU 


48 


VOCABULARY. 


become^  njcrbeu,  irreg.  ([ein,  of, 

am), 
bed,  ^ett,  n.  -e«,  pi  -en. 
bedroom,    ©djlaf simmer,    w. 

-8,  p?.  -. 
beef,  9linb'fleifcf),  n.  -c§   (pZ. 

beefsteak,  iBeeffteaf  (pron,  as 

in  English),  n.  -%,  pi.  -g, 
beer,  iBier,  n.  -c§,  pi,  -e» 
beet,  rote  kiibe,  /.,  pi.  -\u 
before,  fcfjon,  adv.  /  tjor,  prep. 

(0/   time,    w.    dat.);    bet>or', 

t'^tf  conj. 
beforehand,  »orau§\ 
beg,  bitten,  irreg.  {ace.  ofpers. 

and    itm     w.    ace.    of  thing; 

ace,  of  thing  and  \)onw,  dat. 

of  pers.). 
begin,     an'fangen,   irreg.,    be= 

giimen,  irreg. 
beginner,    Sln'fanger,   m.  -§, 

pi.  -, 
Behren,    —   street,    S3e^ren* 

ftrage,/. 
beliere,  glauben,  dat.  of  pers. 
bell,  ^linget,/.,  pi.  -n,  @c^ene, 

f.pl  -ti. 
Belle  Alliance,  SBeHe=5lEiaiice 

{pron.  ^eU=5lEianr). 
BeUeyue,  iBeHetiue  {pron,  ^tm- 

W f  as  in  Fr.). 
belong,  gepreu  (to,  dat.),  an% 

gepren  {to,  dat), 
below,    unten,    adv.;    unter, 

prep,  w.  dat.  or  ace. 
benefit,  for  the  — ,  gum  iSefteiu 
Berlin,   Berlin',  n.  -§;   iBer^ 

U'ner,  indel,  adj. 
berth,  @(f)tafflelle,  /.,  pi.  -it. 
besides,  auger,  prep,  w,  dat. 


best,  befl ;  am  Uebfleu,  adv, 
betoken,  bebeuteu. 
better,  beffer  ;  tieber,  adv, 
between,    s^ifcl}en,    prep,   w, 

dat,  or  ace. 
bid,  —  good  day,  fid^  em^fe^» 

Icu,  irreg. 
bill,    9^ed)uuug,    /.,    pi,  -en ; 

—  of  exchange,   2Sed)je(,  m. 

-QfPl.  -  ;  —  of  fare,  @pei'* 

fefarte,   /.,  pi   -w,    @pei'fe* 

gettel,  m.  -^,  pi  -, 
bind  one's  self  {obligation),  fid) 

Derpflic^ten. 
birthday,  @eburt§'tag,m.-(e)«, 

pi  -e, 
biscuit,   SScig'brotd^en,  n.  -g, 

pi  ~. 
bit,    a  little   bit,    cin    fleiu 

Ujenig,  bi^c^en. 
black  (shoes),  ^ju^en. 
blackberry,    ^rom'beere,  /., 

pi  -n, 
blame,  oerargen,  tierbeufen,  ir- 
reg., hothw.  dat.  of  pers.  and 

ace.  of  thing;  tabcln. 
blanket,  2)e(!e,  /.,  pi  -n, 
block  {in  a  city),    ©trage ,  /., 

pi  -n, 
blooming,       b(uf)enb       (from 

blii^en). 
blotting  paper,  H^ofd) 'papier,  n, 

-g,  pi  -t, 
blow,  tDe^eu. 
board,  to  come  on  — ,  an  iBorb 

fommen,  irreg.  (fein). 
boarding  house,  ^enfion'  (eu 

as  in  Fr.),  /.,  pi    -en,  ^|5eu* 

fionat',  n.  -g,  pi  -e ;  family 

— ,    J^ami'Iien^^enjion',   /., 

J?ami'Uen*$enftonat',  n. 


VOCABULARY. 


49 


Bonn,  33onn,  n.  -«. 

book,  33ud),  n.  -e«,  pi  33ud^er. 

bookdealer,  33ud^'^anbler,  m. 

boot^  @tiefet,  m.  -8,  pZ.  -,  (-n). 

Boston,  Lofton,  n.  -g. 

both,  beibe. 

bottle,  ??lafcf)e,  /.,  pi.  -n. 

bow,  fid^  Derbeugeu  (<o,  Dor  w. 
dat),  fid)  t)erneigen  (to,  tjov 
10.  cZa^.  or  gegen  w.  ace). 

box,  ^ifte,  /.,  pi  -n,  <Bd)ad)- 
Ui,  /.,  pi  -n,  ^aften,  m. 
-^,  pi  -  (^ciften) ;  (on  a  car- 
rmge)  SBorf,  m.  -e§,  pi. 
335 cfe ;  {theater)  !t!oge  (i^.  g, 
Kfce  zh\  /.,  pi.  -n  ;  —  of 
first  circle,  erftc  Slang 'loge, 
/.;  hat  — ,  §ut'fd)ad)tel,  /. 

bracelet,  2lrm' baub,  n.  -(e)§, 
pi  -bditbcr. 

brake^  railway—,  ^rcmfe,/., 
pi  -n. 

branch,  51  ft,  m.  -e6,  p/.  tfle, 

bread,   58rot,  n.  -e«,   pZ.  -e; 


white 


SSeiB'brot,     n./ 


brown—,  ©d^maq'brot,  n.; 

slice  of—  and  butter,  iBut'^ 

tcrbrot,  n. 
break,  brec^en,  trrcsr.;  fpringen, 

irreg.;     gerbrec^cn;     —  np, 

auf'brec^en. 
breakfast^  fruVftiicfen.  griiV* 

ftiicf,  n.  -(e)^,  pi  -e. 
Bremen,  Bremen,  n.  -§.   fn.  -«, 
Bremerhayen,    ^re'merf)afen, 
brigrht,  %t\\,  freunblid^. 
bring,  bringen,  irreg.,  ^o(en ; 

—  with    one,    niit'bringeu; 

—  back,         juriicf 'bvingen ; 

—  down,    l)erun'terbringen ; 


—  np,  l^erauf'bringen. 
brisk,  leb^aft. 

broad,  breit,  njelt. 

brother,  ^ruber,  m.  -g,   pi 

33ruber. 
brush,    biirften,   aug'biirflen; 

—  out,  off,  aug'fegen,  auS'* 
biirften.  ^iirfte,  /.,  pi  n. 

build,  bauen. 

business,  @efd)dft,  n.  -(e)6,  pi 

-e;    iBefcf)artigung,   /.,  'pl 

-en ;    9lnf,    m.  -t^,  pl  -e ; 

@tanb,  m.  -e^,  pZ.  @tanbc. 
busy,  Iebl)aft  {much  frequented). 
but,  aber,  fon'bern,  allein'. 
butter,  iBntter,  _/. 
button,  gu'!nopfen.    ^nopf,  m. 

-eg,  pl  ^nopfe» 
buy,  fan  fen. 
by,  i\\,  an,  auf,  ntlt,  urn,  Don, 

bei. 

cab,  2)rofd^!e,  /.,  pl  -n. 
cabin,  ^ajii'te,  /.,  pl  -n. 
cablegram,    ^a'beltelegramm, 

n.  -^,    pl  -e ;    atlan'tlfd^e 

2)epe(d)'e,  /.,  pl  -n. 
caf(6,  (Safe  {pron.  e  as  in  1<V.), 

n.  -g,  pZ.  -«,  ^af'feel)au6,  n. 

-e§,  pi.  -^aufcr. 
California,  ^alifor'nlen,  n.  -«. 
call,   rnfen,  irreg,;  {he  named) 

I)eij3en,  irreg.;  {name)  nennen, 

irreg.;  —  out,  ^eranS'rufen ; 

—  up,  on'rufen  ;  ^erauf* 
rufen;  —  upon,  befnrf)en; 
{awaken)  njedten.  S3efn(^,  m. 
-(e)3,  pl  -e ;  on  call,  o^nc 
t)or^e'rigc  ^un'bigung,  auf 
SSertangen. 

can,  fonnen,  irreg. 


50 


VOCABULARY. 


capital   (letter)   (grower)    2(n'- 

fangSbuc^ftabe,   m.    -n«,  pi. 

-n,  grower  ^udj'^taht, 
captain,  It^opitdn',  m.  ~«,  pi  -c. 
car,  SBagen,  m.  -«,pZ.  -,  2Bag= 

gon'  {pron.  on  as  in  i^.).  ^' 

-«,  p?.  -g  ;  —  door,  SSa'gen* 

tpr(e),/.,p^-en;  —window, 

SBa'genfenftei',  n.  -«,pZ.  -. 
card  {visiting),  SBijt  tenfarte,/., 

pi.  -n. 
care,  take  — ,  fx6)  in  ad)t  ne^^ 

men,  irreg.  {not  to,  gn). 
carefnl,  t)or'ftrf)tlg;be— ,jt(i^  in 

ad^t  ne^men,  irregr.  (tio^  to,  gn). 
carriage,  SSagen,  m.  -g,  pZ.  -. 
carrot,  9JJo^rc,  /.,  pi  -n,  getbc 

3tube,  f.fpl  -n» 
carry  on,  trelben,  irreg. 
carte,   k  la  — ,   a  la  carte  (e 

mute),  nad)  ber  ^^arte. 
canre,  trand^ic'ren  {Fr,  dj^  like 

sh\  Dor'fd^neiben,  irreg.,  ytx^ 

leg  en. 
case,  ^^^tf  f",pl'  -n;  watcli 

— ,  U^r'ge^aufe,  n.  -8,  pi  -, 
casli,  ouS'ga^Ien.    bare«  @elb  ; 


in 


bar; 


counter, 


Ife,  /.,  p/.  -n. 
cashier,  baffle 'rer,  m.  -«,pi.  -. 
Cassel,  ^af'let,  w.  -§. 
castle,    ®d)Io6,    n.    -e«,   pL 

®d)(offer;— bridge,  @d)Io6'^ 

briide,  /.,  pi.  -n. 
cauliflower,  iBln'menfol^I,  m. 

-(e)g,  pi.  -e. 
cease,    auf'^oren ;    (die  oioay) 

nad^'Iaffen,  irreg. 
central,  central ;  —  office,  den* 

tratftelle, /.,  pi.  -h;  Central 

Hotel^  (Ientra(-§ote(,  n. 


of  cars,  3Sa': 


century,  3al^r^nn'bcrt,  n.  -g, 

pi.  -c. 
ceremony,  Um'ftanbe  i:fn,pl  of 

Umftanb). 
certainly,  genjig  ;  Viiit  fc^r. 
chain,    ^ette,    /.,    pi     -n ; 

watch  — ,  Ul^r'fette,  /. 
chair,     Stn^t,    m.    -c8,    pZ. 

©tu^te. 
chambermaid,     ©tn'benmab* 

(I) en,  n.  -8,    pi  -,  3im'mcr* 

mabd^en,  n. 
chandelier,   ^ron'Iend^ter,  m. 

-§,  pi.  -. 
change,  njedjfeln,  nm'n)e(f)fetn ; 

{the  wind)  firf)  bre{)en ;  um'* 

fteigen,irregr.  (fein);  make—, 

^erane'geben,  irreg.    SJiiinge, 

/.,  pi.  -n  ;  small  — ,  @cf)cl'* 

bemunge,/./ 

gentt)e(|fel,  m.  -8. 
charge,  fe^en  (in,  to,  anf  lo. 

ace),  an'fd)reiben,  irreg,  {dat 

of  pers.  and  ace.  of  thing); 

tajie'ren. 
Charles,  ^art  {proper  name), 

m.  -g. 
charming,  liMiij,  reigenb. 
cheap,  biEig. 

check  {baggage),  ,  ab'geben,  ir- 
reg.   ©epadf'fc^ein,  m.  -(e)§, 

pi  -e. 
cheek,    SBange,    /.,    pi    -n, 

53acfe,  /.,  pi  -n. 
cherry,  ^irfd^e,  f,pl  -n. 
Chicago,  d^icago,  n.  -8. 
chicken,    ^n^n,    n.  -c«,   p^. 

§nl)ner,  ^a^nd^en,  n.  -8,  pi. 

-,  ^u^nd^en,  n.  -8,  pi.  -. 
chocolate,  @(ftoto(a'be,  (£^)o!o* 

la' be  (4  like  sh),  f 


VOCABULARY. 


51 


choice,  2(u«'ma^t,  /. 
choms,    (£^or,    m.     -c«,    pi. 

Christ,    d^rif'tug,    m.   -,    or 

(SI)riftl;    after  Christ,  nac^ 

d^rifti  ©eburt. 
chnm,  ©tu'benburfd^e,  m.  -n, 

pl-n.  @tu'bcnburf(^,  m. -en, 

p/.  -e. 
cipher,  S^iffrc,  /.,  p?.  -n,  ®e* 

l^cim'fdirift,  /.,  p/.  -en, 
circle  (theater),   9^ang,  m.  -e«, 

pi  ^auflc. 
city,  etabt,  /.,  pi.  @tabtc. 
class,  ^(affc,  /.,  pi.  -n  ;  9?ang, 

m.  -e§,  pZ.  ^angc. 
dean,  pu^en,  aud'pu^cn,  rel'= 

nig  en  ;   madden ;   rein,  adj.  ; 

not  — ,  (d)mutjig. 
climb,  ftcigeii;  irreg.  (fein). 
cloakroom,     ©arbero'be,    /., 

pi  -n. 
clock,  Ubr,/,  pZ.  -en,  ilSanb% 

ul^iV  /. ;  o'clock,  Ul)r,  /.  in- 

del 
close,  fd^Ucgen,  irregr.,  ju'ma* 

d^cn ;    (ad;,   or  adv.)    bid)t ; 

bumpfig  ;  [iighty  crovoded)  eng. 
cloth,  2^ud^,  n.  -e8,  p?.  2^iid^er, 

(kinds  of,  -e). 
clothes,  ^Ieibcr(n.  pZ.  of^Ieib). 
cloud,  Sotfc,  /.,  pZ.  -n,  Bolf^ 

(i^cn,  n.  -«,  pi  -. 
coach  (jR.  -B.)>  SBagen,  m.  -«, 

pi.  -,  SSaggon'  (pron.  on  as  in 

i<V.),  m.  -g,  pZ.  -g. 
coachman,    ^utfd^er,    m.    -§, 

p?.-. 
coat,  9io(f,  m.  -e«,  p/.  S^ocfc. 
Coblentz,  ^oblenj,  n. 
CofTee,  ^af'fec^  w.  -«. 


cold,  fait ;  be  — ,  fait  fein,  ir- 
reg. (fcin),  or  frieren,  irreg. 
(used  imp.  w.  ace. ) ;  take  — , 
firf)  erfcilten. 

collar,  ^ragen,  m.  -8,  pi  -. 

collection,  @ammlung,  /.,  pi 
-en. 

collector  of  customs,  3oIl% 
bireftor,  m.  -8,  p?.  -to'ren, 

collide,  anf  einanberftogen,  ir- 
reg. (fein). 

collision,  ^i^f^nt'menftog,  m. 
-eg,  pi  -ftoge. 

Cologne,  ^oln,  n.  -8, 

color,  garbe,  /.,  p?.  -n. 

come,  fommen,  irreg.  (fein) ; 
Itjerben,  irreg.  (fein);  —  back, 
gurucf'fommen  ;  —  again, 
tDie'berfommen;  —  along, 
with,  ntit'fommcn;  — in, 
l^erein'fommen  ;  —  on,  ap- 
proach, ^eran'nal^en ;  — 
to  meet,  entge'genfommen 
(dal) ;  (take  one*s  hirth,  de- 
soenf)  ftammen  (fein, /r.  an8, 
tjon);  —  in!  l^erein'I  com- 
ing, fnnftig,  adj. 

comedy,  li!nft'fpie(,  n.  -e8,  pi 
-e. 

comfortable,  bequem'. 

comic,  fomifd^. 

commode,  ^omnto'be,/.,pZ.  -n. 

company,  dompagnie'  (Fr, 
pron.),  ^om\)amt',f.ypl  -n ; 
Zxn\iptJ.,pl  -n,®efeU'fci^aft, 
/.,  pi  -en ;  (a  party)  ©efell'* 
fcfiaft,  /. 

compartment  (R.  B.),  (Eoup^ 
(pron.  e  as  in  Fr.),  n.  -8,  pi 
-8 ;  —  for  women,  S)a'mcn* 
cou|)e,  71, 


52 


VOCABULARY. 


complain,    ftd^    beftagen    (o/, 

uber). 
completely,  tJoEfom'men,  boE'= 

ftcinbig. 
complexion,  Xcint  {Fr.  pron.\ 

m.  -g,  pi.  -§,  ©eftc^tS'farbc, 

/.,  p?.  -n. 
concert,  ^onj^ert',  Concert',  n. 

-(e)§,  p?.  -e. 
conductor,  @d^affner,  m.    -8, 

P^'  ->  3ii9'fii^i^^^V  1^'  -^^  P^' 

-,  ^onbufteur'  {pron.  eur  as 

m  i^r.,  =  or  nearly),  m.  -§, 

pi  -t,  -8. 
confiscate,  in  33efrf)Iag  nel^men, 

irreg, 
connection  {K  B,\  2tn'frf)Iu6, 

m.  -eg,  pZ.  -jd^liiffe  {withy   an 

w.  ace). 
consider,  I}alten  (irreg.)  fiir. 
consul,  toilful,  m.  -§,  pZ.  -n. 
consult,  beraten,  irregf. 
contain,  entbalten,  irreg. 
continue,  fort'fa^ren,  irreg. 
contrary,  on  the  — ,  im  @e^ 

gentell,  n. 
conyenient,  bequem', 
conyersation,     Unter'^artung, 

f.,pl.  -en. 
conyersationallan^age,  Um% 

gang6fprad)e,/.,  pi  -n. 
conyince,  iibergeu'gen. 
Cook,  ^01^  (proper  name),  m.  -8. 
copy,  ab'fd^relben,  irreg.     5Ib'= 

\djx\^t,f,ypl  -en. 
cord,  ©d^nur,  /.,  p?.  ©c^niire, 

-en, 
cork,  ^fropfen,  m.  -8,  pZ.  -, 

$fropf,  m.   -e8,  pZ.  -e ;    — 

screw,    ^frop'fengie^er,    m. 

-8,  pi  -,  ^orf'jie^er,  m. 


comer,  (5cf e,  /.,  p^.  -n. 

correct,  toerbeffern,  forrigic'* 
ren  ;  ridjtig,  adj.  or  adv. 

correspondent,  ^orrefponbent', 
m.  -en,  pi.  -en. 

cost,  foften ;  -  (price),  Soften* 
|)rei8,  m.  -e8,  p/.  -c ;  yfhat 
is  the  price  of,  n^ie  Diel  (or 
n)a8)  foftet  (foften),  n)ie  teuer 

costume,  5In'gng,  m.  -(e)8,  pZ. 

count,  ntit'red^nen,  ein'redinen, 

mit  3d^ten ;  3al)ten. 
counterfeit,  fatfrf). 
country,  :?anb,  n.  -e8,  pi  I^dn? 

ber  (-e) ;  (region)  ©egenb,  /., 

pi  -en. 
course  (at  table),  @ang,  m.  ~e8, 

pZ.  ©cinge  ;  (University)  ^ol* 

leg',  ^'oUe'gium,  n.  -8,    pZ. 

^oKegten,  -gta. 
court,  §of,  m.  -e8,  pZ.  §ofe. 
cousin,  better,  m.  -8,  pi  -n, 

^onfin  (-Fr.  pron.),  m.  -8,  pZ. 

-8;  Confine, /.,pZ.  -n. 
cream,  9?a^m,  m.  -e8,  ©aljne, 

/. 
credit,   letter  of  — ,  ^rebit* 

brief,  m.  -e8,  pi  -e. 
cross,  ge^en  (irreg.,  fein)  xiber 

wj.  ace. 
crowd,  SJienge,  /.,  pi  -n. 
crowded,  gebrdngt,  eng. 
crush  room  (foyer),  got)er  (Fr. 

pron.,  goajee),  m.  or  n,   -8, 

pi  -8. 
cucumber,  @ur!e,  /.,  pi  -n ; 

pickled  — ,  fanre  ®ur!e,  /. 
cuflf,  mawWi'it,  /..  pi  -n. 
cup,  Xaffe, /.,p/.  -n. 


VOCABULARY. 


53 


currant^  3o^an'nigbeere,/.,  pi. 

-n. 
curtain  (window),  ©arbl'ne,  /., 

pi    -u;    (theater)   ^or'l)ang, 

m.  -g,  pi.  -Ijcinge. 
curre,  iBiegung,  iBeiigung,  /., 

pi.  -en,  ^urue,  /.,  pi.  -n. 
cnstomhonse,  3o^'^oit^/^-  -e«, 

2??.  -I)aufer. 
custom's  ship,    3oH'fc]^iff/    n, 

-e8,  p^.  -e. 
cut,    [djueiben,    irregular;    — 

through,  burdifc^nei'ben.  (B. 

B.)  (Sin'frf)nitt,  m.  -(e)8,  pi. 

-e. 

dance,  tauten. 
dancing   hall, 

-e^,  pi.  -idle. 
dark,  buu!e(. 
dawn,  graiien. 
day,  Sag,  m. 


^anj'faal,   m. 


-e6,  pi.  -e ;  — 


after  to-morrow,  u'bermor= 
geii ;  by  the  — ,  tag'(e)tt)ei(e, 
^ro  XaQ ;  a  — ,  tdgltd^,  ben 
XaQ  ;  —  office,  Sta'gegfaffe, 
/.,  pi  -lu 
tot. 


dear,  teuer ;  Ikh, 

death,  2:ob,  m.  -e3,  pZ.  -e.  ' 

decanter,  ^araf  fe,  /.,  pL  -n. 

deck,  ^erbecf,  n.  -^,  pi,  -e. 

declare,  beflarie'ren, 

deep,  tief. 

defect,  a  sleight  — ,  ^Ici'nig* 

!eit,  /.,  pi.  -en. 
deUghted,  entsiicft  (wiih,  ijon). 
depart,    ab 'rcifen  (feln),   ah'- 

fa()ren,  irreg.  (fein),  ab'ge^en, 

irreg.  (fein). 
departing,  ^b'fa^rt,/.,pZ.  -en. 


departure,  ^b'fa^rt,/.,  pi.  -en. 
department,  ^b'teilnng,/.,  pZ. 

-en. 
depend,    fic^    Derlaffen,   irreg, 

(upon,  auf  w.  ace). 
deposit,  beponie'ren. 
depot  (station),   iBa^n'^of,   m. 

-(e)g,  pZ.  -{)bfe. 
deserye,  Derbienen. 
desire,    ^n|t,  /.,    pi.    l^ttfte ; 

2Bnnf(^,  m.  -e«,  p/.  SSiinfd^e. 
dessert,  D^ac^'tlfd^,  m.  -e«,  p/. 

-e ;  ~  spoon,  2)effert'(offc(, 

m.  -g,  pi.  -. 
Detroit,  Detroit,  n.  -8. 
diamond,  2)iamant',   m.  -en, 

pi.  -en. 
dictionary,     SBor'terbndft,    n. 

-(e)^,  pi.  -biid^er. 
difference,  Un'terfd^ieb,  m.  -8, 

pi.  -e ;  S)ifferen5',  /.,  pZ.  -en. 
different,  uerfi^leben. 
difficult,  frf)tt)er,  ft^micrig. 
diligently,  fleigig. 
dimple,  ©riibc^en,  n.  -8,  pi.  -. 
dine,  ;;n  3Jiittag  fpeifen ;  fpeU 

fen ;  effen,  irreg. 
dinner,  9)at'tag(e)cffen,  n.  -«, 

2)iner'  (i^.  pron.,  S)inee'),  n. 

-g,  p?.  -g,  (Sffen,  n.  -«. 
direct,  birett'. 

direction,  9flid)tnng,/.,  pi  -en. 
directly,  fogleid^'. 
discount,  2)l§!on'to,  m.  or  n. 

-8,  pi  -8.    bisfontic'rcn. 
disembark  (intr.\  lanben,  au8'* 

gejc^ift't  iDerben,  irreg.  (fein). 
dish  (/ood),  @erid)t,  n.  -(e)«, 

p/.  -e. 
dispatch,  3)epcfc^'e,  /.,  pZ.  -tu 
dissipate,  aerftrenen. 


54 


VOCABULARY. 


distance,  (Sntfernung,/.,i)?.-en. 

distant,  entfernt. 

distinctly,  beutUd). 

disturb,  ftoren. 

do,  t^jiiiif, irreg.,  madden;  an'* 
fongen,  irreg. ;  beftetten. 

dollar,  Dol'Iar,  m.  -g,  pi.  -8. 

door,  Xljnv{e),  /.,  pi.  -en; 
street  — ,  §an§'tt)ur(e),  /.  ; 
doorkeeper,  gate  keeper 
[R.  R.),  iBeamte,  m.  -n,  pi. 
-n,  ^djlaQ'waxtev,  m.-^,pl,-. 

Dorothy  street,  2)orot^e'en= 
ftvafee,  /. 

doable,  boppett. 

draft,  Serf)fet,  m.  -g,  pZ.  - ; 
sight  --,  ^If'taannjeifung, 
/.,  pi.  -en,  ^n'njeifung,  /. 

drama,  @d)ou'fpiel,  n.  -(e)«, 
p/.    e. 

draught  {of  air),  3ug,  m.  -e«, 
p/.  3  "9^  1  there  is  a  — ,  e§ 
giet)t  (/rom  giet)en,  in-e<;.),  e« 
ge^t  (irreQf.)  ein  3ng. 

draw,  gie^en,  irreg.,  ^eran8'= 
3iet)en;  (money)  ab't)eben,  ir- 
rej;. 

Dresden,  2)re8ben,  n.  -g. 

dress,  an'flelben ;  m  an'jle^* 
en,  irreg. 

dressing,  stufiOng,  giiUfet,  n. 
^,  J^iille,  /. 

Drexel,  ^Dreyel  {proper  mime), 
m.  -^. 

drink,  trinfen,  irreg. 

driye,  fal)ren,  irregr.  ;  —  on 
{faster),  ,^n'faf)ven  ;  —  up, 
l)inanf'fat)ren  {when  intr.,  and 
referring  to  the  passenger, 
fat) r en  and  its  compounds  usu- 
qllyiake  fciu).  gal)rt,/.,p^.-en. 


driyer,  tntfc^er,  m.  -S,  pZ.  -. 
drop,  Xropfen,  m.  -g,  pZ.  -. 
drug  store,  %pot\)t'U,f,  pi  -lu 
dry,  ab' trocfnen,  trocfnen. 
due,  fallig. 

duet,  3)uett',  n.  -(e)8,  pi.  -c, 
dull  (on  'change),  flau, 
duly,  rid)tig. 
durable,  baner^aft. 
Diisseldorf,  !5)nf'feIborf,  n.  -«. 
dust,  ®tanb,  m.  -e^. 
dutiable,  joUbar,  ftenerbar. 
duty,  ^Steuer, /.,  pi  -n;  free 

of  — ,  ften'erfrei ;  pay  —  on, 

Derftenevn. 
dwelling  room,  ^So^n'^lmmer, 

n.  -g,  pi  -. 

ear,  Ot)r,  n.  -e8,  pi.  -en ;  — 

ring,  Ot)r'ring,  m.  -{t)^,pl 

-e. 
early,  frii^,  ^eitig. 
earn,  uerbienen. 
easily,  leirf)t. 
east,  Often,  m.  -8 ;  from  the 

— ,  au^  Often* 
easy,    leid^t;    {garment)   njeit, 

beqnem'. 
eat,  effen,  irreg. 
eating  house,  ©pei'fe^auS,  n. 

-e^,  pi  -l)aufer. 
editorial,  lOeit'artif'el,  m.  -«, 

eight,  acf)t, 

eighteen  hundred  eighty- 
nine,  arf)t,^e^n  l)nnbert  neun 
unb  acf)tjig,  tanfenb  ac^t  ftnn* 
bert  nenn  nnb  ad^tjig. 

Elbe,  (Slbe,  /. 

elect  {a  courm  erf  a  wniv.),  be* 
tegen. 


VOCABULARY. 


55 


electric,  etef'trifd^. 

elevator,  ga^r'ftu^t,  m.  -(e)«, 
pi.  -ftii^le,  ^erfo'nenaufjug, 
m.  -(t)^,  pi,  -ijiige,  Ascenseur 
{pron.  as  in  jPV.),  m.  -^,pl.  -^. 

eleven,  elf. 

embarrassed,  befangen  (fr.  be= 
fang  en,  irreg.). 

embassador,  ©efanbtc,  m.  -w, 
pi.  -u. 

employer,  ^ringipar,  m.  -e, 
pl.  -e. 

end,  (Sube,  n.  -g,  p?.  -n  ;  tow- 
ards the  — ,  gegen  (Snbe ;  at 
an  end,  gii  (^uDe ;  at  the 
end,  at  last,  am  (Snbe ;  to 
the  — ,  bi^  ;iu  Snbe,  bi^  an§ 
(Snbe. 

endnre,  toertragen,  irreg. 

engage,  belegen ;  befel^eu ;  eu- 
gagie'ren  {pron.  as  if  spelled 
dngdzkee'ren  in  English) ;  be* 
f org en. 

enjoy,  —  one's  self,  fic^  amu-- 
fie'rcn. 

enormous,  enorm'. 

enough,  genug. 

« ntire,  gan;;. 

entirely,  gang,  red^t,  t)olI!om'= 
men,  ooU'pnbig. 

envelope,  (lonoert'  {pron.  fu^), 
n.  -(e)8,  pl.  -e,  -8,  i8rief'um= 
fcf)lag,  Um'fc^lag,  m.  -(e)«, 
j?/.  -fc^lcige. 

errand,  Sluf'trag,  m.  -(e>,  p/. 
-tvage  {to  do,  befteUen). 

error,  3rrtum,  m.  -g,  p^. 
-tiimcr. 

ethnological,  et^no(o'gi|(^  ;  — 
museum,  ba«  3Jinfeum  fiiv 
^orferfuubet 


Europe,  (Suro'pa,  n.  -g. 

even,  fogar'. 

evening,  ^benb,  m.  -g,  pZ.  -c ; 

at  — ,   abenb«  ;    in  the  — , 

be§  5lbenb^ ;    this  — ,    ^eutc 

abenb ;  to-morrow  — ,  mor* 

gen  abenb. 
every,  atte,  pl. ;  jeber,  -e,  -e8. 
exactly,  gerabe,  genan. 
examination,  (2?:a'nien,  n.  -9, 

pl  -amina  ;  final  --,  {before 

entering  univ.),  3Dktnritdt§'* 

e?:amen,  n. ;   {search)  Unter* 

fu'd)nng,  /.,  pl.  -en. 
examine,  oifitie'ren. 
examining,  in  — ,  belm  SBift* 

tie'ren,  n. 
exceed,  iibertreff' en,  irreg. 
excellent,  uortvcff'Ud),  anS'ge^ 

geicf)net. 
excess,  U'bergemid)t,  n.  -g. 
exchange,  nm'tr»ecf)feln.  iBorfe, 

/.,  pl.  -n  ;  —  office,  SSecfj'fel* 

[tube,/.,  pl  -n. 
excursion,  5(u^'f(ng,  m.  -(e)8, 

pl  -fliige ;  —train,  ^ergnii'* 

gnng«^ng,  m.  -(e)«,  pl  -m^, 
excuse,  entfd)nlbigen,  tjerjei^en, 

irreg. 
exist,  ejfiftie'ren. 
expect,  ermarten. 
expectation,  ©rnjartnng,/.,  pl 

-en. 
expel  {fr.  univ.\  relegie'ren. 
exposition,  ^u^'fteUnng,  /.,  pl 

-en. 
express  {train),  ^nrie'rgng,  m. 

-(e)^,  pl  -^iige,  eifgng,  m., 

@d)neU';^ng,  m. 
expression,  ^3ln«'bru(f,  m    -^, 

^l  -briirfe. 


56 


VOCABULARY. 


extra,  ejtra. 

extraordinary,    au'gerorbent* 

Ucf). 
eye,  5(uge,  n.  -8,  pi  -n, 

face,  ®t[x6)i,   n.  -g,  pi  -er; 

(sfcin)  §aut,  /.,  p?.  §aute. 
fact,  in  — 5  in  ber  2;^ at. 
fail  (at  an  examination),  burd^'= 

fatten,  irreg.  (fein) ;    uerfcin- 

men ;  fallie'ren ;  without  — , 

unfe'^ibar,  jebenfattg. 
fall,  fatten,  irreg.  (fein) ;  —  out, 

l^eran^'fatten,   l)inau8'fatten  ; 

—  oyer,  urn 'fatten. 
familiar,  t)ertrantid^.j 
family,  gami'Ue,  /.,  pi  %amu 

lien. 
far,   ireit;    —  distant,    treit 

entfernt. 
fare,  ga^r'preig,  m.  -e«,  pi  -t, 

2;a?e,  /.,  pi  -n  ;    gat)r'gelb, 

n.  -(e)g,  pi  -er. 
farewell,  lebe  n)ol)I,  leben  @ie 

n)o^t. 
farther,    lt)eiter;     —  down, 

njeiter  ^innn'ter ;  —  up,  n)ei= 

ter  tiorn. 
fashion,  9}Jobe,  /.,  p?.  -n. 
fashionable,    —  people,    bie 

feine  5Belt ;  —  women,  bie 

S)amen  ber  feinen  2BeIt. 
fast,  fcf)nett ;  be  — ,  gain  time, 

t3or'get)en,  irreg.  (fein). 
fat,  fett. 

father,  35ater,  m.  -8,  pZ.  S5ater. 
Faust  {the  opera),  9JJargare'te,/. 
fayorable,  giinftig. 
fear,  fiirt^ten. 
fee  {gratuity),    2^rinf'gelb,    n. 

-(ejg,  pi  -er. 


feel,  fii^ten. 

few,  a  — ,  ein  paar,  einigc. 

fifteenth,  fnnf;;e^nt,  funfge^nt. 

fifth,  fiinft. 

fifty,  fiinfaig,  funfgig. 

filtered,  ftltriert  {fr.    filtric% 

ren). 
final,  —  examination  (for  en- 
tering Univ.),  3}iatnvitatg'e|'a== 

men,  n.  -^,  pi  -ej:amina. 
find,  finben,  irreg.;  —  again, 

mie'berfinben. 
fine,  fd)on  ;  fein ;  —  specimen, 

^rad^t'e^emptar,  n.  -(e)g,  pi 

-e. 
finish,  t)otten'ben  ;  —  writing, 

fertig  fd^reiben,  irreg. 
firm,  girma,  /.,  pi  pitmen, 

§ang,  n.  -e§,  pi  §dufer. 
first,  erft;  guerff,  adv. 
fish,  gifc^,  m.  -e§,  pi  -c. 
fit,   paffen  (fur) ;   ft^en,  irreg, 

(w.  dat);  be  fitted,  paffen 

[for,  fiir). 
fiye,  fiinf,  —  thousand,  fixnf 

tanfenb ;  a  five,  ein  giinfer, 

m.  -8,  pi  -. 
fix,  an^'beffern. 
fixed,  feft. 
floor,  first  —  up,  eine  2:reppc 

.^od^ ;  second  — ,  gtt)ei  2^rep* 

pen  1)0 d),  etc. 
fluently,  gelanfig,  fliegenb. 
follow,  fotgen  {dat.) 
foot,  S»6^  ^-  -^^f  P^'  5«6c; 

on  foot,  gu  gn6. 
for,     benn,     oonj. ;     (because) 

meit ;    prep.,   fiir,  gn,  nad^, 

gegen,  anf. 
forbid,  toerbieten,  irreg.  (dat,  of 

pers.  and  ace.  of  thing). 


VOCABULARY. 


57 


foreign^  au8'it>artig. 
foreigner,  grembe,m.  -n,pl-n, 
forenoon,  SSor'ntittag,  m.  -(e)«, 

pi  -e. 
forget,  oergeffen,  irreg, 
fork,  @abel,  /.,  pi  -n. 
fortnight,  Dierge^n  Stage,  m.  pi 
forty,  tJieqig. 
forwards,  Dor'tuartS. 
four,  oier. 

fowl,  ®epge(,  w.  -«. 
foyer,  got)er  (i^.  pron.,  goajee), 

m.  or  n.  -g,  pi  -g. 
fragile,  gerbred^Udft» 
franc,  Sran!(e),  m.  -en,  p?.  -en. 
Frankfort,  gran!' fur t,  n.  -g. 
Frederick,   griebrlc^,  m.  -« ; 

—  street  station,  53a^n'^of 

grieb'ric^ftrage. 
free,  frei ;  —  of  duty,  fteu'er* 

fret;  —  baggage,  grei'ge:= 

pad,  n.  -(e)g,  pi  -e. 
freeze,  frieren,  irreg. ;  —  over, 

i^u'frieren. 
freight  train,  ©il'tergug,  m. 

-c§,  pi  -giige. 
French,  frango'fifc^. 
frequently,  ^aufig. 
fresh,  frifd^. 
freshman,  '^yx&j^,  m,  -eg,  pi 

gucl)fe. 
Friday,  grei'tag,  m.   -§,  pZ. 

-e. 
fried,  geroftet  (/r.  roften). 
friend,  grennb,  m.  -eg,  p?.  -e ; 

grcunbin,  /.,  pZ.  -blnnen. 
frightful,  furc^'ternd). 
from,  Don,  ang,  dat ;  —  four 

to  seven,  tJier  big  fieben. 
fi*ont  {room),    na6)  born  1)uu 

aug'. 


fruit,  grud^t,  /.,  pi  griid^tc. 

fuu,  Don. 

fully,  Doll,  DoIIig. 
furnished,  mobUert  (/r.  mob- 
Ue'ren). 

gain,  Derbienen,  geminnen,  tr- 

reg. ;  —  time,  uor'ge^en,  ir- 

reg,  (feiu). 
gallery,    Sftang,    m.    -eg,    p^. 

9^dngc;     ©allerie',   /.,    pi, 

-rien. 
game(a<p%),  ^artie', /.,  pi 

-tien,  ©piet,  n.  -(e)g,  pi  -e. 
garden,    ©arten,   m.   -g,  pL 

©cirten. 
gentleman,  §err,  m.  -(e)n,p/. 

-en. 
genuine,  ed^t. 
German,  beutfd^  ;   in  — ,  auf 

bentfd),  Im  CDeutfc^en,  bentfc^. 
Germany,  2)entfd^'ianb,  n.  -g. 
get,   betommen,  irreg.,   l^aben, 

irreg. y  er^atten,  irreg.,  l^olen  ; 

(secure)  lofen,  faufen,  nebmen, 

irreg.,   Derfc^affcn,  bcforgen ; 

—  away  from,  fic^  entfernen 
(dat);  —in,  eln'fteigen,  ir- 
reg. (fein)^  ftetgen  in  w.  ace.  / 

—  off,  ab'fteigen;  —  on, 
ein'fteigen  ;  —  out,  aug'ftei* 
gen ;  —  ready,  fief)  fertig 
madden ;  —  {become)  wet, 
na6  tDerben,  irreg.  (fein). 

give,  geben,  irreg. ;  Dor' (eg en  ; 

{announce)     an' geben ;      {be 

given,  take  place),    patt'fin* 

ben,  irreg. 
glad,  be  — ,  fid^  freuen,  freuen 

iised  imp.  w.  ace.  of  per s. 
;,  ©lag,  n.  -eg,  pi  ©Icifer. 


58 


VOCABULARY. 


gloomy,  triiBc. 

j^love,  §anb'f(f)u5,  m.  -(e)«,pZ. 
-e ;  kid  — ,  @lace()anbfc!^u^ 
(c  soft),  m. 

^0,  gel) en,  irreg.  (fein),  fasten, 
irreg.  (intr.  usually  fein),  rei= 
feu ;  fort  lo.  verb,  omitted  ; 
(Zead)  fii^ren  ;  — ,  or  act, 
against  9  gumi'ber^anbelu 
idat);  —  along,  or  with, 
mit'gel^en ;  —  away,  ge^en, 
n»eg'gel)en,  ab'geljen,  ab'rei= 
fen   (fein\   ab'fal)ren  (feln); 

—  back,  gnru(f'gel)en;  — 
down,  l)inun'terge^en ;  —in, 
ein'gel)en,  l^inein'ge^en  ;  — 
on    (ahead),     t)oran'ge!^en ; 

-  out,  an^'ge^en,  ab'ge^en  ; 
{to  school  or  univ.)  befncl)en ; 

—  there,  l)in'ge^en ;  —  to- 
wards, 3u'ge^en ;  —  under 
shelter,  nn'tertreten,  irreg. 
(fein) ;  —  up,  fteigen,  irreg. 
(fein,  on,  auf  w.  acc.\  anf'= 
fal)ren  (fein),  l^inauf'fa^ren 
(feln),  l)inanf'ge^en. 

gold,  @o(b,  n.  -eg. 

good,  gut» 

good-hy(e)  I  auf  SSie'berfel^eu ! 

Qblen!  {Fr.  pron.). 
good   day  {or  eyening),   bid 

— ,     fic^     eutpfe^Ieu,    irreg. 

{dat). 
grade,    down    — ,     geneigte 

g(d(^e,  f.,pl.  -u. 
graduate,  ^romodie'reu. 
grain,  ©etrelbe,  n.  -8. 
grape,    SSelu'traube,  /.,    pi. 

-n. 
gratuity,  ^rlnf'gelb,  n.  -(c)8, 

pi.  -er. 


gravy,  @aucc  (goo'^e),  /.,  pL 

-n,  33rut)e,  /.,  pi  -n. 
great,  grog. 
greatly,  fel)r. 
green,  griin. 
grow  {become),   njcrbert,  irreg. 

(fein) ;    —  up,   auf'ttjad^fen, 

irreg.  (fein). 
guide,  gii^rer,  m.  -8,  pi  -. 

habit,  ©enjol^nl^eit,  /.,  pi  -en. 
hail,  §agel,  m.  -g ;  —  stone, 

@^Io6e, /.,p?.  -n. 
hair,   §aar,   n.    -c8,  pi    -e; 

Hair  cut,  please!    §aar% 

fc^neiben,  bitte ! 
half,  f)alb  ;  —  past  three,  ^alB 

i)ier ;  —  a,  ein  l^atber,  einc 

t)atbe,  ein  ^olbeS.    ^dlftc,  /., 

pi  -n. 
Halle,  §aUe,  n.  -8. 
ham,  ©d^infen,  m.  -8,  p?.  -. 
Hamburg,  Hamburg,  n.  -8. 
Hamlet,  §amlet,  m,  -8. 
hand  bag,  ^anb'tofd^e,  /.,  pi 

-n. 
handwriting,  §anb'fc^rift,  /., 

pi  -en. 
Hanoyer,  §anno'Der  (o  pron. 

/),  n.  -8. 
happen,  gefd^el^en,  irre^r.  (fein) ; 

fi^  ereignen,  tjor'fommen,  ir- 

reg.  (fein). 
hard,   ftarf,    ^art ;    {difficult) 

fd)U3er  ;  —  boiled,  bort. 
haste^  (Sile,  /./  make  — ,    ftd^ 

beeileu. 
hat,  §ut,  m.  -e8,  pZ.  §ute ;  — 

box,    §ut'frf)arf)te(,    /.,    pi 

-u;    silk,  —  S^Un'berbut, 


VOCABULARY. 


59 


haye,  ^aben,  irreg.;  ne'^mett, 
irreg.;  —  (a  thing  done), 
cause  {to  do  a  thing),  laffen, 
irreg. ;  {get)  Ijabeii,  befommen, 
irreg.  /  —  to,  miiffeil,  irreg.; 
braudjen;  {hoM)  fatten,  ir- 
reg. ;  {occupy)  in'nel)aben. 

harsh  (</ie  beard),  f probe. 

he,  er  (e^,  fie). 

health,  ©efunb^eit, /.,  SBol)t, 
n.  -(e)«. 

hear,  ^i3ren. 

heart,  by  — ,  aug'roenbig. 

heat,  §it?e, /. 

heaYen(s),  §immel,  m.  -6,  pi. 
-;  in  the  —  (sky),  am  §im- 
mel. 

heel,  ^b'fafe,  m.  -e«,  pZ.  -falje. 

hello,  t)aUoV ! 

help,  t)elfen,  irregr.  (da<.); 
(serve)  bebieuen. 

hence,  ba^er'. 

Henry,  §einrl(^,  m.  -8. 

hen's  egg,  §uVnerci,  n.  -(e)8, 
pZ.  -er. 

her,  i^r,  jein ;  fie. 

here,  ^ier,  ba ;  {denoting  mo- 
tion)  ^ie(r)^er', 

herself,  (fie)  felbft. 

high,  ^0(^  {when  declined,  loses 
c,.  ^o^er,  l^o^e,  l)o^e8);  — 
priced,  teuer. 

hill,  §ugel,  m.  -«,  p^  -. 

his,  jein,  feiiie,  fein;  art.  ber, 
bie,  ^a^ ;  ber,  bie,  ba«  feinige, 
felue ;  feiner,  feine,  feineS* 

hiss,  aug'pfeiffen,  irreg, 

hitch  np,  an'fpannen. 

ho,  hey !  ^olla !  ^el ! 

hold,  ^alten,  irreg. 


home,  at—,  p  §aufe;  {mo- 
tion) iiac^  §aufe,  n. 

honestly,  reblic^. 

honor,  ^ouorie'ren.  (S^rc,  /., 
pi.  -u. 

hope,  l)offen ;  I  hope,  l^off  ent:* 
lid).    §offnuug,  /.,  pi.  -en. 

horse,  "iPferb,  n.  -(e)«,  p?.  -e. 

hot,  t)ei6. 

hotel,  ©aft^of,  m.  -(e)«,  pZ. 
-I)i3fe ;  §otel,  n.  -g,  pi.  -g. 

honr,  ®tunbe,  /.,  pi.  -n ; 
o'clock,  U^r,  /.  {indd.); 
—  hand,  ©tnn'benjeiger,  m. 
-§,  pZ.  -;  an  hour's  walk, 
eine  @tnnbe. 

house,  §au8,  n.  -e§,  pi.  §aufer. 

how,  \\)ie. 

huckleberry,  §ei'betbeere,  /., 
pi.  -n. 

hundred,  ^unbert. 

hungry,  ^ungrig  ;  be  — ,  l)ung* 
rig  fein,  or  l)ungern  used  imp. 
w.  ace.  of  per s. 

hurry,  eilen,  ftd^  beeilen ;  be  in 
a  — ,  eilig  fein,  irreg.  (fein), 
(Si(e  ^aben,  {irreg.),  e§  eilig 
l)abcn;  hurry!  rafc^!  — 
up !  madden  ®ie  rafc^ ! 

husband,  3)lann,  m.  -e«,  pi. 
ajidnner;  ®atte,  m.  -n,  pi 
-n ;  ©ema^r,  m.  -(e)«,  pZ.  -e. 


ice,  @i8,  n.  -eS ;  an  — ,  cin  ®e* 

frorneg    {declined   like   adj.) ; 

—  cream,  @i8,  n.;  —  water, 

©i^'maffer,  n.  -6. 
identity,  to  prove  one's  — , 

fid)  legitimie'ren. 


60 


VOCABULARY. 


if,  Wtnn ;  inverted  order  some- 
times denotes  if. 

imitation,  tiad)'gemad^t  {par- 
ticipial adj.). 

immediately,  gtelc^,  fogleit^'. 

impose  upon,  etnjag  tt)ei8 
mad)eu  {w.  dat.  ofpers.). 

impossible,  unmbg'Ud^. 

in,  in,  anf,  an,  bei ;  {in  the 
midst  of)  mitten  in,  inmit'ten 
{dat.). 

inch,  B^Uf'"^'  -^^r  V^'  -^* 
included,  mit  ein'begriffen  (/r. 

ein'begreifen,  irreg.). 
incoming,    an'fommenb     (fr. 

an'fommen;  irreg.,  fein). 
inconvenience,  genie 'ren  {Fr. 

g  =:  zh). 

incorrectly,  fatfd^,  un'ric^tig, 

un'recf)t ;  nid)t  red^t,  or  ni^t 

rid^tig. 
indeed  {to  he  sure),  freitid^,  aV- 

(evDing§,  tDO^l. 
indispensably,  unumgang'Ud^, 
indisposed,  nn'pdgUc^. 
injure,  befc^dbigen. 
ink,  'Xintc,/.,p/.  -n ;  —  stand, 

©djreib'geug,  n.  -(e)g,  pi.  -e. 
inquire,    frag  en     {for,    after, 

nad)). 
inside,  im  3nnern, 
insolvent,  ^at)'Iung§nnfd^ig. 
instep,  gui'biege, /.;  over  the 

— ,  anf  bem  guge,  m. 
instruction,  Un'terricfit,  m.  -^; 

{order,  direction)  3nftrn!tion', 

/.,  pi  -en. 
insufficient,  nn'geniigenb. 
insurance      company,      3>er- 

fid^'ernngggefeUfd^aft,  /.,  pi 

-en. 


intend,      ben!en,     irreg.,    ge* 

benfen,  brab'fid)tigcn. 
intermediate    station,    S^vV^ 

fd^enftation,/.,  pi  -en. 
intermission,  3^ifc^'cttaft,  m. 

-(e)g,  pi  -e. 
into,  in  {prep.  w.  ace). 
introduction,    letter    of   — , 

(SmpfeVIung^brief,  m.   -(e)g, 

pi  -e ;  ©mpfeVIunggfd^reiben, 

n.  -8. 
inundation,  Uberjd)tt)em'mung, 

/•,  pi'  -en. 
invention,  (Srfinbnng,/.,pZ.  -en. 
invite,  ein'laben,  irreg. 
iron,  biigeln.   Sifen,  n.  -8, 
irreparable,  nnerfetg'Iic^. 
it,  e«,  il)n,  fte;   w.  prep,,  ha; 

in  — ,  barin';  with  — ,  ba* 

mit',  etc. 
Italy,  3ta'lien,  n.  -6. 


jelly,  ®etee'  {Fr.  g  =  zh),  n. -8, 

pi  -^;  (Sin'gemad)te«,n.  {decl 

like  adj.). 
jeweler,  3nn)eUer',  m.  -g,  pi 

-e. 
Joan  of  Arc,  3ol^an'na  b'3lrc. 
Johnstown,  3o^n§ton)n,  n,  -g. 
joyous,  feftUd);  fro^Urf). 
Juliet,    3nlia,  /.  -«,   or   ber 

Sntia. 
jump,  fpringen,  irreg. ^'  —  the 

track,    ang     ben    ©d^ienen 

faring  en. 
just     (now),    foe'ben,    gletd^, 

{exactly)  gerabe. 

Kaiserhof,  ^ai'jer^of,  m.  -(e)«. 
keep,  be^alten,  irreg.;   auf'be* 
nja^ren. 


VOCABULARY. 


61 


key,  <Sc^(uffeI,  m.  -«,  pi  -. 
kid  glove,  @Iace^anbfc^ii{)  {soft 

c),  m.  -(e)§,  pi.  -e. 
kilogram,      ^ilogramm',     n. 

-(e)§,  pZ.   -e;    ^Uo   (J2.  B., 

etc.),  71.  -§,  pZ.  -g. 
kind,  gilt,  giitig,  gcfallig  ;  be 

80  — ,  bie  ©iite  i^ahtn,  fo  giitig 

fcin  ;  what  —  of,  tt)a§  fiir  ; 

what  kinds  of  ice  cream, 

iuQS  fiiv  @i«'{orten. 
kindness,  ©lite,  /. 
king,    ^bnig,  m.   -8,    pZ.   -c ; 

King's  street,  ^o'nig^ftrage, 

/. 
Kleist,  ^leift,  m.  -8. 
knife,  2J^effer,  w.  -«,  pZ.  -. 
knock,  f  fop  fen. 
know,  fennen,  irreg.;    toiffen, 

irregr.;  erfcimeu;  fonuen,  ir- 


lace,  p'fd^niiren. 

lad,  3unge,  m.  -ti,  (-n«),  pi  -n. 

laden,  belabeu  (/r.  belaben,  ir- 

reg.). 
lady,  2)amc, /.,  pi  -n. 
lake,  @ee,  m.  -§,  pZ.  -n. 
land,  lanben.    i^anb,  w.  -eg,  p?. 

!i!dnber  (-e). 
landlord,  2Blrt,m.  -(e)«,pZ.  -e ; 

§err  be«  §aufe8. 
language,  ®prad)c, /.,  pZ.  -n; 

—    of  conversation,    Um'= 

gaiig§fpvad)e,  /. 
large,  grog. 

last,  bauern,  uer6;  te^t;  borig. 
late,  fpdt;   neu;   be  — ,  fpcit 

fein,    irreg.    (fein),    fic^    tjev^^ 

fpdten. 
laundress,    SBdfc^erin,  /.,   pi 


-rinnen ;  Safd^'frau,  /.,  pi 
-en. 

law,  3u«,  n.  -,  pi  3ura  ;  @e= 
fe^',  n.  -eg,  pZ.  -e. 

lawyer,  ^btjofat',  m.  -en,  p?. 
-en. 

lay,  leg  en ;  —  the  dust,  nie% 
berfd)(agen,  irreg.,  lojc^en. 

lead,  fii^ren. 

lean,  mager,  adj.^  —  out,  fxdj 
l)inaug'(e]^nen. 

leap  year,  (Bdtjalt'idf^x,  n.  -(e)g, 
pi  -e. 

learn,  lernen. 

least,  at  — ,  tDe'nigftenS. 

leather,  ?eber,  n.  -g. 

leave,  taffen,  irreg.;  ftertaffen ; 
ab'geben,  irreg.;  ob'ge^en,  ir- 
reg. (fein),  ab'fa^ren,  irreg. 
(fein),  ab'reifen  (fein) ;  —  (the 
key  in  the  door)  ftecf en  (affen ; 
take  — ,  fic^  empfe^ten,  irreg.; 

—  of  absence,  Ur'Ianb,  m. 
-(e)8,  pi  -e. 

lecture,  35or'Ietung,  /.,  pi  -en. 
left,  iibrtg  ;  at,  on,  to,  the  — , 

Unfg,  gnr  ?ln!en. 
leg,  ©d^enfel,  m.  -§,  pi  -. 
Lehmann,  ?el^mann,  m.  -«. 
Leipsic,  JOeipgig,  n.  -8 ;  2eip'gi:= 

ger,  indcl  adj. 
lemon  ice  cream,  3ttro'ncnci«, 

(S^ltro'nenelg,  n.  -eg. 
lend,  leil^en,  irreg. 
lesson,   5lnf'gabe,  /.,  pi  -n; 

I?e!tion',/.,p?.  -en. 
let,    laffen,    irreg.;    erianben ; 

often  denoted  by  the  use  of  the 

subjunctive  or  imperative  mode; 

—  go,  laffen ;  —  off,  ab 'fe^en. 


62 


VOCABULARY. 


letter,  ^ricf,  m.  -c§,  pi  -c; 

—  paper,  i8rief>apier,  n.  -8, 
pl  -e. 

Uability  (debt),  ©rf)ulb,  /.,  p/. 
-en,  (liahililies)  ^affioa,  n.  pL 

lie,  Uegen,  irreg. 

light,  iHc^t,  n.  -t^,  pl  -tx,  (-e) ; 
^cIeiicf)tmtg,/.,pZ.  -en. 

lighten  (flash),  bti^en. 

lightning,  ^li^,  m.  -e§,  pl  -e. 

like,  gent  trinfen,  irreg.,  effen, 
irregr.,  I)aben,  irregr.,  etc.; 
I  like  that,  'i>a^  gefcittt  (/r. 
gef alien,  irre^.)  mir  ;  I  should 
(would)  like,  icfi  mod)te  (fr. 
niogen,  irreg.)  (gem) ;  would 
you  — ,  ift  3^nen  gefcillig,  Be* 
Ueben  @ie  lo.  ace,  belieben 
itseci  to.  thing  as  subject,  and 
daf.  of  per s. 

Linden  street,  IHn'benftrage,/. 

line,  i^i'nie,  /.,  pl  -n. 

linen,  SBdfc^e,/.,  pl  -n. 

list,  ^ifte,  /.,  pl  -n;  wash  — , 
^^\6)'itiit\,  m.  -%,  pl  -;  — 
of  plays,  9^epertoir'(e)  (i<>'. 
oi),  w.  -g;  —  of  wines, 
3Selu'!arte,/.,p?.  -n. 

listen,  l)bven  (fo,  aiif  w.  ace); 

—  to,  an'^breti  {w.  ace). 
little,  !lein ;  a  — ,  ein  trenig, 

ein  bigd^en,  ettt)a«. 
lire  (dweU),  rt)of)nen. 
location,  ?age,/.,  pl  -n. 
locomotive,  ?o!omotl't>e,  /.,  pl 

-n;  9Rafd^l'ne,/.,  pZ.  -n. 
long,  lang  {adj.  or  adv.);  tange 

(adv.). 

longer,  ntef)r,  Icing er;  no  — , 
nid)t  me^r. 


look  (appear),  au^'fel^en,  irreg.; 

—  at,  betra(f)ten. 
lose,  toerlie'ren,  irregr. 
loss,  55erlnft,  m.  -eg,  pZ.  -c. 
lower,  ^ernn'terlaffen,  irreg. 
lunch,  3m 'big,  m.  -e«,  pZ.  -e. 

magnificent,    prad^tuoll,  ^err= 

lid). 
Maid  of  Orleans,  3nng'fran  (f.) 

t)on  Orleans  (pron.  anS  as  in 

i^r.). 
maiden,  9Rob(i)en,  n.  -§,  pZ.  -, 

3nngfer,/.,p/.  -n. 
mail,  anf'geben,  irreg.  ^oft,  /., 

pl  -en. 
mainspring,    ^rieb'feber,   /., 

pl  -n. 
make,  madden ;  —  out,  marf)en, 

^er'ftellen,  ang'^ie^en,  irreg., 

ang'fd^reibcn,    irreg.,     fertig 

fd^reiben ;  {a  draft)  an^'ftellen, 

traffie'ren,  giel^en. 
man,  ^am\,m.-e^,pl.  3J?anncr ; 

(person)  Mm^dj,  m.  -en,  pl 

-en. 
manageable,  leitbar. 
many,  Diel ;  —  a,  mand^cr,  -e, 

-eg. 
Margaret,  iD^argare'te,  /.  -n«, 

or  ber  -. 
mark,  '3)lavt,  f,  pl  -. 
market,    Tlaxtt,   m.    -e§,   p?. 

9Jiar!te ;  —  haU,  3)^arft'I)aUe, 

/.,  pl  -n. 
mashed   potatoes,    ^artoff'el^' 

mu§,  n.  -eS. 
matchbox,  gen'er^eng^n.  -(e)«, 

P?.  -e. 
material,   SD^ateriar(e),  n.  -g, 

pZ.  -alien. 


VOCABULARY. 


63 


matter,  be  the  — ,  jein,  irreg, 
(fein),  fe^teu  {wUh,  dot.). 

may,  mogen,  irreg.,  biirfen,  ir- 
reg,, fonnen,  irreg, 

Mayence,  3Jiaii^,  n. 

meal,  (Sffeii,  n,  -g. 

mean,  bcbcuten  ;  by  no  means, 
fei'ue«rt)eg§. 

meantime,  in  the  — ,  unter= 
beff'cn. 

measure,  SJiag,  n,  -e§,  pi  -e. 

meat^  ?^teifc^,  n.  -eg,  pi.  -e; 
cold  — ,  faltc  tiid^c  (/.). 

medicine,  Ttehii'm',  9Rcbicin', 
/.,pZ.  -en. 

meet,  begegucn  (feln,  dat);  gu= 
fam'mcntreffeu  {irreg.,  feiu) 
ntit. 

melt,  ft^mcljcn  {wJien  intr.,  ir- 
reg.), 

mending,  5(uS'bcfferung,/.,  pi. 
-en. 

menu,  ^avU,  /.,  p^.  -n. 

Menzel,  SJ^engel,  m.  -g. 

merchandise,  SSarcU;  /.,  pi.  of 
Bare. 

Meyer,  TktjtXf  m,  -9, 

Michigan,  3Ri(^igan,  n.  -«. 

middle,  2«itte,  /. 

milk,  mad),  f. 

military     academy,    ^rieg«% 

\d)\iU,f.,  pi,  -n ;  state , 

®taat6'!rieg«fc^u(e. 

million,  ^i\lion\f.,  pi.  -en. 

millionaire,  SD^iUionar',  m.  -8, 
pi  -e. 

mind  (desire),  ?uft,/.,  p^  !?ufte. 

mineral  water,  9^inerat'= 
raaffer,  n.  -8. 

minute,  2Jiinu'tc,/.,  pi.  -n. 


grantein,  n.  -«,  pi.  -; 
Derfciumen,  t)erfe^len. 

mist,  Df^ebel,  m.  -8,  pi  -. 

mistake,  ge^ler,  m.  -«,  pZ.  - ; 
make  a  — ,  fid)  irren,  fic^  t)er> 
red)nen. 

mistaken,  be  — ,  fie^  irren. 

misunderstand,  falfc^  Dcrfte^en, 
irreg. 

misunderstanding,  9Jii6't)er* 
ftdnbnU,  n.  -niffe«,  pi  -niffc. 

moderate,  mdgig,  billig. 

moment,  ^ilu'genbticf,  m.  -8,  pi 
-c ;  in  a  — ,  im  ^ugenbUdt. 

money,  @elb,  n.  -e8,  pi  ©elber. 

month,  ^to'nat,  m.  ~(e)«,  pi 
-c ;  by  the  ~,  monatlid^. 

monthly,  monatUc^. 

more,  me\)x,  noci^,  njeiter ;  one 
— ,  nod)  ein(er),  -t,  -(e8). 

morning,  SD^orgen,  m.  -9,  pi 
-;  in  the  — ,  movgen^,  beS 
SD^orgenS  ;  good  — ,  gnten 
aKorgen!  Saturday  — , 
©onn'abenb  (@oniftag)  frii^ ; 
this  — ,  ^eute  morgen ;  to- 
morrow —,   morgen  frii^ ; 

—  air,  SD^or'genluft,  /. 

moss,  SSloo^,  n.  -e8,  pi  -e. 

mostly,  gri)'6tenteU8,  meiften^. 

mother,  SKuttcr,/.,  pi  OKiitter. 

mountains  (mountainous  dis- 
trict), ©ebirge,  n.  -9,  pi  -. 

mouth  (of  river),  SKiinbung, /., 

pi  -en. 
more  (along),  riicf en ;  —  into, 

eln'jie^en  (irreg.)  in  w.  ace; 

(change  residence)  um'gic^en ; 

—  out,  an^'jie^en. 

Mr.,  $err,  m.  -(t)n,pl  -en. 
Mrs.,  grau,  /.,  pi  -en. 


64 


VOCABULARY. 


rnnch^  t)le{,  fcl^r;  gut;  yery 
— ,  fc^r,  fel^r  gern;  thank 
you  yery  — ,  ban!e  beftens, 

mnddy,  !otig. 
Mnnich,  9)?und^en,  n.  -«. 
mnseum,  9)?ufe'um,  n.  -«,  pi 

2Kufeen. 
musician,  "^n'fiUv,  m.  -g,  pZ.  -. 
must,  miiffen,  irreg. 
mustaclie,    ®d^nurr'bart,    m. 

-«,  p/.  -barte. 
mutton-chop,  §am'me(!oteIett, 

71.  -§,  pZ.  -g,  -e. 
my,  mein,  -e,  -. 

name,  D^ame,  m.  -n8,  pi  -n; 

his  name  is,   cr  l^eigt  (/r. 

^cigen,  irre^.);  what  is  the 

~  of,  Wit  l^eigt 
napkin,  @ert)iet'te,  /.,  pi  -n. 
national    gallery,    9?ationar= 

©aUerie',  /.,  p?.  -n. 
natural,    natiirUd^ ;    not  — , 

forced,  ge^tDungen  (fr.  gnjin^ 

gen). 
near,  na^c;   neben ;•  nearest, 

shortest,  md)% 
necessary,  notig,  not'trenbig. 
need,  brauc^en. 
neither,    unb  . . .  aud^    ttid^t ; 

Mhe^    nid^t ;     — . . .  nor, 

treber . . .  nod^. 
neyer,  nie. 
new,  neu. 
news,  9^nd^'rid^t,  /.,"  pi  -en ; 

what  is  the  —  1  tt»a§  giebt  e« 

DIeueg?    —  paper,  3eitung, 

/.,  pi  -en. 
New  York,  ^m  5)or!,  9^eu= 

?)or!,  n.  -g. 


next,  ncid^fl. 

night,  ^adjt,  /.,  pZ.  D^ad^tc. 

nine,  neun. 

nineteenth,  neunge^nt. 

no,  neln  ;  adj.,  !ein,  -e,  - ;  — 

one,  niemanb;    —  longer, 

nld)t  mel&r. 
noble,  ebel. 
none,  feiner,  -e,  -e8. 
nor,  and)  nid^t ;  neither .  • . 

— ,  meber . . .  noc^. 
North  German  Lloyd,  92orb'* 

beutfd^ev  2iotjh. 
north   wind,    9^orb'tt)inb,  m, 

-(e)«,  pi  -e. 
nose,  ^a]t,  /.,  pi  -n. 
not,  nid)t ;  —  a,  fein,  -c,  - ; 

—  at  all,  gar  nid^t 
note      (promissory)  J     @d^ulb'* 

fd&ein,  m.  -g,  pi  -t,  ^anb'* 

jd^ein,  m.,   §aub'tped^fel,  m. 

-g,pZ. -. 
nothing,  ntd^ts. 
notice,  nierfen. 
now,  nun,  je^t. 
number,  numerie'ren*    S'iunt* 

mer,/.,  pi  -n;  C/ig^wre)  3a^I, 

/.,  pi  -en. 

obliged,    tjerbunben   (/r.    tier* 

binben,  irreg.)  ^  be  — ,  tier* 

^flid[)tet  fein. 
obsolete,  oeraltet. 
obtain,  eriangen. 
occupation,  9lnf,  m.  -eg,  pZ.  -c ; 

53etdf)aftignng,/.,  pi  -en. 
occupy,  befeljen. 
occur,  Uor'fommen,  irreg.  (fein). 
o'clock,  U^r,/.,  iw^cZ. 
of,  t»on,  au§  (dat);  often  not  to 

he  translated^  a  glass  of  water, 


VOCABULARY. 


65 


ein  ®Ia8  SSaffer;  sometimes 
tnlt  is  used,  a  decanter  of 
water,  elite  ^araff'c  ntit 
SBaffer. 

off,  dh,  adv.  or  sep.  pref. 

offer,  an'bietcu,  irreg. 

office,  taffe, /.,  pi.  -n ;  %mt, 
n.  -eg,  pL  toter ;  ^Bureau' 
(pron.  bii^ro  '),  n.  -g,  pZ.  -«, 
or  -Tc, 

often,  oft,  t)dufig. 

oh,  ad)  I 

oil,  6(,  n. -(e)g,  pZ. -e. 

old,  alt. 

omelet,  (Si'erfud^en,  m.  -6,  pL 
-,  Omelet' te,  /.,  pi.  -n, 

omnibus,  Om'uibu§,m. -buffed, 
pi  -buffe ;  —  line,  Om'ni= 
bu^Uuie,  /.,  pi.  -n. 

on,  an,  auf,  init,  ilber. 

one,  eln,  -e,  - ;  a  — ,  ein  (Sin* 
fer,  m.  -g,  pZ.  - ;  — ,  they, 
man  (nom.  sing,  only);  any 
— ,  some  — ,  jemanb  ;  one's, 
fein,  -e,  -. 

once,  ein'mal ;  at  — ,  fogteid^', 
gleid). 

only,  nur,  attein'* 

open,  bffnen,  anf  madden ;  (un- 
lock) auf'fd^liegen,  irreg. ; 
(adj.)  off  en,  geoffnet ;  (of  a 
room)  ge^en,  irreg.  (fein)  (on, 
anf  w.  ace). 

opera,  O^jer,  /.,  pi.  -n;  — 
house,  £)>ernl)ang,  n.  -eg, 
pZ.  -^dufer ;  —  square, 
D'pernplalj,  m.  -eg,  pi. 
-ptd^e;  —  glass,  O'pern^ 
gucfer,  m.  -g,  pZ.  -,  £)>ern- 
glag,  n.  -e«,  pi.  -gldfer. 


opposite,  entge'gengefe^t ;  ge'* 
geniiber  (following  dat.). 

or,  ober ;  fonft ;  (to)  big,  ten  or 
twelve,  3e{)n  big  gtDoIf. 

orange,  ^Ipfelfi'ne, /.,  p^.  -n. 

Orchard  Lake^  Orc^arb  i?afc,  n. 

order,  Orbnung,  /.,  pi.  -en; 
out  of  — ,  in  Unorbnung, 
(colloquial)  faput ;  to  — ,  give 
an  — ,  befteHen. 

original  edition,  Original^ 
auggabe,  /.,  pi.  -n, 

other,  anber. 

out,  aug  (adv.);  —  of,  ang, 
anger  (prep.  w.  dat.). 

oyer,  iiber  (prep.  w.  dat.  or 
ace);  (adv.)  ang,  gn  @nbe. 

overcharge,  tior'jd^Iagen,  ir- 
reg. 

overcoat,  ii'bergie^er,  m.  -g, 
pi.-. 

overflow,  aug'treten,  irreg. 
(fein), 

overgrow,  iiberttjad^'fen,  irreg. 

overture,  Onbertnrc  (Fr.  u,  il), 
/.,  pi  -n. 

own,  eigen, 

oyster,  Sluftev,  /.,  pi  -n. 

pack,  ^acfen,  ein'^adfen,  auf* 
padtiu 

package,  ^a!et',  n.  -g,  pi  -t. 

pair,  ^aar,  n.  -eg,  pi  -e. 

paper,  ^a^ier',  n.  -(e)g,pi.  -e; 
news  — ,  3eitung,/.,  pi  -en ; 
morning —,2)?or'gen3eitnng, 
/.;  —  cutter,  ^apier'meffer, 
71. .  -g,  pi  - ;  —  weight, 
33rief'befd)merer,  m.  -g,  pi  -. 

parade,  ^ara'be,  /.,,pi.  -n. 


66 


VOCABULARY. 


parcel,  ^acfet',  n,  -§,  pi  -t, 

@tiidt,  n.  -e§,  pi.  -e. 
pardon,  ^'ergei^ung,/.,  pi  -en ; 

I  beg  yoor  — ,  bitte,  id)  bitte 

urn     5>er,;^ci^ung,     ^^arbon ! 

(pron.  on  as  in  Pr.). 
pare,  fci)dlen» 
parents,  (Sltern,  pZ. 
Paris,  ^^axi^' ;  ^ari'fer  (iwdcZ. 

parquet,  ^^Jar!ett',  n.  -(e)«,  p?. 

-e,  -g, 
part  (roZe),   9toIIe,  /.,  pi  -n ; 

—  of  the  city,  Stabt'toicrtel, 
n.  -g,  pL  -. 

pass,  relc^en,  gu'fommen  (ir- 
regf.,  feiu)  taffen,  irreg.;  {take 
place)  gefrfie^eu,  irreg.  (fein) ; 

—  over,  fa^ren  (irreg.),  etc., 
iiberto.  ace;  {an  examination) 
mac^eu,  beftel)eu,  irregr. 

passage,  U'berfa^rt,/.,  p?.  -en. 

passage-way,  ®ang,  m.  -e^, 
pi  @dnge. 

passenger,  ^^3affagier'  {Fr.  g  = 
zh),  m.  -{c)^,pl  -e;  first-class 
passengers  {on  steamer),  ^])af= 
fagiere  erfter  Piaffe,  or  erfte 
^aiix'tenpaffagiere,  (B.  B.) 
9^eifenbe  erfter  tlaffe. 

passport,  'iPag,  m.  -e§,pZ.  ^dffe. 

past,  half  —  three,  ^atb  uier, 
etc. 

patronized,  well  — ,  ftarf  be= 
fud)t. 

pavement,  ^flafter,  n.  -«,  pi  -; 
{raised  center  of  a  street) 
2)amm,  m.  -(e)§,  pL  2)dmme. 

pay,  bejaljten,  an^'j;a^len,  ent= 
rid^ten;  —  duty  On,  t)er= 
ftenern;    ^efolbnng,  /.,   pi 


-en,    2oljn,  m.   {n.)  -e«,  pi 

?o^ne. 
payable,  jaljlbar. 
payment,  B^^^i^^S//-'  P^*  -^^' 
pea,  (Erbfe,  /.,  p/.  -u. 
peach,  ^firfid),  m.  -g,  pZ.  -c 

(/.,  pl  -en). 
pear,  iBlrne,  /.,  pl  -n. 
pearl,  "iperle,  /.,  pl  -n. 
pen,  geber,/.,  pl  -n  ;  steel  — , 

^ta^ffeber,  /.;    —  holder, 

ge'bert)alter,  m.  -^,pl  -. 
Pennsylvania,  "»)3ennit}lt)a'nien, 

n.  -§. 
people,  ![?eute,  pZ. 
pepper,  ^|>feffer,  m.  -8. 
per  cent.,  ^J3ro3ent',  ^rocent', 

n.  -§,  pl  -e. 
perhaps,  t)leUeld)t'. 
permanent,  fte^enb  {fr.  ftel^en, 

irre^.). 
person,  2)?enfc^,  m.  -en,  pZ.  -en. 
pfennig,  ^f^nnig,  m.  -^,p?.  -e. 
philosophy,  $^ilo)op^ie',/.,  pZ. 

-n. 
physician,   "^xit,   m.  -t^,  pl 

fcste. 
piece,    ©tiicf,   n.  -e§,  pZ.  -c, 

<Stu(fd)en,  n.  -g,  p/.  -  ;  a  ten 

mark  — ,  ein  ^e^n'marfftiicf, 

n. 
pier,  §a'fenbamm,  m.  -8,  pl 

-bamme. 
pinch,  briicfen. 
pirated  edition,  D^ad^ 'brucf,  m. 

-^,pl  -briide. 
place,  Drt,m.  -t^,pl  -c,6rter, 

^lat^,  m.  -c^,pl  ^Idl^e,  Sou= 

uert\  71.  -8,  p?.  -e,  -§,  @telle, 

/.,  pl  -n  ;  —  of  business, 
@efd|dft«'lo!al,  n.  -«,  pZ.  -e. 


VOCABULARY. 


67 


plain,  g'benc, /.,  pi  -u;  (evi- 
dent) !(ar, 
plainly,  beutUc^. 
plate,  ZtUn,  m.  -8,  pi  -. 
platform,  "i)  err  on'  {pron.  on  as 

in  Fr.\  m.  -Q,  pl-^, 
play,  auf'fut)ren;  fpielen,  geben, 

irreg.,   bar'ftpU^n*    ©tiicf,  n. 

-eg,  pi  -e ;  3Sor'fteUung,  /., 

pi  -en. 
pleasant,  an'gene^m,  fd^ou. 
please,  (ic^)  bitte,  irreg.,  njollen 

(irreg.)  ®ie  bie  ©iite  l)abe:i, 

irreg.y  gutigft,  gefalligft 
pleasure,  SBergniigen^n.  -§,p/.  -. 
point,  beuten. 
pointed,  {piij. 
police,  'iPoUgel',  /.;    —  man, 

©c^ufe'mann,    m.    -e8,     p/. 

-manner,  -tente ;  —  snper- 

yision,  ^oUgel'auffic^t,  /. 
polite,  l)ofiic^. 
political    economy,    @taatg'= 

n)irtfd)aft,  /. 
poorly,  \6)k6)t 
popular,  (fe^r)  beliebt. 
pork,  ©c^mei'nefteifc^,  n.  -e8. 
porter,  (R.  R.  station)  @epdc!'= 

trdger,  m.  -g,  pi  -,  jlrager, 

m.  -«,  pZ.  -;  §aug'!necl)t,  m. 

-(e)8,  pi  -e, 
positively,    burc^aus',    unum= 

gdug'lid). 
possession,  ^cfi^tum,  n.  -e«, 

pi  -tiimer. 
possessor,  3n't)ober,  m.  -8,  p/. 

-,  {of  telephone)  5(bonnent',  m. 

-cu,  pZ.  -en. 
postage,  granfie'rung,  /.,  pi 

-en,  "iporto,  n.  -«,  pZ.  ^^orti ; 

—  due,  ^orto. 


postman,  ©ricf'trdger,  m.  -8, 

pZ. -. 

post  office,  ^oft,  /.,  pi  -en; 
(in  /lofeO  ^oftbureau  {pron, 
^J3oft'bu-ro),  n.  -«,  pi  -«,  -j. 

postpaid,  frantle'rt ;  not  — , 
un' fraufiert, 

poste  restante,  poft'Iagernb. 

potato,  ^\u'toff'e(, /.,  pi  -\u 

Potsdam,  "l^otsbam,  n.  -C ;  "^ot^^ 
bamcr,  indd  adj. 

pour,  giegen,  irreg. ;  —  out 
{into  one's  cup),  cln'fd)cufen, 

practice,  Ubung,  /.,  pi  -en. 

pray,  benn,  adv. 

prefer,  tjor'gle^en,  irreg.,  lieber 
w.  verb,  as,  I  prefer  to  re- 
main at  home,  id)  bleibe  lieber 
gu  §aufe,  I  prefer  water,  ic^ 
trinfe  Ueber  SBaffer,  etc. 

prepaid,  franfie'rt ;  not  — , 
un'franfiert. 

present,  su'gegen  ;  for  the  — , 
Uor'Idufig  ;  (introduce)  uor'- 
ftellen,  dat.  of  pers.  to  whom. 

preserves,  (Sin'gemad}te8,  w. 
(d'cl  like  n.  adj.,  '^a^  Sin'^ 
gemad^tc,  etc.),  ^ompott',  n. 
-(e)8,  pi  -e. 

pretty,  fd)on,  ^iibfd) ;  —  well, 
giemlid)  loo^t,  gut. 

price,  ^i>rci8,  m.  -e§,  pi  -  e. 

principal  role,  par^  §aupt'=» 
roUe,  /.,  pi  -u. 

prison,  ©cfdngnig,  n.  -niffeS, 
pi  -niffe ;  spend  (time)  in  — , 

ab'Ti^c^f  '^«i/- 
private,  —  apartment(s),  ^ri= 
uat'iuo^nung, /.,  pi  -en;  — 
hotel,      mobtie'rteg     ^otel, 
$otel  garnit 


68 


VOCABULARY. 


probably,  n)al)r'fcf)einUd), 
professor,  ^rofeff'or,  m.  -^,pl. 

-fo'ren. 
profitable,  ®ett)lnn  (m.)  brln= 

genb,  irreg. 
program,  Xljta' ttv^ttttl,  m.  -g, 

pi-, 
prohibit,  Derbieten,  irreg. 
prompter,  ©ouffleur'  {Fr,  eu), 

m.  -§,  pi.  -e ;   prompter's 

box,  @ouff(eur'faften,  m.  -g, 

pL-. 
promptly,  piinlt,  pun!tUd^» 
pronounce,    au^'fpred^en,    ir- 

pronunciation,  ^UiS'fprad^e,  /. 

proper,  fdjidUrf). 

prose,  'J3ro}a,  /. 

prove,  betDel(en,irref;.;  —one's 

identity,  ftc^  legitimle'ren* 
provide,  u  erf  el)  en,  irreg, 
public,  ^ub'Ufum,  n.  -« ;  in 

— ,  offentUt^, 
pull,   sielien,  irreg,  {at,  or  on, 

an  w.  dat) ;  reigen,  irreg.;  — 

on,    an'giel^en,    an'brlngen, 

irreg. 
pumps,  S^an^'jc^u^e,  m,  pi.  of 

punch,  couple'ren. 
punctuation  mark,  3nter^nn!* 

tiong'gei(i)en,  n.  -%,  pi.  -. 
punishment,  Strafe,/.,  pi.  -n» 
purchase,  Ibfen.    (Sln'tauf,  m. 

-(e)g,  pi  -fcinfe. 
push,  briirfen;   —  about,  fic^ 

l^erum'ftogen,  irreg, 
put,    t^nn,    irreg,,     ^In'tl^nn, 

laben,  irreg.,   legen ;  —  on, 

an'jiel)en,  irreg.;  —  up,  ein^ 

Icl^ren  (fein). 


quadrille,  OuabrtHe  {jpron.  ^a-» 
bririe),/.,p?.  -n,  ^ontretan^, 
m.  -eg,  pi  —  tdnge,  ^ontre, 
dontre,  m.  -8,  pi  -g. 

quality,  ©iite,/.,  Onalitat',/., 
pi  -en. 

quarter,  33tertel,  n.  -g,  p^.  - ; 
a  —  after  nine,  ein  iBlertei 
anf  3e^n,  or  nad)  neun  ;  a  — 
to  ten,  brei  ^iertcl  anf  ge^n, 
or  ein  ^iertet  Dor  it\)\\ ;  a  — 
of  an  hour,  eine  iBier'tel= 
ftnnbe. 

question,  grage,  /.,  pi  -n, 

quick,  rafc^,  fc^nell,  {colloquial) 
ft^ ;  be  — !  beeilen  @ie  fi(^ ! 

quickly,  rafc^,  fd)nell,  gefd^mlnb, 
{colloquial)  fij:. 

quiet,  rnl)ig,  ftill. 

quire,  ^nc^,  n.  -eg,  pi  ^iidjer. 

quite,  ganj. 

race,  @efci^Ied)t,  n,  -(e)g,  pZ.  -er. 
rack,  9^e^,  n.  -eg,  pi  -e,  ©e^^ 

pdd'nefe,  n. 
radish,  9labie'gd)en,  n.  -g,  pZ.  - 
railroad,  or  railway,  (Ei'fen* 


ba^n, /.,  pi  -en; 


brake. 


^remfe,  /.,  pi  -n  ;  —  {stock) 
company,  @i'fenba()na!tien= 
gefeUf(^aft,  /.,  pi  -en;  — 
map,  D^ei'fefartc,  /.,  pi  -n ; 
—  ticket  office  {sale,  in  hotel), 
(gi'fenba^nbiUett)er!anf,m.  -g. 

rain,  regnen.  9^egen,  m.  -g; 
direction  for  — ,  ^le'genfcite, 
/.,  pl  -n. 

raise  {money),  lofen. 

rapidly,  fc^neH. 

rare  {cooked),  raenig  gebrateu 
(braten,  irreg.). 


VOCABULARY. 


rasor,  9iafier'meffer,  n.  -a,  pi. 

-,  aSeffciv  n. 
raspberry,  §im'bcei*e,/.,pZ.-u. 
rather,    Ueber ;     should,    or 

would  — ,  ntbd)te  (mogen,  ir- 

reg,)  (icbev. 
reach,  erreld^en. 
read,  lefen,  irreg. 
ready,  fertig,  bereit ;  get  — , 

ftd^  fertig  madden. 
real  (genuine),  td)t 
receipt,  quittie'ren.  Cuittiiug, 

/.,  pi  -en,  (Smpfang'fc^ein,  m. 

-§,  p?.  -e. 
receiye,  er!^alten,  irreg.,  befom= 

mtn,  irreg. ;  empfang en,  irre^.; 

auf'ne^men,  irreg. j-  —  back 

{c?iange\  Ijeran^'befommen. 
reception  room,    (Smpfang8% 

gimmer,  n.  -^,  pi  -. 
recognize,    fennen,  irreg.,   tx^ 

fennen. 
recommend,  em^febten,  irreg. 
recoyered,  to  hare  — ,  trieber^: 

ber'geftellt   fetn  (/r.   luieber:^ 

l^er'ftellen). 
red,  rot. 
reduced,  rebujie'rt  (Jr.  rebu= 

gie'ren). 
refreshment,    @rfrif d^ung,  ■  /. , 

pi  -en ;  —  room,  $Reftanra= 

tion',  /.,   pi    -en,    {B:  R.) 

^a^n'^of^reftauratlon,  /. 
regards,    ©riige    (m.    pi    of 

©rug),  (Smpfe^htngen  (/.   pi 

of  Sm^)fel^Uing) ;  giye  my  — 

to,  empfe^ten  (irreg.)  ®ie  mid) 

an  10.  ace,  nteine  ©riige  an 

w.  ace. 
register,    ein'fdbreiben,  irreg.; 

grem'benbui^,    n.    -e^,    pi 

-hiidjtx. 


regular,  re'gettttagig. 
regulate,  regnUe'ren, 
Reichstag,  9ieic^§'tag,  m.  -(e)8. 
related,  uern^anbt  (to,  mit). 
remain,    bleiben,  irreg.   (fein), 

^idj  anf  fatten,  irreg. 
remedy,  dnbern. 
remember,   —  me  to   him, 

griigcn  @ie  il^n  t)on  mlr. 
renowned,  berii^mt. 
rent,  mieten,  tei^en,  irreg. 
repair,  reparle'ren,  aus'beffern. 
repeat^  tt)iebcrl)o'len. 
repeatedly,  nte^r'matg. 
reply,  ^nt'njort,  /.,  pi  -en  (to, 

anf  w.  ace). 
represent,  i^or'ftellen. 
reserre,   belegen,  be^alten,  ir- 
reg.,    referbie'ren ;      nume* 

rie'ren. 
residence,    SBol^nung,  /.,   pi 

-en ;  take  up  a— ,  e  in  Domigil' 

(2)omicir)  auf'fd)Iagen,  irreg. 
rest,    aug'ru^en.     (remainder) 

9left,  m.  -e§,  pi  -e. 
restaurant,  9leftauration',  /., 

pi  -en. 
retain,  bel^alten,  irreg. 
return,    jurucf'fommen,   irreg, 

(fein),  gnrncf'fe^ren  (fein). 
review,  S^ecenfton',  /.,  pi  -en. 
reward,  iBelo^nung,/.,  pi  -en. 
rich,  reid^. 
ride,    S^^itt,    m.    -e«,    pi    -e; 

reiten,  irreg.;  —  up,  l^inauf'^ 

reiten  (fein). 
right,  be  — ,  red^t  ^aben,  irreg.; 

be  not  — ,  nn'rec^t  ^aben ; 

(correct)  rid^tig  ;  to,  at,  on  the 

— ,  ret|ta,  3ur  9iec^ten ;    to 

the  --,  nad^  red^ta ;  all  — ! 

fc^on!   gnt! 


70 


VOCABULARY. 


rightly,  ric^tig,  red^t. 

riii&j  fUngehi,  fd^eUen,  tauten ; 

the  bell  has  rung',  eg  l^at  ge< 
fUngelt.   9^iiig,  m.  -eg,  pi.  -e ; 

diamond  — ,  !5)lantant'ring, 

m. 
rip,  auf'gel)en,  irreg,  (fein), 
rise,    auf'fte^en,   irreg.   (fein) ; 

auf'fteigen,  irreg.  (fein) ;    {of 

the     sun)    auf'ge^en,     irreg. 

(fein), 
Rltter,  9^itter,  m.  -8. 
rlyer,  glug,  m.  -eg,  pZ.  gliiffe. 
road,    Seg,   m.   -eg,  p?.    -e ; 

53a^n,  /.,  pZ.  -en;   rail  — , 

©i'jenbal^n,  /. 
roast,  ^raten,  m.  -g,  pl.-\  — 

beef,  S^lin'berbraten,  m.;    — 

meat,  iBraten, 
roasted,    well    — ,    burd^'ge= 

braten  (braten,  irreg.). 
role,  ^RoHe,  /.,  pi.  -n» 
roll,  ^ornd^en,  n.  -g,  p?.  -. 
roUing,  ®d^tt)an!en,  w.  -g. 
Rome,  9lom,  n,  -g. 
room,  3in^Jner,  n.  -g,  pi.  -; 

hammer,/.,  pZ.  -u  ;  ^lat?,  m. 

-eg,  p^.  ^lalje;  9^utniner, /., 

pi.  -n ;  (dioeW)  logie'reu  {Fr. 

g  =  z^)- 
rongh,  un'geftum* 
round-trip  ticket,  Slunb'rcife^^ 

billet  {pron.  biU^et')/  »i.  -g, 

pi.  -billette,  -biUetg. 
row,  9ieit)e,  /.,  pi.  -n. 
royal,    fbuiglic^ ;    the   Royal 

Theater     (in     Berlin),     bag 

^oniglic^e  @^au'fpiel^aiig, 
nm,  laufen,  irreg.;  —  about, 

lucrum 'lauf en  (fein);  —down, 

ab'Iaufen  (fein) ;    —  in,  ein'= 

lanfen  (fein) ;  fii^ren. 


sail,  fegeln,  ob'fegeln. 

salad,  ©a'lat,  m.  -(e)g,pZ.  -c. 

salary,  ©e^alt,  n.  or  m.  -g,  pi 

-e;  ©age  (Fr.  g=zh)J.,pl.  -n. 
salt,  ©alg,  n.  -eg,  pi.  -e;  — 

meat,  (Sal^'fteifi^,  n.  -eg,  pZ. 

-e ;  —  pork  (—  meat),  ^o'* 

telfleifcl),  n. 
same,    the  -,  ber,  bic,  \>a%^ 

fel'be ;  all  the  — ,  alleg  eing, 

ei'nerlei. 
sample,  ^robe,  /.,  pi.  -n. 
sandwich,     g(eifd^'butterbrot, 

n.  -g,  pi  -e,  gleifd^'butter- 

brotti^en,  n.  -g,  pi  -. 
satisfied,  gnfrie'ben. 
Saturday,  ©onn'abenb,  m.  -g, 

p^.  -e,  (gamg'tag,  m.  -g,  p/. 

-e ;  —  eyening',  ©onn'abenb 

abenb. 
sausage,  SSurft,  /.,  pL  SBiirfte. 
say,  fag  en,  reben. 
scarcely,  fanm. 
scenery,  ©eforotio'nen  (/.  pL 

of  2)e!oration')- 
schedule,  —  of  fare(s),  gal^r'* 

taye,/.,  pZ.  -n. 
scorching,  brennenb,  irreg, 
sea,  ajJeer,  w.  -eg,  pi  -c,  @ee, 

/.,  pi  -n ;  —  sick,  fec'fran!. 
seam,  9^a^t,  /.,  pi  9^a^te. 
seat,  ^-Pla^,  m.  -eg,  pi  $la^e, 

@i^,  m.  -eg,  pi  -e ;  (m  cars, 

carriage,     etc.,    w.    hack   to 
front)  9lucf'fi^/  (facing  front) 

^or'berfi^ ;  —in  a  box  {thea- 
ter), l^o'genpla^  (Fr.  g  =  zh), 

m. ;  —  in  parquet,  ^arfett'* 

pla^,  m. 

second,  gmelt ;  tnittter. 

secure,  ficf)ern ;  lofen. 

see,    fe^en,   irreg.;     an'fel^en; 


VOCABULARY. 


71 


nad^'fe^en;  —  beforehand, 
t)orou8'fe^en ;  —  to,  —  to 
getting,  —  to  taking^  be= 

f org en. 
geem^  fc^cincn,  irreg, 
seldom,  felten. 
self-acting,  feibft'toirfenb. 
sell,  oerfaufen. 
seltzer  water,  @ertcrtt)affer, 

n.  -§. 
send,  fd)i(fen,  fenben,  irreg.  or 

reg.;  ^iu'fc^icfen ;  auf'geben, 

irreg.  /  —for,  ^oleu  laff  en,  irreg. 
sender,  5lb'fenber,  m.  -%,  pi.  -. 
sentence,    @a^,    m.    -eg,   pi. 

@d^e. 
separate,  fid)  trcnnen. 
senrant,  ^cbicnte,  m.  -n,  pi 

-n ;  ^ettner,  m.  -g,  pi.  -. 

senre,  bebiencn ;  auf  tragen,  ir- 
reg. 

service,  33ebienung,  /.,  pi  -en. 
session,  @i^ung,  /.,  pi  -en. 
set,  fetjen  ;  —  down,  ab'fe^en. 
seven,  fieben. 
several,  met)rere. 
Shakespeare,  ©^afefpearc,  m. 

-8. 
shall,     rt)erben,    irreg.    (fein), 

foUen,  irreg. 
sharp,  f(f)arf ;  at  nine  o'clock 

— ,  pun!t  neun  Ubr. 
shave,  barbie' ren,  rajie'ren. 
she,  fie  (eg,  er). 
sheet,  53Iatt,  n.  -e«,  pi  flatter, 

Sogen,  m.  -g,  pZ.  -. 
shine,  fc^einen,  irreg. 
ship,  @d)iff,  n.  -eg,  pi  -c. 
shirt,  §emb,  n.  -eg,  pi  -en. 
shoe,  ©c^nt),  m.  -eg,  p?.  -e ;  — 

maker,  ©d^uVmac^er,  m.  -g, 

ipl-. 


shont,  rufen,  irregr. 

show,  geigen  ;  —  up,  condnct, 

l^inauf'fii^ren. 
sick,  fran!;    make  — ,  !ran! 

madden,  U'belfeit  tjerur'fad^en. 
side,  ®eite,  /.,  pi  -n. 
sidewalk,  ^Irottoir'  {Fr.  oi\  n. 

-g,  pi  -g. 
sight,  ®lrf)t,  /.;  ©e'^engttJilr= 

bigfeit, /.,  pi  -en. 
signal,  3^id)ci^f  ^-  -^r  P^-  - 

(for,  gn) ;   (announce)  metben. 
signature,  Un'terfcf)rift,  /.,  pi 

-en. 
silk,  eeibe,  /.,  pi  -n;  silks, 

©el'benmare,  /.,  pi  -n ;  — 

hat,  St)Un'ber^ut,  m.  -g,  pi 

-f)utc ;  —  department,  ^b'* 

teUung    (/.)     ber    @ei'ben* 

njaren. 
silver,  ©ilber,  n,  -g. 
simple,  einfai^. 
since,  felt,  prep.  w.  daU;  fett« 

bem',  conj.^  adv. 
sing,  ftngen,  irreg, 
singer,  ©dnger,  m.  -g,  pi  -, 

©dngerin,  /.,  pi  -rinnen. 
singing,  @ingen,  n.  -g. 
sir,  §err,  m.  -(e)n,  pi  -en,  gna- 

biger  §err. 
sirloin  of  beef,  l^en'benbratcn, 

m.  -g,  pi  -. 
sister,  ®d)tt)efter,  /.,  p/.  -n. 
sit,  ftljen,  irre^r.;  —  down,  fid) 

fefeen. 
sitting  room,  ilSo^n'aitttmer,  n. 

-g,  p/.  -. 
six,  fed^g. 
sixteen,  fed^ge^n. 
sixtieth,  fed^gig^ 
sixty,  feci)^ig. 
size^  ©rbge,  /.,  pi  -xt. 


73 


VOCABULARY. 


skin,  ^aut, /.,  pi  §autc. 
sky,  §immel,  m.  -^,pl-  (in,  an). 
s'eep,    fd)Iafeu,    irreg.;     have 

one^s  sleep  out,  au^'fdilafen. 
sleeper,  sleeping  car,  ©d^Iaf^ 

UJaggon  (pron.  on  as  in  Fr.\ 

m.  -^,  pi  -g,  ©d^lafmagen, 

m.  -§,  pZ.  -. 
sleepy,  fcf)Iafrig. 
slippery,  fd^Iupfrig. 
slow,  be  — ,  lose  time^  naci|^ 

gel)en,  irreg.  (fein). 
slowly,  tang f am, 
small,  ftetn. 

smoke,  rand^en ;  ^andj,  m.  -e§. 
smoked,  gerdud^ert. 
smoker^  3f?aucf)er,  m.  -g,  pZ.  - ; 

(car,   coach)  3^and^'con^e,  n. 

-g,  pi  -§  ;  one  who  does  not 

smoke,  "iRi^^Vvan^tx,  m.  -g, 

pi-. 
smoking*^  '^andjtn,  n.  -^ ;  — 

car,  9^anc^'coupe,n.  -g,pZ.-g. 
smooth,  gtatt ;  ^axt 
snow,  fd^neien  ;  @cf)nee,  m.  -g. 
so,  fo  ;  eg  ;  Is  that  — ?  jo  ?  — 

that,  tia%  fo  bag. 
soft,  iDeid^,  j^art 
soiled,  fc^mn^ig. 
sole,  @ol)Ie,  /.,    p?.  -n;  put 

new  soles  on,  nen  befo^Ien. 
solo,  ®oto,  n.  -8,  pi  -g. 
some,  etmag,  tiniQt,  often  not  to 

he  translated ;  —  one,  jemanb  ; 

for  —  time,  langere  ^tit 
something,  etmag. 
sometimes,  bigmcl'Ien. 
somewhat,  etmag. 
son,  @o{)n,  m.  -eg,  pi  @o!)ne. 
soon,  halh  ;  as  —  as,  job  alb. 
soprano,     ®opran',    m.    -g ; 

{singer)  ^ofjran'janger,  m.  ~g^ 


pi  -,  ©opran'jdngcrin,/.,  pi. 

-rlnnen. 
sorry,  I  am  — ,  eg  t^^nt  {irreg,) 

mir  leib,  id}  bebaure. 
soup,  ®nppe, /.,  pi  -n. 
speak^  jpred)en,  irreg.,  reben. 
specimen,  ^robe,  /.,  pi  -n, 

(S^einplav',    n.   -eg,  p?.   -e ; 

fine  — ,  ^rad^t'e3[:emplar,  n. 
speed,    ®(!)netllg!eit,   /.,    @e= 

jc^minblgfeit,  /. 
spend,  t)erbringen,  irreg.,  gn^ 

bring  en  ;  —  in  prison,  ab'^ 

ft^en,  irreg. 
split,  —  the   difference,  bic 

S)ifferenj'  teilen. 
spoon,    ?o.ffet,    m.   -g,   pi   -; 

dessert  — ,  2)efjert'(offe(,  m. 
spread,  be  (fen. 
square  (place),  ^la^,  m.  -eg, 

pZ.  ^la^e ;  opera  — ,  O'pern* 

piai},  m.;  adj.  ftnm^f. 
stage,   ^nf)ne,  /.,  pi  -n;   — 

coach^   ^oft'magen,   m.    -g, 

pZ. -. 
stairs,  a  flight  of  — ,  Xvtppt, 

/.,  pi  -n  ;  down  — ,  nnten ; 

up  — ,  oben. 
stamp,  ftem^etn  ;  postage  — , 

S3riej'mar!e,  /.,  pi  -n. 
stand,  fte{)en,  irreg.;  (bear)  t)er* 

tragen,  irreg. 
start,  ab'reijen  (jein),  ab'ge^en, 

irreg.  (jein),  ab' fasten,  irreg. 

(jein). 
station,  ^Bal^n'^of,  m.  -(e)g,  pi 

-l^ofe ;  Station',/.,  p?.  -en. 
stationer,    papier' ^dnbler,  m. 

-g,p?. -. 
stay,  bleiben,  irreg.  (jein) ;  — 

oyer    night,    iibernac^'ten; 

{put  up)  einie^ven  (jein). 


VOCABULARY. 


x73 


steamer,  2)ampfer,  m.  -«,  pi 
- ;  2)ampf'fd)iff,  n.  -t^fpl.  -e. 

steamship,  3)ampf 'frf)iff,  n.  -e8, 
pZ.  -e;  S)ampfer,  m.  -^,  pZ. 
-;  —  company,  2)atnpf'= 
fd^iffaf)rt^geieajd)aft,  /.,  p/. 
-en ;  —  line,  2)amp'ferUnie, 
/.,  pi  -n. 

steel,  @ta^(,  m.  ~c^,pl.  ®tdl)Ie ; 
—  pen,  ^ta\)V]thtx,f.,pL  -n. 

stem- winder,  9^emontotr'u^r 
(i^K  oi),  /.,  pi.  -en. 

step,  treten,  irreg.  (feln) ;  — 
in,  ein'treten,  ein'fteigen,  ir- 
reg, (fein),  fteigen  in  w.  ace. 

stewed,  gebunftet. 

stiff  (wind),  jc^arf. 

stifled,  be  —3  erfticfen  {voith, 
from,  t3or,  an  w.  dat). 

still,  noc!^,  adv. 

stock,  51!' tie,  /.,  ph  -n. 

stone,  ®tein,  m.  -e«,  pZ.  -e ; 
precious  — ,  S'belftein,  m. 

stop,  ^alten,  irreg.,  an'^alten ; 
ftel^en,  irreg.,  bleiben,  irreg. 
(fein) ;  {put  up)  ein'fe^ren 
(fein) ;  —  {payment),  ein^ 
fteUen.  ^nf  entt)a(t,  m.  -g. 

stopping  place (s^ree^  cars,  etc.), 
§ar teftelle,  /.,  pL  -n,  ^n'= 
^altefteUe,  /. 

store,  li?aben,  m.  -§,  pZ.  ?aben. 

storm,  thnnder  — ,  ©eraitter, 

w.  -^,  pi.  -. 
story,  ®to(f,  m.  -e«,  p/.  @tbcfe, 

©tocf'njerf,    n.    -§,   pZ.    -e ; 

second  — ,  jwei  Streppen  ^oc^. 
straight,  gerabe,  adj.  or  adv.; 

ftracfg,  adv.;  —ahead,  gerabe 

aug. 
strawberry,  ©rb'beere,  f.,pl. 


street,  ©trage, /.,  pi  -n;  — 
car,  •  $fer'bebaftnn)agen,  m. 
-g,  p2.  -;  —  door,  §an8'* 
tl)iir(e), /.,  pZ.  -en;  —  rail- 
way, —  cars,  ^]3fer'beba5n, 
/.,  pi  -cu,  ^43fcv'bceifenbal^n, 

/. 
strike,    fd^Iagen,    irreg,;    ein'=» 

jdjlagen  in  w,  ace;  {a  light) 

an'j^iinbem 
strict,  ftveng. 
strong,  ftarf. 
student  life,  @tnben'tenleben, 

n.  -g. 
study,  ftubie'ren. 
subscribe,    abonnie'ren    {for, 

anf  w.  ace). 
such,  fold^ ;  —  a,  ein  folcfjer, 

eine  fold^e,  ein  fotd)e§ ;  —  a 

thing,  a  thing  like  that,  fo 

etujag. 
suddenly,  ptbljlid^. 
suffer,  erieiben,  irreg. 
sufficient,  ^in'rei(^enb,  genug. 
sugar,  Bolder ,  m.  -§,  pi  -. 
suit    {please),    gef alien,    irreg, 

{dat.).    5ln'3ug,  m.  -(e)8,  pi 

-^itge. 
summer,  @ommcr,  m.  -g,  pi 

-;  —  residence,  @om'nter= 

n)ot)mtng,  /.,  pi  -en,  !?anb% 

l)au§,   n.    -eg,   pi    -pnfer ; 

^anb'fi^f  ^.  -e§,  p^.  -e. 
sun,  @onne,  /.,  pi  -n. 
supper,    ^'benbefi'cn,    n.    -8, 

51'benbbrot,  n.  -g. 
supplementary  ticket,  @rgdn'* 

gung^billet    {pron.,  biU^et'), 

n.  -g,  pZ.  -Ictte,  -lets. 
suppose,  tjermnten. 
sure,  to  be  —  I  al'IerbingS,  gc* 

it)i6. 


u 


VOCABULARY. 


surely,  ftd^er. 

surrounding  country,  Umge% 

^ii"g./»  P^'  -en. 
sweet,  fiig.    —  bread,  2Bro«= 

c^en,  n.  -§,  pi.  -. 
swim,  fd)  trim  in  en,  irreg. 
swimming  scliool,  @c^tt)lmm'= 

frf)iile,  /.,  pi  -n. 
Swiss    costume,    (Sd^njel'^er^ 

trad)t,  /.,  pi.  -en. 
switchman,  SBei'd^enftcEer,  m. 

-g,p/. -. 

table,  Sif^,  m.  -e«,  pi.  -e. 

table  d'hote,  SSirt^'tafel,  /., 
pi.  -n,  Stable  b'§6te  (pron.  as 
inFr.)J. 

taUor,  ©(f)neibeiv  m.  -§,  pZ.  -. 

take,  nel)men,  irreg.;  effen,  ir- 
regf.;  it'mitxi,  irreg.;  geniegen, 
irreg.;  {carry)  tragen,  irreg., 
beforbern  ;  (choose)  tDd^ten  ; 
(engage,  occupy)  befe^en ; 
(make)  madden ;  (regard)  IjaU 
ten  (irreg.)  fiir ;  (move)  fd^af= 
fen  ;  (iois/i)n)unf(^en  ;  (a  road) 
ein'fd)Iagen,  irreg.;  —  away, 
ab'ne^men,  treg'rdnmen, 
tt)eg'net)men ;  —  care,  adjU 
geben,  irreg.;  —  on,  in,  ein'> 
ne^men;  —  along,  with 
one,  mit'ne^men ;  -—  up  (a 
note),  ein'lofen ;  —  up  (a 
residence),  auf'fd)lagen ;  —  up 
again,  uneberanf'nel)men. 

tall,  grog. 

Tannhauser,  Slann'liaufer,  m. 


taste,  foften;    fdimecfen. 

fcftmoct,  m.  -g. 
tasty,  gefd^mo(ft)oII. 
tea-  Xijtt,  m,  -«, 


@e. 


telegraph,  telcgrartie'rcn ;  — 
office,  jlelegra'^^enamt,  n. 
-(e)§,  pi.  -dmter,  (in  hotel) 
^elegra'ipl^enbureau  (bn=ro'), 
n.  -g,  pi.  -g,  or  -J ;  by  — , 
pn  XtUqxaplj'  (m.),  it\u 
gra>{)if(f). 

telegram,  S)epe(d^'e,  /.,  pi.  -n, 
S^elegramm',  n.  -(e)g,  pi.  -e ; 
by  — ,  per  ^etcgrapVf  tele* 
gra>f)ifcf). 

telephone,  gern'fpred^er,  m.  -g, 
ph  -,  ^etep^on',  n.  -%,pl.  -c ; 
5?ern'fprec^einric^tung,  /.,  pi 
-en;  —  office,  '^txn\)?xt6)* 
ftelle,  /.,  pi  -%  f?ern'ipred&» 
ami,  n.  -§>,  pi  -amter. 

tell,  fag  en  (to  one,  dat.). 

ten,  get)n ;  a  — ,  cin  S^^ner,  m. 
-^,pl-. 

tender,  miirbe,  gart.  (B.  B.) 
Xenber,  m.  -^,  pi  -. 

tenor,  Stenor',  m.  -Q,pl  -e. 

text,  Xt^t,  m.  -e«,  pi  -e, 

than,  al@. 

thank,  ban!en,  dat. 

that,  ber,  biejer,  jener;  (ret. 
pronoun)  htv,  ttjeld^er,  UJaS; 
(conj.)  t>a^;  so  — ,  ba%  fo 
baj3 ;  with  — ,  bamit' ;  in 
order  — ,  bamit'. 

thaw,  tanen. 

the,  ber,  bie,  t)a^, 

theater,  X^ea'ter,  n.  -8,  pi  - ; 
(representation)  ©piel,  n.  -e§, 
pi  -e,  ^Sor'ftellnng,/.,  pi  -en. 

then,  ba'mat«,  bann ;  bcnn. 

there,  t^a,  ba^ln',  bort ;  —  is, 
are,  eg  ift,  fmb. 

thereafter,  thereupon,  bar* 
auf. 


VOCABULARY. 


75 


therefore,    bal)er',   a[\o,  bem* 

nad)'. 
these,  biefc ;  bicfeS,  \>a^,  efe, 
they,  fie,  \>a^,  c§ ;  ntan  {nom. 

sing.  only). 
thick,  hidjt ;  bicf. 
thing,  (Baiijt,  /.,  pZ.  -n,  S)lng, 

n.  -e§,  p^  -c. 
think,  benfen,  irreg.,  glauben, 

fiuben,  irreg. 
third,  brltt. 
thirs^,  burftig  ;  be  — ,  burftig 

fcin,  or  c§    biirftet,  etc.,  w. 

ace.  of  per s. 
thirty,  breigig ;   —  flye,  fiinf 

unb  brcigig. 
this,  bicfer,  -e,  -e8 ;   bcr,  W, 

ba«. 
tiiose,  biefc,  jene,  bie;  biefeg, 

icneS,  ba«,  e§. 
thousand,  taufenb. 
three,  bvei. 
through,  bur(^,  prep.  w.  ace.,- 

adv.,  ou§,   gu   (Snbe ;    a  — 

coach,     ein     buvc^'ge^enber 

SBagen. 
throw,  Uievfen,  irreg.,-  —down, 

wm'reigen,  irreg.,  um'merfeu ; 

—  upside  down,  bnrd)einan'= 

bernierfen. 
Thursday,  3)on'ner«tog,  m.  -^, 

pi  -e. 
ticket,  ^iUet'  (pron.  SBiU^et'), 

n.    -Q,   pi   -lette,  or  -lets  ; 

return  — ,   9?unb'reifebiUet, 

n.;  —  office,  53iUet'faffe,/., 

pi  -r\,  taffe,  /. 
Tiergarten,    ^ier'garten,   m. 

-§  {name  of  a  park  in  Berlin). 
tight,  eng. 
time,  S^it,  /.,  pl  -en,  ©tunbe, 


/.,  pl  -n,  Tta\,  n.  -t^,pl  -c ; 
U^r,  /.,  indcl;  what  — ,  n)ie 
Diet  Ubr,  at  what  — ,  \\m  mic 
toiel  U^r ;  in  — ,  red)t'geitig  ; 
a  long  — ,  lange,  lange  3cit ; 
at  the  same  — ,  gug(eid)' ;  — 
of  day,  2:a'gc«ftnnbe,/.;  the 
first  — ,  sum  erften  ilJlal ;  — 
table,  ga^r'ptatt,  m.  ~(e)«; 
pl  -t,  -^Icine. 

tired,  miibe,  ermiibct 

to,  },\x,  bi§  ^u,  bi§,  auf,  nad^,  tnit, 
an,  bei;  in  order--,  um . . .  gu 
w.  infinitive ;  from  •••to««*, 
t)on . . .  bi§ . . . 

to-day,  l)eute ;  — 's,  ^eutig,  adj, 

together,  jufam'men,  adv.  or 
sep.  pref. 

to-morrow,  morgen ;  —  morn- 
ing, tnorgeu  frii^  ;  —  eren- 
ing,  morgen  abenb;  day 
after  — ,  ii'bcrmorgen. 

to-night,  l^eute  abenb. 

too,  su ;  ip^so)  ou(^. 

tooth,  B^^u,  m.  -e§,  pl  35^tic. 

top,  on  — ,  oben  ;  auf  bem  {or 
ba§)  ^erbecf. 

towards,  ge'gen,  prep.  w.  ace. 

towel,  ^ant>'tnd),  n.  -c8,  pl 
-tiidjtv. 

town,  @tabt,  /.,  pl  @tabtc. 

track,  ©eleife,  n.  -g,  pl  -, 
®(ei«,  n.  -e^,  pl  -e,  @c^ie% 
nengteig,  n. ;  {rails)  ©t^iencn 
(/.  pL  of  @d)iene). 

trade,  §anbe(,m.  -^,pl  $onbeL 

tragedy,  !j;rau'erf^)iel,  n.  -(e)8, 
pl  -e. 

tragic,  tragifd^. 

train,  ^nc^,  m.  -e«,  pl  3ugc. 

tramway,  ^fer'beba^n,  /.,  pl 


76 


VOCABULARY. 


-en,     ^fer'beeifenba^n,     /., 

2:ranttt)at),  /.,  pL  -^. 
transfer  (ticket),  ^orrefponbeng'^ 

maxh,f.fPl  -n,  Um'fteigfarte, 

/.,  pi  -tu 
travel,  reifen, 
traveling  bag,  9iel'fetaf^e, /., 

pl.  -n, 
tree,  Saum,  m.  -e0,  pl  33dume, 
trifle,  ^(et'nlgfeit,/.,  pl  -en, 
trip,  9?eife,/.,pZ.  -n. 
troop,  Xxn\iptff.,pl  -n,  ®e|eU- 

\d)a\t,f.,pl  -en/ 
trouble,  3Ku^e,  /.,  pl  -n,  33e= 

mii^ung,  /.,  pZ.  -en ;  take  the 

— ,  fidi  bemii^en ;  (interrupt, 

disturb)  ftoren, 
trousers,  §ofen,  pl 
true,  tt)at)r. 

trunk,  Coffer,  m.  -g,  pl  -. 
try,  uerfud^en;  probie'ren;  — 

on,  pxohit'vmr  an'probieren. 
tunnel,  Xunnel,  m.  -g,  pl  -,  -g, 
turkey,  $ute,  /.,  p?.  -n,  XxnV^ 

\)a^nf  m.  -(e)g,  pl  -^^ne, 
turn,  fid)  tuenben ;   —  about, 

uni'fe^ren  (when  intr.,  fein). 
turnip,  meige  ^ftiibe,  /.,  pl  -n. 
twelve,  stuolf;    —  hundred, 

j^molf  {)nubert. 
twenty,  gin  an  jig  ;  —three,  brei 

unb  i^manjig  ;    -  four,  tjier 

unb  gttjanjtg  ;    —  Ave,  fiinf 

unb  jnjangig ;  —  seven,  fieben 

unb  gnjanjig. 
two,  iXQtU 

umbrella,  Sf^e'genfc^irm,  m.  -§, 

pl  -e» 
unbearable,  nn'ertvagtid^. 
uncertain,  un'fici)er. 


uncle,  Onfel,  m.  -g,  pl  -. 
under,  xmitXfprep.w.dat.  or  ace, 
understand^  uerftel)en,  irreg.; 

fonnen,  irreg. 
unengaged,  frei. 
United  States,  the,  ble  SBerei* 

nigten  ^Staaten, 
university,  Unitierfitdt',  /.,  pl 

-en» 
unoccupied,  frei» 
unpleasant^  nn'angene'^m. 
unsettled,  nn'beftdnbtg. 
Unter  den  Linden,  Unter  ben 

l^inben,  bie  l^inben. 
until,  big;  (before)  beDor,  el)e. 
up,  auf,  adv.  orsep.  pref.;  anf = 

geftanben  (fte^en,  irreg.);  — 

and  down,  anf  nnb  ((b ;  — 

there,  bort  oben. 
upon,  anf,  prep.  w.  dot.  or  ace. 
uppers,  leather  for  the  — , 

D'berleber,  n.  -8. 
use,  gebrauc^en,  brand^en,  be* 

nnljen ;  fid)  bebienen  (w.  gen.). 

©ebrand^,  m.  -(e)g,  pl  @e= 

brdnc^e ;  in  — ,  gebrdud)Ud^. 
usually,  genjo^nlid^. 

vacant^  frei. 

vacate,  rdnmen. 

valise,  9?ei'fetafd^e,  /.,  pl  -n, 

laWr  /. 
value,  5Sert,  m.  -eg,  pl  -e. 
vanilla  ice  cream,  3>anir(eeig, 

n.  -eg. 
vapor,  2)nnft,  m.  -eg,jpZ.  2)unjle. 
various,  oerfd^ieben. 
veal  cutlet,    kalbg'fotelett,  w. 

-g,  pl  -g,  -e. 
vegetable(s),    ©cmiife,  n.  -3, 

p/. -. 


VOCABULARY. 


77 


Terse,  S5er§,  m.  -  e§,  pi  -c. 
Tery,  fel)r. 

Test,  3Befte,/.,  p?.  -n. 
yiaduct,  Uberbriicf'ung,  /.,  pi 

-en,  33iabuft,  m.  -§,  pZ.  -e. 
Ticinity,  D^^d^e,/.,  pZ.  -n. 
Vienna,  Sieu,  w.  -g. 
view,  5(u§'fit^t,  /.,  pi  -en. 
vinegar,  (Sffig,  w-  -^,  pl  -e. 
visit,  befud^en.  53efud^,  m.  -e8, 

p^.  -e. 
voice,  ©timme,  /.,  pl  -n. 

Wagner,  SBagner,  m.  -8. 
waist,  XaiVU{pron.  Xarje),/., 

pZ.  -n. 
wait,  tuarten ;  —  for,  erraarten, 

njarten  auf  w.  ace,  abmarten. 
waiter,  ^eUuer,  m.  -g,  pZ.  -. 
waiting  room,  SSar'tefaat,  m. 

-e§,  pZ.  -fcile. 
walk,  get)en,  irregr.  (feln),  p  giig 

gef)eu ;  take  a  — ,  fpagie'reu 

ge^en,    einen    ©pa^ier'gang 

madden.      ©pagier'gang,   m. 

-(e)8,  pl  -gdnge;   (passage, 

avenue)  5(Ilee',/.,  pl  -n. 
waltz,  Salter,  m.  -g,  p?.  -. 
want  (lack),  2}?ange(,  m.  -8,  pZ. 

^JJMngel  (o/,  aii  lo.  daf.);  fe^:^ 

len,  dat  of  pers. ;  impers.  w. 

dat  of  pers.  and  an  w,  dat  of 

thing. 
warm,  ttiarm. 
washing,  W6,\6)t,f.y  pl  -n. 
waste-paper  basket,  papier' = 

forb,  m.  -{t)%,  pl  -forbe. 
watch,  U^r,  /.,  pl  -en,  2^a% 

frf)enuf)v,  /./   —  key,  U!)r'= 

fdjliiffet,  m.  -8,  pZ.  -. 
water,  SSaffer,  n.  -8 ;  waters, 


waves,  SBellen  {f.plof^tX* 

le);— works,  SSaf'fedeltung* 

en  if.  pl  of  SBaf'fedeitung). 
way,  SSeg^m.  -t^,pl  -e;  SBeife, 

/.,  pl  -n  ;  on  the  — ,  unter* 

tregg';  this  —  !  ^ierlier'!  by 

—  of,  iiber ;  in  tliis  — ,  auf 

biefe  SSeifc. 
we,  ttjir. 
weak,  fd^njadf). 
wealth,  9fleirf)tum,  m.  -(e)8,  pl 

-tiimer ;   {property)    SSermo* 

gen,  n.  -6. 
wear,  tragen,  irreg. 
weather,  ilSetter,  n.  -8;    — 

vane,  2Set'terfa^ne,/.,pZ.  -n. 
Wednesday,  nJlitt'raoc!^,  m.  -8, 

p/.  -e. 
week,  SSod^e,/.,  pi!,  -n. 
weigh,  m  leg  en,  irreg. 
Weimar,  SSeimar,  n.  -8, 
well,  {adv.\  gut,  ujo^l ;  nun ; 

as  —  ... .  as,  fon:)o^( .... 

al8 ;  not  very  — ,  nidit  bc= 

fonberg ;  I  am  pretty  — ,  e8 

gel^t  mlr  ^iemtlc^  gut. 
Weser,  SBefer,/. 
wet,    nag  ;    become  — ,  nag 

tDerben,  irreg.  (fein). 
what,  inter,  pro.  n)a8;  infer,  pro. 

or  adj.  tueld^er,  n:)a8  fiir;  Qww) 

mie. 
when,  at8 ;  ttjann ;  urn  ttjelcfte 

3eit?  urn  ujie  t)iel  U^r?  {if, 

as  often  as)  ttjenn. 
whether,  ob  ;  I  wonder  — ,  if^ 

ob,  conj. 
which,  metd^er,  ber,  tt)a8. 
while,  tnbem',  njdftrenb ;  a  —, 

eine  3Selle ;   a  {little)  — ,  ein 

@tuubd)en,  n.  -8. 


78 


VOCABULARY. 


whist,  2Bt)ift  (pron,  ilSifl),  n.  -8. 
whistle,  pfeifen,  irreg. 
white,  meig. 

whither,  tt)ol)in',  itio  , . . .  ijiih 
who,  tDer,  inter,  pro.  ;  rd.  pro. 

ber,  \V)M)n'. 
why,  ruantm'. 
wide,  tueit. 
wife,  grau,/.,  pZ.  -en ;  @cma^= 

lin,/.,  pZ.  -linuen. 
WilHainCs)     street,       2BiI% 

{)e(m(t^)ftra6c,  /. 
William  Tell,  SiHelm  2:eU,  m. 

-g 
wind,  auf  gle^en,  irreg.    Stub, 

m.  -e«,  pZ.  -c. 
window,  genfter,  n.  -g,  pZ.  -. 
wine,  3^eiu,  m.  -e6,  pZ.  -e. 
win^,  gliiger,  m.  -§,  pZ.  -. 
wipe  olf,  ab 'ru if rfieiu 
wish,  moUen,  irreg.,  ttJilnfd^en. 

2Buu]d),  m.  -eg,  pZ.  2Bunfcf)e. 
with,  mit,  bei,  gu,  tjon,  oZZ  lo, 

dat. 
within,  b  inn  en,  prep.  w.  dat. 
without,  ol)ue,  prep.  id.  ace. 
woman,  grait,/.,  pi.  -en,  2)ame, 

/.,pZ.  -n;  3Seib,n.  -e«,pZ.  -er. 
wonder,    n?  iff  en   ntoc;en,    both 

irreg.;  I  wonder  if,  whether, 

ob,  conj. 
wonderful,  ttJnnberbar. 
wondrously    beautiful,   yery 

beautiful,  n)nn'berfd)on. 
word,  Sort,  n.  -e§,  pi.  -c  {in 

lists,  etc.,  Shorter) ;  on  my 

— ,  anf  ©f)re,  auf  mein  Sort, 

meiner  2^rcn. 
work,  ^r'bcit,/.,  pi.  -en;  SBerl, 

n.  -eg,  pi.  -e ;  works  (in  a 

watch),  Serf,  n.  sing. 


worth,  be  — ,  gelten,  irreg. 
write,  fd^reiben,  irreg.;  —down, 

anf  fcfireiben ;   —  out,  au«^ 

fd)reiben,  fd^reiben. 
writing  materials,    (Sd^reib'^ 

materialien,  n.  pi.  of^^xtxV* 

niaterial(e). 
writing  paper,  ®d)reib 'papier, 

n.  -(e)g,pZ.  -e. 
wrong,    nn'red^t,    nn'rid^tig, 

falfd) ;  be  — ,  nn'red^t  ^aben, 

irreg. 

yard  {measure),  (SUe,  /.,  pi.  -n. 
year,  3a^r,  n.  -c«,  pi.  -e. 
yes,  ja ;  — ,  indeed,  bod^,  ol'* 

lerbingg. 
yesterday,  geftern;  yesterday's, 

geftrig,  adj. 
yet,  noc^  ;  (oZrcady)  fd^on;  bod^; 

not  — ,  nod^  ni(^t. 
yonder,  bort. 
you,  @ie,  3]^nen ;  bn,  blr,  bid^; 

i^r,  eud^. 
young,  jnng  ;  —  man,  3unge, 

m.   -n,  (-nS),  pZ.  -n,  (-n«), 

3ungUng,  m.  -«,  pi.  -c. 
your,  3^r,  bein,  cncr  {ded.  like 

ein). 
yours,  31^rer,-e,  -eg;  beinef,  -e, 

-eg ;  eurev,  -c,  -eg ;  ber,  bic, 

bag   3^rige,    3^re,    bcinigc, 

beine,  enrige,  enre. 
yourself,  (®ie,  bu,  etc.)  felbfl; 

ft*. 
youth,  3unge,    m.  ~n,    (-ng), 

pi.  -n,  (-nf),  SiingUng,  m.  -g, 

pZ.  -c. 

zoological,  ijooto'gift^. 


AJ^  ^r.i>ii^DBETic^r.  LIST  om  the: 
IRREGULAR  VERBS 

TJSEr)    IN-   THE   "V^OCAJBXJL^RY. 


Compounds  are  not  given,  if  the  simple  verb  is 
in  use.  Poetical  and  unusual  forms  are  omitted. 
Forms  not  indicated  are  regular. 

Infinitive.       Pres.  Indio.     Imperat.  Impf.  Ind.  Impf.  Subj.         Past  Part. 


f&t^innen 

ht^ann 

aeddttne 
bdte 

Jbefiottnen 

mtUn 



h6i 

gelbaten 

fBinUn 

ibAitb 

ibftitbe 

debunben 

mtien 

— 

Ibat 

Bate 

^effeien 

fBleihtn 

aiieib 

Iblielbe 

^chliehen 

BtaUn 

bt&tft,  htki 

htiti 

litiete 

^ehttiien 

f8tt4tttn 

htHht 

M^H 

htaOi 

iitft^e 

qthxcdieu 

f&tcnntn 

httntnU  ibtenttte 

^ehtanni 

fBtinqtn 

bvac^te 

bf&<i)te 

^tbtadit 

^tuftn 

httmt 

^&dH€ 

tfCMdlt 

3)fitfen 

wanting 

¥tt¥fte 

ddtfte 

aebtttft 

•ttt^fel^len 

tmpnmn, 

em)>nel^l  em^falll  em^fftliU, 

,  cmpi^f^Un 

trnpntW 

em^fdl^U 

«ffen 

ilfeft.  m 

ift 

af( 

ftfte 

oedeffen 

^ahttn 

fttljt 

f&^te 

0efal^«ett 

^aUm 

Hu%  faat 

nei 

neu 

oefatten 

9angen 

ffttt0fi, 



1in0, 

nttfie, 

gefnttden 

fftnflt 

tlene 

nenfte 

9in^fn 

f<itt¥ 

fan¥e 

gefunben 

9tieten 



fwt 

ftdre 

oeftoten 

«elieti 

^Uhft,  fiielbt  fiiel^ 

daib 

d&be 

dcaeiieit 

^ib%  fiiDt 

gil» 

•cl^eti 

fllttfl 

giti«e 

d(0att0en 

79 


80 


IRREGULAR  VERBS. 


Infinitive. 

Pres.  Indie. 

Imperat. 

Impf.  Ind 

.  Impf.  Subj, 

Past  Part. 

®eUen 

fiilt 

0a» 

gdUe 

^eqolim 

&enUfien 



«en0^ 

flendfee 

oenolfen 

®t^^ehm, 

imj3.  gefdftiel^t 

wanting 

flcfcJial) 

flefcr>&l)e 

gef(f)el^en 

&e\»innm 



delt>ann 

^etifonnen 

meficn 

«ofe 

gcgiJffett 

©telfett 

fitlff 

fi<?lffe 

gegtlffen 

S^aben 

^aft,  l^at 

r)aite 

l)atte 

ficDaM 

fpalUn 

l^ftUft,  ^ftlt 

l)ieU 

^ielte 

del)alten 

^ehen 

eei)0bm 

^eifeen 



fiieh 

Wefte 

gel^ei^en 

^tljm 

D«ft 

^ilf 

l^alf 

0et)olfen 

Bennett 

fannte 

Yennte 

gefannt 

5(0inmen 

fam 

f&me 

Oefommen 

S^i^nmn 

fatttt, 
fannft,  tann 

wanting 

tonnie 

fdttnte 

gefottnt 

Saben 

lat>n,  lat>i 

lut> 

tube 

gelaben 

Sttffcn 

l&ffcft.  l&fet 

lUH 

Uefec 

gelafTen 

^auUn 

(ftufft,  l&ttft 



aef 

liefe 

gelaufen 

&eiUn 

— - 

Hit 

Utte 

oeatten 

SclHen 

Hel^ 

lielie 

geUel)en 

ftcfen 

Uefeft,  Ueli 

(iei» 

(a)» 

(ftfe 

gelcfen 

SJleoen 

lag 

IHe 

gelegen 

aWdgeit 

mag.  ttiagfi, 
mag 

wanting 

m0<i)te 

mdc^te 

gemoddt 

a^luffen 

mu%,  tnu^t, 
tnufe 

wanting 

muiiU 

mufete 

gemtt^t 

Stel^men 

nimmft, 
ttiinmt 

nimm 

naf^nt 

nftl^tne 

gendtttmeit 

S'lennen 

nannU 

nettnte 

gendtmi 

qjfelfen 

^flff 

^flffe 

gc^ntfen 

tHaten 

thi%  t&t 

— 

tiet 

tlctc 

gevaten 

IHei^en 

tift 

title 

getiffcn 

{Reiten 

— 

tlti 

tltte 

getitien 

{Rufen 

tlef 

tiefe 

getttfen 

^dieitten 

fcDlen 

t(i)iene 

gefdOienen 

Scdlafeti 

fcDlftft 

fcftUef 

fcftllefe 

gefciilafen 

®<Q(a0en 

fi^litfi 

l^iaee 

gef(^lagen 

®4)aeneit 

!*lofe 

f4jW1fe 

gefd^l0tfen 

9><^mel}en 

\:»*' 

fcUmlls 

fc^mols 

f(l^mdl$e 

gef  (^m0l$en 

IRREGULAR  VERBS. 


81 


Infinitive.       Pres.  Indie.     Imperat.  Impf.  Ind.  Impf.  Subj.        Past  Part. 


Zel)cn  tiel)ft,  fiel^t   fiel) 

Zein  all  irreg.,         fei 


Zeiiben 

9pUtn 

Zpte^tien 

Zptln^cn 
ZUfttn 

ZioHtn 

a:teff<tt 
%ttien 
Xtintm 

f&tt^tf\tn 
fSttlUttn 

flSeifen 
SBenben 

f&tthtn 

SBetfen 

SSiffen 
SSoUen 

3^itt0en 


see  conjug. 


\ptidin, 
\ptiati 


fcTinitt     Tdinitte       ec\^nHUn 
f(i)ttiomm    f(t)tt>(>mme 


-  fanbte,  fenbete  ^t^an^i, 
fenbete  gefett^et 

fang  fftnge  gefungen 

faft  f&fee  gefcffen 

wanting   foKte  fdEte  gef^Ui 

flJtldft      T^tacift  f^tft<fte  geT>>ro4iett 


itftgft,  ttftgt 

mttft,  tritt  mtt 


*>etgltf«ft, 
lietgifet 


betglft 


f^tang 

fiunb 
ftleg 

tvttg 

ttaf 

itai 

itant, 

ttttttf 

t>etga% 


l9ft(Dft 


toitfft, 
ttJltft 


toiitl^ 


toitf 


tola,  mm,  — 
mu 


f^v&nge 

ftiege 

ttttge 
trftfe 
tvate 

tvtinle 
l>evgft%e 


\»atf 
toog 


tolefe 
toen^ete 

\»uvf)e 

tottvfe 
todge 


sog  |5ge 

$toattg     itoftnge 


gef^tungen 
geftanben 

gefiiegen 

gefto^en 

getl^an 

gettagen 

getvoffen 

getveten 

getvunfen 

^etgelTen 

Detl0ten 
getoadifen 

getoiefen 
geioanbt, 
geiDenbet    . 
geiootiien 

getoovben 

geto0tfen 

getoogen 
getott%t 


to^Ute     t»oUU       getooUt 


gesiel^ett 
geiogen 
ge$i9ungen 


Aa  BbCc  DdEe 

51    a  S3      b      6    c       2)     b    @    e 

r  f  Gg  Hh  liJj  Kk 


L             1  Mm                 Kn  OoPp 

S        I  m     wx         5«    n  Oo  ^    t) 

Qq  Br              Sbs  Tt  Uu 

n    q  n    X       ®     f      e  %  i  U  u 

Vv  Ww              Xx  Yy  Zz 

«   tj  SB   It)     X  j:  3)   9  3  a 

Compound  Consonants. 

ch            ck  8S           sz            Rch         sp  at  th        tz 


SUMMARY  OF  GERMAN   GRAMMAR. 


1.  THE  GEBMAW  ALPHABET. 

PRONUNCIATION. 

21^  a,  ah,  a.  When  long,  like  a  in  father; 
short,  same  sound  pronounced  more  quickly. 

35/  6/  bay,  h.  When  final  or  followed  by  a 
consonant,  like^;  elsewhere,  as  in  English. 

®,  C/  tsay,  c.  Followed  by  a,  o,  u,  or  a  con- 
sonant, like  k;  followed  by  e,  i,  t),  a  or  o,  like  ^5. 

^,  bf  day,  d.  Final  or  at  the  end  of  a  syllable 
followed  by  a  consonant,  like  t;  elsewhere,  as  in 
English. 

®,  e,  a,  e.  Long,  like  a  in  hate;  short,  like  e 
in  pet  In  unaccented  syllables  and  in  endings  c 
has  nearly  the  sound  of  u  in  but  Final  unac- 
cented e  is  nearly  like  e  in  over, 

^,  f  ,  efif,  /.     As  in  English. 

®'  Up  S^Jy  9'  I^inal  or  at  the  end  of  a  syllable 
followed  by  a  consonant,  like  6) ;  but  many  pro- 
nounce it  hard,  and  others  much  like  k;  else- 
where, like  g  in  go. 

^,  }^,  hah,  h.  At  the  beginning  of  a  word  or 
part  of  a  compound,  and  in  the  suffixes  i)a\t  and 
t)ett,  like  h  in  how;  elsewhere,  silent, 

35 


86  SUMMARY  OF  GERMAN  GRAMMAR. 

3^  i  ee,  i.  Long,  like  ee  in  seen  ;  short,  like  i  in  tin. 

%  h  yot,  i.     Like  2/  in  yes. 

1^,  f ,  kah,  k     As  in  English. 

8,  I,  ell,  Z.     As  in  English. 
'   501/  Itl    emm,  m.     As  in  English. 

SfJ:,  tt/  enn,  n.     As  in  English. 

C  p,  oh,  0.  Long,  like  o  in  pole;  short,  some- 
what like  0  in  corn  spoken  quickly. 

^    P'  P^y>  P'     ^^  ^^  English. 

IS-  i|  koo,  g.  Is  always  followed  by  u.  Qu  is 
pronounced  like  German  ftD,  or  like  English  hv 
pronounced  without  allowing  the  upper  teeth  to 
touch  the  lower  lip. 

.    9l#  t,  err,  r.     Different  from  English  r.     Rolled 
or  trilled,  and  more  forcible  than  in  English. 

®,  f  ^f  ess,  s.  When  doubled,  final,  or  before 
a  consonant,  like  s  in  list ;  before  a  vowel  and  not 
preceded  by  t,  6),  \,  m,  it,  r,  nearly  like  English  z, 
but  softer.  Initial  f  followed  by  p  or  t  is  more 
commonly  pronounced  like  sK 

%,  t,  tay,  t  In  the  combinations  tia,  tie,  tio, 
from  the  Latin  tia,  tie,  tio,  pronounced  like  ts; 
elsewhere,  as  in  English. 

II  tt  oo,  u.  Long,  like  u  in  rule  (not  like  u  in 
mule) ;  short,  nearly  like  u  in  full. 

35  t>  fow,  r.  Initial  (excepting  in  foreign 
words)  and  final,  like  /;  elsewhere  and  in  foreign 
words,  like  German  tt). 

S5$  IP.  vay,  IV.  Like  English  v  pronounced 
without  allowing  the  upper  teeth  to  touch  the 
lower  lip. 


SUMMARY  OF  GERMAN  GRAMMAR.      87 

3E/  J,  iks,  X.     Like  Izs, 

^,  ^^  ipsilon,  y.     Like  German  t  or  it. 

3f  }f  tset,  2.     Like  ts, 

a.  German  is  also  printed  and  written  in  the 
characters  used  for  English. 

6.  A  vowel  is  long  when  doubled  or  followed 
by  silent  \)]  short,  before  a  double  consonant, 
and  usually  before  two  consonants. 

2.  MODIFIED  VOWELS. 

^,  &,  is  pronounced  nearly  like  German  e  in 
the  same  position. 

©/  P/  is  produced  by  rounding  the  lips  as  if 
to  whistle  and  pronouncing  English  a. 

It,  ti/  is  produced  by  rounding  the  lips  as  if  to 
whistle  and  pronouncing  English  e. 

3.   DIPHTHONGS. 

5li/  aif  ®i/  ei,  are  pronounced  nearly  like  i 
in  fine, 
2ltt/  dU,  is  like  ou  in  motcse, 
^n,  &tt,  ®tt/  en,  are  nearly  like  oi  in  foil, 

4.   COMPOUND  CONSONANTS. 

iSh  after  a,  o,  ii,  au,  is  guttural;  after  any  other 
vowel  sound  or  after  a  consonant,  it  is  palatal. 
These  two  sounds  are  produced  by  keeping  the 
vocal  organs  nearly  in  the  position  which  they 
have   while  pronouncing  the  vowel  sound,  and 


88  SUMMARY  OF  GERMAN  GRAMMAR. 

forcing  out  the  breath.  ©()  initial  (excepting  be- 
fore e  or  i),  or  before  f  of  the  same  radical,  is  like 
h  Initial  6)  before  e  or  i  has  usually  the  palatal 
d)  sound.  In  words  from  the  French  dj  is  often 
like  sJi, 

rf  is  equivalent  to  !!. 

ng  is  like  ng  in  singer ;  in  compounds  where  n 
and  9  belong  to  different  radicals,  each  has  its 
own  proper  sound. 

p}^  is  like/. 

fdb  is  like  sh. 

'g  is  like  double  s.' 

^  is  like  5,  or  ts. 

5.  ACCENT. 

a.  In  simple  words  the  accent  is  usually  on  the 
radical  syllable ;  but  the  suffix  ^ei,  and  At  of  verbs 
with  the  infinitive  in  ^ierert  take  the  accent. 

6.  In  compounds  the  accent  is  usually  on«  the 
first  member :  but  most  compound  particles  and 
compounds  of  direction  accent  the  final  member; 
likewise  many  compounds  with  all-  and  un=. 
Separable  prefixes  of  verbs  are  always  accented. 

c.  The  inseparable  prefixes  ht-,  emp-,  ent==,  ge-, 
er==,  t)er=,  jetf^  are  never  accented. 

d  Most  words  from  foreign  languages  have  the 
accent  on  the  last  syllable,  or  keep  the  accent  of 
the  original  language. 

6.  DECLENSION. 
a.  The  nominative   corresponds  to   our  nom- 
inative ;  the  genitive  to  our  possessive  or  objective 


SUMMARY  OF  GERMAN  GRAMMAR.  SO 

with  of ;  the  dative  to  our  indirect  object  or 
objective  with  to  ox  for ;  the  accusative  to  our 
objective  without  a  preposition.  The  genitive, 
dative,  and  accusative  have  various  uses,  with 
prepositions,  adjectives,  verbs,  etc. 

6.  The  Definite  Abticle  (the)  is  declined  thus  : 
Singular.  Plural 


Masc. 

Fern, 

Neut. 

for  all  genders. 

N.  ber 

bie 

ba§ 

bie 

G.  be§ 

ber 

be§ 

ber 

D.  bent 

ber 

bem 

itn 

A.  ben 

bie 

\>a^ 

bie 

c.  Siefer,  this,  jener,  thuty  jeber,  each,  mand^er, 
many  a,  fol(i)cr,  sitch,  tt)eld)er,  which,  are  declined 
like  ber,  excepting  that  e  takes  the  place  of  ie,  and 
eg  of  a^. 

d.  The  Indefinite  Akticle  (a,  an)  is  declined 
thus : 

Singular, 


Masc, 

Fern, 

Neut 

N. 

ein 

eine 

ein 

G. 

eine§ 

einer 

eine§ 

D. 

einent 

einer 

einem 

A. 

einen 

eine 

ein 

e.  ^etn,  no,  betn,  thy,  mein,  mi/,  S{)t,  j/oi^r,  \i)x;her, 
xl)X,  their,  feiit,  M^,  its,  euer,  ?/owr,  unjer,  oi^r,  are  de- 
clined like  ein,  but  have  a  plural  in  h,  HX,  HXi,  H, 
for  all  genders. 


90  SUMMARY  OF  GERMAN  GRAMMAR. 

7.  DECLENSION"  OF  NOUNS. 

a.  There  are  two  declensions  of  nouns,  and 
they  are  distinguished  by  the  formation  of  the 
nominative  plural.  If  the  nominative  plural  is 
formed  by  adding  n  or  en  to  that  of  the  singular, 
the  noun  belongs  to  the  second  declension; 
otherwise  it  belongs  to  the  fikst.  The  First 
Declension  has  three  classes,  likewise  distin- 
guished by  the  formation  of  the  nominative 
plural.  If  no  ending  is  added  to  the  nominative 
singular  to  make  the  plural,  the  noun  belongs  to 
the  First  Class;  if  e  is  added,  it  belongs  to  the 
Second  Class;  if  tX  is  added,  to  the  Third 
Class. 

6.  To  the  FIRST  CLASS  belong: 

1.  Masculines  and  neuters  in  el,  em,  en,  er. 

2.  Neuters  in  d^eii  and  lein,  and  those  with  the 

prefix  ge=  and  ending  e. 

3.  S)er  Scife,  bie  SDZutter,  and  bie  Jod^ter. 

c.  To  the  SECOND  class  belong  : 

1.  Most  monosyllabic  masculines,  two-thirds  of 

the  monosyllabic  neuters,  and  about  thirty 
monosyllabic  feminines. 

2.  Most  other  masculines  excepting  those  in  e, 

el,  em,  en,  er,  and  some  of  foreign  origin. 

3.  Feminines  in  ni^  and  fal,  and  compounds  of 

funft. 

4.  Most  polysyllabic  neuters,  and  neuters  with 

the  prefix  cje-  and  not  ending  in  e. 


SUMMARY  OF  GERMAN  GRAMMAR.      01 

d.  To  the  THIKD  CLASS  belong : 

About  fifty  monosyllabic  neuters,  nouns  in 
turn,  and  a  few  masculines. 

e.  To  the  Secoxd  Declension  belong : 

1.  All  feminines  of  more  than  one  syllable,  ex- 

cepting 33Zutter  and  Soc^ter  and  those  in  ni§ 
and  fat,  and  about  sixty  monosyllabic 
feminines. 

2.  Masculines  of  more  than  one  syllable  in  c, 

a  few  monosyllabic  masculines,  and  many 
words  of  foreign  origin  accented  on  the 
last  syllable. 

/.  Feminines  of  either  declension  remain  un- 
changed throughout  the  singular. 

g.  In  the  plural  of  either  declension  the  nom- 
inative, genitive,  and  accusative  are  always  alike, 
and  the  dative  always  ends  in  n  (or  en). 

8.  If  a  noun  belongs  to  the  first  class,  the 
only  change  in  the  singular  is  in  the  genitive, 
which  takes  g  (excepting  feminines).  The  plural 
is  like  the  nominative  singular  (dative  takes  n), 
excepting  in  about  twenty -five  nouns  which 
modify  the  radical  vowel.     Examples : 


Singular. 

N. 

ber  91bler 

ber  Stpfel 

bie  Sautter 

G. 

be^  9lbler§ 

be§  apfeig 

ber  abutter 

D. 

bent  9lbter 

bein  9lpfel 

ber  ajJutter 

A. 

ben  9tbter 

ben  ^tpfel 

bie  abutter 

92 


SUMMARY  OF  GERMAN  GRAMMAR. 


Plural 

N. 

bie  Stbler 

bie  Sipfel 

bie  SKixtter 

G. 

bcr  Stbler 

ber  tpfet 

ber  abutter 

D. 

ben  ?lbtem 

ben  Stpfein 

ben  SRiittem 

A. 

bie  «bter 

bie  tpfet 

bie  ajfiitter 

9.  Nouns  belonging  to  the  second  class  (ex- 
cepting feminines)  take  §  or  eS  in  the  genitive 
singular,  ancf  e  or  nothing  in  the  dative.  The 
plural  takes  e  (dative  en),  and,  excepting  in  mono- 
syllabic neuters,  usually  modifies  the  stem  vowel. 

Examples  : 

Singular. 

N.  ber  ©o^n  ba§  ©c^af  bie  ©tabt 

G.  be§  @o^ne§  be^  ©c£)afe§  ber  ©tabt 

D.  bem  ©ol^ne  bent  ©(^afe  ber  ©tabt 

A.  ben  ©o^n  ba§  ©d^af  bie  ©tabt 

Plural. 

N.  bie  ©o^ne  bie  ©i^afe  bie  ©tdbte 

G.  ber  ©o^ne  ber  ©d^afe  ber  ©tcibte 

D.  htxi  ©o^nen  ben  ©deafen  ben  ©tabten 

A.  bie  ©o^ne  bie  ©d)afe  bie  ©tdbte 

10.  Nouns  of  the  third  class  form  the  genitive 
and  the  dative  singular  as  in  the  Second  Class. 
The  plural  takes  tX  (dative  ern),  and,  if  possible, 
always  modifies.  Nouns  in  iixvx  modify  the  u 
instead  of  the  stem  vowel.     Examples : 

Singular. 

ber  9Jfann  "tya^  SSeib  ber  ^rrtum 

be§  9J?anneg  be§  SSeibeg  be§  Srrtum^ 

bcm  SUJanne  bem  ^Beibe  bem  3rrtnm 

ben  SOZann  ba§  2Seib  ben  Si^rtnm 


N. 
G. 
D. 
A. 


SUMMARY  OF  GERMAN  GRAMMAR. 


93 


N.  bic  SKcinner 

G.  ber  2Kdnner 

D,  ben  SKdnnern 

A.  bie  SKdnner 


PZitraZ. 
bie  SBeiber 
ber  SBeiber 
ben  SBeibern 
bie  SBeiber 


bie  S^^tiimer 
ber  Srrtiimer 
ben  Si^rtiimern 
bie  Si^t:tUmer 


11.  With  the  exception  of  feminines  (which 
do  not  change  in  the  singular),  nouns  of  the 
Second  Declension  form  all  the  oblique  cases  of 
the  singular  and  all  the  cases  of  the  plural  by 
adding  n  or  cil  to  the  nominative  singular.  Fem- 
inines in  in  make  the  plural  ^innen.    Examples: 


N.  bie5Rofe 

G.  berSiofe 

D.  berSRofe 

A.  bieJRofe 


N.  bie  SRofen 

G.  berSlofen 

D.  ben  IRofen 

A.  bie  SRofen 


Singular. 
bie  Sonigin 
ber  Sonigin 
ber  S^i3nigin 
bie  Sionigin 

Plural, 
bie  S^oniginnen 
ber  ^oniginnen 
b^n  S^onigiimen 
bie  Jfoniginnen 


ber  S^nabe 
beg  S^naben 
bent  Snaben 
ben  ^naben 

bie  ^aben 
ber  ^aben 
ben  Snaben 
bie  .©naben 


a.  In  compound  nouns  the  last  component  part 
only  is  declined,  and  according  to  its  own  de- 
clension. 

b.  Some  nouns  are  irregular,  having  the  sin- 
gular in  one  declension  and  the  plural  in  the  other. 
Some  nouns  in  the  plural  have  two  forms  with 
the  same  or  with  a  different  signification.  A 
number  of  nouns  from  the  French,  the  English, 


94      SUMMARY  OF  GERMAN  GRAMMAR. 

and  the  Italian,  retain  the  plural  of  the  language 
from  which  they  are  taken.  Nouns  in  urn,  from 
the  Latin,  form  the  plural  by  changing  um  to  en. 

12.  GENDER. 
Masculine  are : 

1.  Most   objects   distinctively   male    (excepting 

diminutives  in  c^en  and  lein). 

2.  Names  of  seasons,  months,  days  of  the  week, 

of  the  points  of  the  compass,  and  of  stones. 

3.  Nouns  in  ig,  ing,  ling,  and  most  of  those  in  cr 

and  en  (not  d^en,  and  not  infinitives  used  as 
nouns). 

Feminine  are : 

1.  Most  objects  distinctively  female  (excepting 

diminutives  in  (f)en  and  lein,  and  ha^  2Beib). 

2.  Names  of  plants,  fruits,  flowers,  and  many 

rivers. 

3.  Nouns  ending  in  ie,  ei,  l^eit,  leit,  fd^aft,  in,  ung, 

ion,  tcit. 

4.  Most  derivatives  in  e  and  t. 

Neuter  are : 

1.  Diminutives  in  d^en  and  lein. 

2.  Most  names  of  countries,  places,  and  metals, 

names  of  the  letters,  other  parts  of  speech 
used  as  nouns,  and  all  infinitives  used  sub- 
stantively. 

3.  Nearly  all  nouns  in  fat,  fel,  turn,  and  most  ab- 

stracts and  collectives  with  the  prefix  ge^ 


SUMMARY  OF  GERMAN  GRAMMAR.  05 

a.  Compounds  nearly  always  have  the  gender 
of  the  last  member. 

b.  The  majority  of  nouns  of  foreign  origin 
retain  the  gender  of  the  original  tongue. 

c.  Some  nouns  are  used  in  more  than  one 
gender  with  the  same  signification;  others  have 
different  genders  for  different  meanings. 

13.  DECLENSION  OP  PROPER  NAMES. 

a.  Neuter  names  of  countries  and  places  take 
only  the  genitive  ending,  §.  If  it  ends  in  a 
sibilant,  the  noun  is  invariable. 

b.  Names  of  persons  both  masculine  and  fem- 
inine generally  are  used  with  the  article  and  the 
noun  remains  unchanged.  If  without  the  article, 
^  is  added  for  the  genitive ;  but  a  masculine  end- 
ing in  a  sibilant  or  a  feminine  in  e  has  eni^ :  SDJaj, 
9Jfajen^ ;  9Karie,  WHaxkn^, 

c.  Other  proper  names  are  inflected  like  com- 
mon nouns. 

14.  ADJECTIVES. 

a.  An  adjective,  if  used  attributively  or  sub- 
stantively, is  always  declined;  otherwise  it  is 
invariable. 

b.  The  attributive  adjective  precedes  the  noun 
(expressed  or  understood)  which  it  qualifies, 
agrees  with  it  in  gender,  number,  and  case,  and 
is  declined  in  two  ways,  as  follows : 

I.  (called  First  Declension).  If  not  preceded 
by  iet  or  tilt,  or  a  word  declined  like  ber  or  ein 


96 


SUMMARY  OF  GERMAN  GRAMMAR. 


(6,  c.  and  e.),  the  attributive  adjective  has  the  end- 
ings of  ber  (but  ie  becomes  e,  and  q^,  e^ ;  also,  in 
the  genitive  singular,  before  a  noun  ending  in  ^, 
en  is  generally  used  instead  of  e^).    Examples : 

Singular, 
Masculine.  Feminine, 

armer  SSogel  fc^one  grau 

armen  SSogel^  fd^oner  grau 

armem  SSogel  fd^oner  ^xau 

armcn  SSogel  fc^one  gtau 

Plural, 

arme  aSogel  fd^one  grauen 

armer  SSogel  fd^oner  grauen 

armen  SSogeIn  fd^onen  grauen 

arme  SSogel  fd^one  granen 

II.  a,  (called  Second  Declension).  If  preceded 
by  ict  or  a  word  declined  like  it  (6,  c),  the  ad- 
jective has  e  in  the  nominative  singular  through- 
out and  in  the  singular  accusative  feminine  and 
neuter;  everywhere  else,  eil. 

b.  If  preceded  by  citt  or  a  word  declined  like  it 
(6,  e.),  the  adjective  has  the  same  endings  that  it 
has  after  ber,  excepting  in  three  places — tX  nom. 
sing,  masc,  e9  nom.  and  ace.  neuter  sing.  Ex- 
amples : 

Singular, 


Neuter, 

N.  gnte^Jlinb 

G.  gntenSinbeg 

D.  gutem  S^inbe 

A.  gute^^inb 

N.  gnte  S'inber 
G.  guter  Sinber 
D.  guten  S'inbern 
A.  gutc  S^inber 


For  a. 

Neuter, 


N.  bo§  gute  SJinb 
G.  be§  guten  Siinbe§ 
D.  bem  guten  S^inbe 
A.  bag  gute  Jtinb 


Plural, 

bit  guten  Sinber 
ber  guten  SlHnber 
ben  guten  S?inbern 
bie  guten  ^inber 


SUMMARY  OF  GERMAN  GRAMMAR. 


97 


Singular, 


N.  bie  fd^onc  grau 
G.  ber  fd^onen  gran 
D.  ber  fd^onen  grau 
A.  bie  fc^one  i^xan 


Plural. 


Feminine. 


bic  fdEjonen  graucn 
ber  fd^onen  grauen 
ben  fd^onen  grauen 
bie  fc^onen  grauen 


Masculine. 


N.  biefer  arme  SSoget 
G.  biefe§  armen  SSogeIg 
D.  biefem  armen  SSogel 
A.  biefen  armen  SSogel 


biefe  armen  SSogel 
biefer  armen  SSogel 
biefen  armen  SSogetn 
biefe  armen  SSogel 


Singular. 


For  5. 


iVetiter. 


N.  mein  gnte§  Sinb 
G.  meineg  i^nttn  Sinbe§ 
D.  meinem  guten  Sinbe 
A.  mein  gnte§  Sinb 


Plural, 

meine  gnten  Sfinber 
meiner  guten  i^inber 
meinen  guten  Sinbern 
meine  guten  Sinber 


Masculine. 

N.  mein  armer  SSoget  meine  armen  SSoget 

G.  meine^  armen  S?ogeI§  meiner  armen  9?ogeI 

D.  meinem  armen  SSogel  meinen  armen  SSogeIn 

A.  meinen  armen  SSoget  meine  armen  SSogel 


Feminine. 


N.  eine  fd^one  gran 
G.  einer  fc^onen  grau 
D.  einer  fc!^onen  grau 
A.  eine  fcfjone  grau 


98  SUMMARY  OF  GERMAN  GRAMMAR. 

c.  Adjectives  ending  in  e  drop  the  e  before  the 
endings  of  declension;  those  in  el,  en,  er,  usually 
syncopate  the  e. 

d.  After  a  personal  pronoun  the  adjective  has 
the  same  endings  as  after  mein. 

e.  Used  substantively  the  adjective  is  written 
with  a  capital,  and  declined  according  to  the 
above  rules. 

/.  After  the  indefinites  zivoa^,  l)iGl,  \\\6)i^,  etc., 
the  adjective  is  treated  as  a  noun  in  apposition : 
tiwa^  ®utei^,  etc. 

g.  If  several  adjectives  are  used,  each  has  end- 
ings according  to  the  above  rules  :  ^^a^  gro^e  f(f)6ne 
^au^,  etc. 

15.  COMPARISON. 

a.  Adjectives  form  the  comparative  and  the 
superlative  usually  as  in  English  by  adding  x  or 
tx,  and  ft  or  eft ;  monosyllables  with  the  vowel  a, 
0,  or  u,  more  commonly  modify  in  the  comparative 
and  superlative. 

h.  In  declension  comparatives  and  superlatives 
follow  the  rules  for  simple  adjectives,  but  the 
superlative  used  in  the  predicate  is  nearly  always 
preceded  by  ain  (an  bem),  making  an  adverbial 
phrase. 

c.  Adjectives  in  the  uninflected  form  of  the 
positive  and  of  the  comparative,  and  rarely  in  the 
superlative,  may  be  used  as  adverbs ;  in  the  super- 
lative are  used  mostly  phrases  with  am,  auf^,  im, 
sum. 


SUMMARY  OF  GERMAN  GRAMMAR. 


90 


16.    The  Personal  Pronouns  are  declined  as 
follows : 


Singular. 

First  Person. 

Second  Person. 

Third  Person. 

Masc. 

Fern. 

Neut. 

N.  i(^,  I. 

bu,  thou. 

cr,  he. 

fie,  she. 

e§,  it. 

G.  meiner 

beiner 

fetner 

t^rer 

feiner 

D.  ntir 

bir 

i^m 

i^r 

i^m 

A.  mid^ 

bic^ 

Plural 

fie 

c§ 

N.  tt)tr 

i^r 

{all  genders)  fie 

G.  unfer 

cuer 

i^rer 

D.  un§ 

eud^ 

i^tten 

A.  un§ 

eud^ 

fie 

a.  The  dative  and  the  accusative  of  the  first  and 
second  persons  are  used  also  reflexively.  But  fi^ 
is  used  for  the  reflexive  pronoun  of  the  third  per- 
son in  the  dative  and  the  accusative  of  all  genders 
and  both  numbers. 

b.  The  third  person  plural  is  used  for  our  you, 
and  is  then  written  with  a  capital  (fid)  is  not 
capitalized).  S)u  is  used  in  the  family,  in  the 
language  of  familiarity,  solemn  form,  etc. 

c.  The  demonstrative  ber  or  ber|c([)e  is  usually 
substituted  for  the  genitive  and  the  dative  of  the 
third  person  singular  neuter  for  inanimate  objects ; 
and  for  the  dative  and  the  accusative  of  both  num- 
bers, governed  by  a  preposition,  is  usually  sub- 
stituted a  compound  of  ba  and  the  preposition: 
bafiir,  barau^J,  etc. 


100  SUMMARY  OF  GERMAN  GRAMMAR. 

d,  (£^  is  used  for  our  expletive  therey  and  often 
simply  to  bring  the  subject  after  the  verb,  which 
agrees  with  the  following  noun. 

e.  It  is  7,  etc.,  is  id)  bin  e^,  etc. 

17.  POSSESSIVES. 

a.  The  possessive  adjectives  and  their  declen- 
sion already  have  been  mentioned  (6,  e.).  When 
used  pronominally,  or  without  the  noun  expressed, 
they  are  declined  like  biefer.  In  the  predicate 
they  are,  of  course,  invariable.  Instead  of  the 
simple  possessive  pronouns  tneiner,  nteine,  meine^, 
etc.,  may  be  used  ber,  bie,  ba§  meine,  etc.,  or  forms 
in  ig,  ber,  bic,  ba§  meintge,  etc. 

h.  The  definite  article  or  the  dative  of  the  per- 
sonal pronoun  is  often  used  instead  of  the 
possessive. 

18.  DEMONSTRATIVES. 

a.  The  demonstratives  are  bcr,  biefer,  ^K^  or 
that,  jener,  that,  used  both  adjectively  and  as  pro- 
nouns. Used  adjectively  ber  is  declined  like  the 
article  ber ;  used  pronominally,  the  demonstrative 
ber  adds  en  to  the  forms  of  the  definite  article  in 
the  genitive  singular  {^  is  doubled,  beffen)  and  in 
the  genitive  and  dative  plural  (but  berer  is  used 
instead  of  beren  in  the  genitive  plural  before  a 
limiting  clause). 

h.  S)er{enige,  that  one,  berfelbe,  the  same,  are  used 
as  demonstratives,  and  even  as  personal  pronouns. 


SUMMARY  OF  GERMAN  GRAIOJEAIJ.  IQV 

Both  parts  are  declined,  htx  the  article,  and  jeittg 
or  felb  like  an  adjective  after  ber  (14,  H.  a.). 

19.  INTERROGATIVES. 

The  interrogatives  are  tuer,  who,  tva^,  what, 
tvdd)tx,  what,  which. 

a.  9Ber  is  used  for  persons,  tva§  for  things,  and 
they  have  no  change  for  gender  or  number.  They 
are  declined : 


N.  iDer 

toai 

G.  meffcn 

meffen 

D.  mem 

A.  men 

tt)a§ 

h.  For  the  dative  or  the  accusative  of  tva^ 
governed  by  a  preposition  is  used  a  compound 
of  tDO :  tDofiir,  tDorau^,  etc. 

c.  3SeId)er  is  used  adjectively  and  absolutely; 
its  declension  has  been  given  (6,  c). 

d.  SSa^  fiir,  what  kind  of,  what  sort  of,  is  invari- 
able. 

20.  RELATIVES. 

a.  After  an  antecedent  ber  and  Ineti^er  are  the 
usual  relatives.  SDer  is  declined  like  the  demon- 
strative pronoun  ber  (18,  a,),  and  n)eld)cr  as  before 
given  (6,  c.).  But  metd^er  is  not  used  in  the  geni- 
tive, and,  unless  governed  by  a  preposition,  the 
dative  of  ber  is  more  common. 

6.  3Ser,  tva^,  and  tva^  fiir  are  used  also  as  rela- 
tives, more  properly  compound  relatives.     2Sa^  is 


±H['    '  SUiiWAIl^  OF  GERMAN  GRAMMAR 

used  instead  of  ha^  or  tt)elc£)e^  after  aHe^,  nid^t^, 
ba§,  dwa^f  mand)t^f  etc.,  and  aftor  neuter  adjectives 
used  indefinitely,  especially  superlatives. 

c.  When  referring  to  things,  and  governed  by  a 
preposition,  mo  usually  takes  the  place  of  the 
relative,  making  the  compound  form,  toofur, 
iDorau^,  etc. 

d.  The  relative  is  not  omitted  in  German. 


21.  NUMEBALS. 

a.  The  cardinals  are : 

1  eht  (ein§) 

19 

neunje^n 

2  jmei 

20 

jiuan^ig 

3  brei 

21 

ein  unb  5tt)onjig 

4  t)icr 

22 

5mei  unb  5tt)anjtg 

5  fiinf 

30 

breifeig 

6  fe^g 

40 

bierjig 

1  jtebcn 

60 

funfjig,  or  fiittf jig 

8  a^t 

60 

fec^^ig 

9  neun 

70 

fiebjig 

10  5e^n 

80 

a^tjig 

11  elf 

90 

neunjig 

12   JlDOtf 

100 

^imbert 

13  brei5e^n 

101 

^Hubert  unb  cin^ 

14  t)ier5ef)n 

200 

5mei  {)unbert 

15  funf5e^,  or 

funfje^n 

1000 

taufenb 

i:  fecf)5e^n 

10,000 

5e^n  taufenb 

n  fieb^e^n 

100,000 

^unbert  taufenb 

18  ad^t^e^n 

1,000,000 

eine  SKittion 

SUMMARY  OF  GERMAN  GRAMMAR.  103 

6.  A  is  omitted  in  German  in  the  expressions 
a  hundred^  a  tkovsand. 

c.  (Sin  modifying  a  noun  expressed  is  declined 
like  the  indefinite  article  ein ;  but  if  preceded  by 
ber  or  a  word  declined  like  it,  ein  takes  the  end- 
ings of  an  adjective  after  ber  (14,  H.  a.),  a.nd  when 
used  pronominally,  ein  has  the  endings  of  biefer 
(6,  c). 

d.  Excepting  feminines  in  e,  nouns  expressing 
measurement,  quantity,  weight,  etc.,  usually  re- 
main in  the  singular,  and  if  not  preceded  by  a 
limiting  word  the  following  noun  is  treated  as  an 
appositive. 

e.  With  the  exception  of  erft,  first,  britt,  third, 
and  a(i)t,  eighth,  the  Ordinals  are  formed  from  the 
cardinals  by  adding  t  up  to  nineteen  inclusive, 
and  ft  beyond  that  number.  The  ordinals  are 
adjectives,  and  are  so  declined     (14.)- 

/.  Fractional  numbers  are  formed  from  the 
ordinals  by  dropping  the  final  t  and  adding  tet 
(Xei(,  part).  But  for  half  is  used  the  adjective 
i)alb  or  the  noun  §atfte- 

g.  Ordinal  adverbs  are  formed  by  adding  en§ 
to  the  simple  ordinal :  erften)^,  ^tvdtm^,  etc. 

22.  VERBS. 

a.  The  principal  parts  of  a  verb  are  the  present 
infinitive,  the  first  person  imperfect  iridicative, 
and  the  past  participle, 


104  SUMMARY  OF  GERMAN  GRAMMAR. 

b.  The  verb  ^dbtW,   to  have,  is  conjugated  as 
follows : 

Principal  Parts  :  l^afiett,  ^attt,  %t^aU. 

Indicaiive.  Subjunctive. 

Present. 

id^  ^ahCf  I  have  id^  ^abt,  I  may  have,  etc. 

bu  i)a]i,  thou  hast  bu    ^abeft,    thou    mayest 

have 

er  ^at,  he  has  er  ^abt,  he  may  have 

\\)\x  ^ahtn,  we  have  tt)ir  l^aben,  we  may  have 

t^r  ^abt,  ye  have  it)r  Isabel,  ye  may  have 

fie  l^aben,  they  have  fie  l^aben,  they  may  have 

Imperfect. 

id^  l^atte,  I  had  idf)  l^atte,  I  might  have, 

etc. 
bu  l^atteft,  thou  hadst  bu  ticitteft,  thou  mightest 

have 
er  l^atte,  he  had  er  ^dtte,  he  might  have 

tuir  fatten,  we  had  tr)ir  ^dtteu,  we  might  have 

i^r  l^attet,  ye  had  il^r  ^'dtttt,  ye  might  have 

fie  l^atteu,  they  had  fie  l^dtten,  they  might  have 

Perfect. 

i(^  ^abe  ge^abt,  I  have  had    td^  "f^aht  gel^abt,  I  may  have 

had,  etc. 
bu  ^aft  ge^abt,  thou  hast    bu    ^abeft    gel^abt,     thou 

had  mayest  have  had 

er  ^at  ge^abt,  he  has  had       er   f)ab^   ge^abt,   he  may 

have  had 


SUMMARY  OF  GERMAN  GRAMMAR.  105 

lt)ir  fallen  ge^abt,  we  have     tvxx  "^aben  ge^abt,  we  may 

had  have  had 

i^r  ^aht  ge^abt,    ye  have    i^r  ^abet  ge^abt,  ye  may 

had  have  had 

fie  ^abtn  gefjabt,  they  have    fie  ^beu  ge^abt,  they  may 

had  have  had 

Pluperfect, 
ic^  ^attt  ge^abt,  I  had  had     ic^  ptte  gef)a()t,  I  might 

have  had,  etc. 
bu  ^atteft  ge^abt,  thou  hadst    bu    ^Ciiit]t    ge^abt,    thou 

had  mightest  have  had 

er  t)atte  ge^abt,  he  had  had    er  ^atte  get)abt,  he  might 

have  had 
\mx  fatten  ge^bt,  we  had    roir     l^titten     ge^bt,     we 

had  might  have  had 

\i)x   ijatiti  ge^abt,  ye  had    i^r  ^dttet  ge^abt,  ye  might 

had  have  had 

fie  ()atten  ge^ftbt,  they  had    fie    fatten    ge^abt,     they 

had  might  have  had 

Future, 
ic^    tnerbe    ^aben,   I  shall    ic^  tDerbe  ^aben,   I  shall 

have  have 

hn  mirft  ^ben,  thou  wilt    bu    merbeft    ^aben,    thou 

have  wilt  have 

er  mirb  ^ahzn,  he  will  have    er  merbe   ^aben,   he  will 

have 
rt)ir  merben  ^aben,  we  shall    mir  merben  ^aben,  we  shall 

have  have 

i^r  merbet  baben,  ye  will    i^r  iDerbet  ^ben,  ye  will 

have  have 

fie  merben  f)ah^n,  they  will    fie  merben  l^aben,  they  will 

have  have 


lOS  SUMMARY  OF  GERMAN  GRAMMAR. 

Future  Perfect. 

id)  merbe   Qe\)aU  ^aben,  I  id^  merbe  gc^abt  ^bcn,  I 

shall  have  had  shall  have  had 

bu  mirft  o,ti)aht  i)aUn,  thou  bu  merbeft  ge^abt   ^abtn, 

wilt  have  had  thou  wilt  have  had 

er  mirb   gc^abt  ^aben,  he  er  merbe  ge^bt  l^aben,  he 

will  have  had  will  have  had 

tt)ir  merbeu  ge^abt  ^beii,  mir  tDerben  ge^abt  ^aben, 

we  shall  have  had  we  shall  have  had 

i^r  merbet  ge^abt  ^aben,  ye  i^r  merbet  ge^abt  ijobcn,  ye 

will  have  had  will  have  had 

fie    merben    gebabt    ^ahtn,  fie  merbcn   ge^bt   ^aben, 

they  will  have  had  they  will  have  had 

First  Conditional. 

t(^  iDiirbe  ^ahtn,  I  should  have 
bu  tt)iirbeft  ^aben,  thou  wouldst  have 
er  triiirbe  ^abeit,  he  would  have 
n^ir  tDiirben  ^aben,  we  should  have 
iijx  mtirbet  ^abeu,  ye  would  have 
fie  tDiirben  "^aben,  they  would  have 

Second  Conditional. 

iij  miirbe  gebabt  ^aben,  I  should  have  had 
bu  miirbeft  gefjabt  i)ahtnf  thou  wouldst  have  had 
er  toilrbe  gebabt  ^aben,  he  would  have  had 
tt)ir  tDiirben  gel)abt  ^aben,  we  should  have  had 
i^r  miirbet  gebabt  ^abtn,  ye  would  have  had 
fie  tDiirbeu  gebabt  Ijab^n,  they  would  have  had 

Imperative. 
^abe,  have  (thou)  ]^ab(e)t,  have  (ye) 


SUMMARY  OF  GERMAN  GRAMMAR.  107 

Infinitives. 
Present :  ^cAtn,  to  have 
Ferfect :   ge^abt  ^aben,  to  have  had 

Participles. 
Present:  ^abenb,  having  Past:  ge^abt,  had 

c.  In  German  there  is  only  one  form  for  the 
simple,  the  emphatic,  and  the  progressive  form  in 
English.  I  have,  I  do  have,  and  /  am  having,  are 
to  be  translated  ic{)  ^abe.  The  third  person  plural 
of  all  verbs  with  the  pronoun  fie  written  with  a 
capital  is  used  for  the  second  person  both  sin- 
gular and  plural,  excepting  in  the  language  of 
familiarity,  etc.     (16,  b.), 

d.  The  verb  f citt,  to  be,  is  conjugated  as  follows : 

Principal  Parts  :  feitt,  ttiat,  gettiefen. 

Indicative,  Subjunctive. 

Present. 

id^  bin,  I  am  id)  fei,  I  may  be 

bu  bift,  thou  art  bu  feieft,  thou  mayest  be 

er  ift,  he  is  er  fet,  he  may  be 

tt)ir  finb,  we  are  tDir  feten,  we  may  be 

t^r  feib,  ye  are  \^x  feiet,  ye  may  be 

fie  finb,  they  are  fie  feien,  they  may  be 

Imperfect. 

x6)  Xoax,  I  was  ii)   tpare,  I  were,   might 

be,  etc. 
bu  tDarft,  thou  wast  bu  tDdreft,  thou  wert,  etc. 


108  SUMMARY  OF  GERMAN  GRAMMAR. 

cr  WaXf  he  was  er  mdre,  he  were,  etc. 

tt>ir  tvaxtn,  we  were  mir  mdren,  we  were,  might 

be,  etc. 
i^r  maret,  ye  were  i^r  mdret,  ye  were,  etc. 

fie  maren,  they  were  fie  iDdren,  they  were,  etc. 

Perfect. 

i(^  bin  gelDefen,  I  have  been  id^  fei  gemefen,  I  may  have 

been,  etc. 

bu  6ift  gemefen,  thou  hast  bu  feieft  gemefen,  thou  hast 

been  been,  etc. 

er  ift  geroefen,  he  has  been  er  fei  getoefen,  he  has  been 

iDtr  finb  gemefen,  we  have  tDir  feien  getrefen,  we  have 

been  been 

i^r  feib  gemefen,  ye  have  i^r  feiet  getDefen,  ye  have 

been                 ^  been 

fie  finb  gemefen,  they  have  fie  feien  gemefen,  they  have 

been  been 

Pluperfect. 

id|  tt)ar  getnefen,  I  had  been  ii^  rt)dre  gemefen,  (if,  that) 

I  had  been,  etc. 

bn    marft    gemefen,    thou  bn   mdreft   gemefen,   thou 

hadst  been  hadst  been 

er    mar    gemefen,   he  had  er  tndre  gemefen,  he  had 

been  been 

tDtr  maren  getDefen,  we  had  mx  mdren  getDefen,  we  had 

been  been 

i^^r  tDaret  geroefen,  ye  had  i^r  tDdret  getDefen,  ye  had 

been  been 

fie  maren  getDefen,  they  had  fie    tDdren   getnefen,    they 

been  had  been 


SUMMARY  OF  GERMAN  GRAMMAR. 


109 


Future. 


id^  tDcrbe  fein,  I  shall  be 

bu  iDirft  fein,  thou  wilt  be 
er  tt)irb  fein,  he  will  be 
XDix  merben  fein,  we  shall  be 
i^r  merbet  fein,  ye  will  be 
fie  tt)erben  fein,  they  will  be 


t(^  merbe  fein,    (that)    I 

shall  be,  etc. 
bu  n^erbeft  fein,  thou  wilt  be 
er  merbe  fein,  he  will  be 
\mv  merben  fein,  we  shall  be 
if^r  merbet  fein,  ye  will  be 
fie  toerben  fein,  they  will  be 


Future  Perfect. 


id}  merbe  gemefen   fein,   I 

shall  have  been 
bu  mirft  gemefen  fein,  thou 

wilt  have  been 
er  mirb  gemefen  fein,  he  will 

have  been 
tvxx  ttjerben  gemefen  fein,  we 

shall  have  been 
i^r  merbet  gemefen  fein,  ye 

will  have  been 
fie  merben  gemefen  fein,  they 

will  have  been 


ii^    njerbe    geraefen    fein, 

(that)  I  shall  have  been 
bu    merbeft   gemefen   fein, 

thou  wilt  have  been 
er  merbe  gemefen  fein,  he 

will  have  been 
n)ir  merben  gett)efen  fein, 

we  shall  have  been 
i^r  n:)erbet  gemefen  fein,  ye 

will  have  been 
fie    tDerben    gemefen    fein, 

they  will  have  been 


First  Conditional. 

i(^  iDiirbe  fein,  I  should  be 
bu  miirbeft  fein,  thou  wouldst  be 
er  tt)iirbe  fein,  he  would  be 
tDir  tDiirben  fein,  we  should  be 
i^r  miirbet  fein,  ye  would  be 
fie  miirben  fein,  they  would  be 


110  SUMMARY  OF  GERMAN  GRAMMAR. 

Second  Conditional. 

id^  iDiirbe  gemefeu  fein,  I  should  have  been 
bu  tDiirbeft  getDefeii  fein,  thou  wouldst  have  been 
er  tuiirbe  gctnefeii  feiii,  he  would  have  been 
\inx  tDilrben  gemcfen  feiu,  we  should  have  been 
i^r  miirbet  gemefen  feiu,  ye  would  have  been 
fie  miirben  gemefen  feiu,  they  would  have  been 

Imperative. 

fei,  be  (thou)  feib,  be  (ye) 

Infinitives. 

Present :   feiu,  to  be. 

Perfect:    geiDefen  feiu,  to  have  been 

Participles. 
Present:  fetenb,  being         Past:   gettjefen,  been 

e.  The  verb  tX^ttitti,  to  become,  is  conjugated  as 
follows : 

Principal  Parts  :  mxittif  ttiatb,  or  iQtttbe^  gettlOtbCtt. 

Indicative.  Subjunctive. 

Present. 

iij  iDerbe,  I  become  id)  merbe,  (that)  I  become 

bu  tDirft,  thou  becomest  bu  merbeft,  thou  becomest 

er  tt)irb,  he  becomes  er  tDerbe,  he  becomes 

toix  merbeu,  we  become  irir  tDerben,  we  become 

i^r  tt)erbet,  ye  become  i^r  merbet,  ye  become 

fie  merben,  they  become  fie  merben,  they  become 


SUMMARY  OF  GERMAN  GRAMMAR. 


Ill 


Imperfect. 

xi)  tDurbe,  or  tvaxb,  I  be-    id^  miirbc,  I  became 
came 


^    bu  tDurbeft,  or  marbft 
cr  murbe,  or  waxb 
tDir  murben 
i()r  murbet 
fie  tDurben 


bu  miirbeft 
er  ttjurbc 
mir  iDiirben 
xf)v  miirbet 
fie  tDiirben 


Perfect. 


i^  bin  getnorbeu,   I  have  id^  fei  gemorben,  I  have 

become  become 

bu  6ift  gemorbeu,  thou  hast  bn  feieft  gemorbeu 

become 

er  ift  gemorben,  he  has  be-  er  fei  getDorben 

come 


iDir  fiub  geroorben 
i\)x  feib  gemorben 
fie  fiub  gett)  or  ben 


mir  feien  getDorben 
i^r  feiet  gemorben 
fie  feien  gemorben 


Pluperfect. 
iij  tuar  gemorben,  I  had  be-    ic^  mcire  gemorben,  I  had 


come 

bu  marft  gemorben 
er  mar  gemorben 
tt)ir  maren  gemorben 
i^r  maret  gemorben 
fie  ttjaren  gemorben 


become 
bu  mdreft  gemorben 
er  mdre  gemorben 
mir  mdren  gemorben 
i^r  mdret  gemorben 
fie  mciren  gemorben 


Future. 


td^  merbe  merben,  I  shall    id^  merbe  merben 
become 


112  SUMMARY  OF  GERMAN  GRAMMAR. 

hxL  mirft  merben  bu  merbeft  merben 

er  mirb  merbeit  er  tt)erbe  raerben 

tt)ir  tDerben  toerben  tt)ir  merben  merben 

i^r  tDerbet  iDerben  i^r  merbet  merben 

fie  iDerben  ttjerben  fie  tuerben  ujerben 

Future  Perfect. 

id^  ttJerbe  gemorben  fein,  I    x(i)  tDerbe  gemorben  fein 

shall  have  become 

bu  mirft  getDorbeu  fein  bu  merbeft  getDorben  fein 

er  mirb  gemorben  fein  er  merbe  gemorben  fein 

iDir  n)erben  gemorben  fein  mir  iuerben  gemorben  fein 

i^x  merbet  gemorben  fein  i^r  merbet  gemorben  fein 

fie  merben  gemorben  fein  fie  merben  gemorben  fein 

First  Conditional. 

i^  miirbe  merben,  I  should  become 

bu  miirbeft  merben 

er  miirbe  merben 

mir  miirben  merben 

U)x  miirbet  merben 

fie  miirben  merben 

Second  Conditional. 

id^  murbe  gemorben  fein,  I  should  have  become 

bu  miirbeft  gemorben  fein 

er  miirbe  gemorben  fein 

mir  miirben  gemorben  fein 

i^r  miirbet  gemorben  fein 

fie  miirben  gemorben  fein 

Imperative. 

IDcrbe,  become  (thou)  merbet,  become  (ye) 


SUMMARY  OF  GERMAN  GRAMMAR.    113 

Infinitives. 

Present :  njerben,  to  become 

Perfect:  gelt)orben  fein,  to  have  become 

Participles. 

Present:  tDerbenb,  becoming 
Past:  geiDorben,  become 

23.    RULES   FOR   THE   FORMATION    OF    COM- 
POUND TENSES  AND  THE  PASSIVE  VOICE. 

a.  ^aben,  fein,  and  tDerben  are  used  in  the  con- 
jugation of  other  verbs,  to  make  compound  tenses 
and  the  passive  voice. 

b.  §akn  or  fein  is  used  to  make  the  perfect  and 
the  pluperfect  tense  of  a  verb ;  toltttien  is  used  to 
make  the  futures,  the  conditionals,  and  the  pas- 
sive voice. 

c.  The  Past  Participle  of  a  verb  is  used  with 
the  auxiliary  to  make  the  perfect,  the  pluperfect, 
and  the  passive  voice  of  the  verb. 

d.  The  Infinitives  of  a  verb  are  used  with 
tuerben  to  make  the  futures  and  the  conditionals 
of  the  verb. 

e.  To  make  the  perfect  or  the  pluperfect,  in- 
dicative or  subjunctive,  of  any  verb,  use  the 
present  or  the  imperfect,  indicative  or  subjunc- 
tive, of  t)a6en  or  fein  with  the  past  participle  of 
the  verb.  All  transitives,  reflexives,  impersonals, 
and  many  other  verbs  take  ^aben;  a  number  of 
intransitives  take  fein. 


114  SUMMARY  OF  GERMAN  GRAMMAR. 

/.  To  make  the  future  or  the  future  perfect, 
indicative  or  subjunctive,  of  any  verb,  use  the 
present  indicative  or  subjunctive  of  tt)erben  with 
the  present  infinitive  for  the  future,  and  the  per- 
fect infinitive  for  the  future  perfect. 

g.  To  make  the  conditionals  of  any  verb,  use 
the  imperfect  subjunctive  of  tDerben  with  the 
present  infinitive  for  the  first  conditional,  and  the 
perfect  infinitive  for  the  second  conditional. 

A.  To  make  any  tense  of  the  passive  voice  of  a 
verb,  use  the  same  tense  of  it)erben  with  the  past 
participle  of  the  verb.  In  the  passive  voice 
gelDOvben  is  written  without  the  prefix  ge^.  The 
past  participle  of  the  verb  precedes  the  par- 
ticiples and  the  infinitives  of  the  auxiliary. 

24.  REGULAR  AND  IRREGULAR  VERBS. 

a.  According  to  their  conjugation,  verbs  are 
divided  into  two  classes — Regular  and  Irregular 
Verbs* — distinguished  by  the  formation  of  their 
principal  parts. 

h.  A  KEGULiR  verb  forms  its  imperfect  (indie. 
1st  pers.)  by  adding  to  the  present  stem  it  or  etc, 
and  the  past  participle  by  adding  to  the  stem 
t  or  et. 

c.  An  IRREGULAR  verb  to  make  the  imperfect 
(indie.  1st  pers.)  changes  the  stem  vowel  and 
adds  no  ending  (other  changes  in  the  stem  fre- 

*  Regular  verbs  are  called  also  verbs  of  the  Old  or  Strong  con- 
JTigation  ;  and  irregular  yerbs,  verbs  of  the  New  or  We^k  con- 
jugation. 


SUMMARY  OF  GERMAN  GRAMMAR.  115 

quently  occur);  to  the  stem  it  adds  en  for  the 
ending  of  the  past  participle,  and  sometimes 
changes  the  stem  vowel. 

d.  The  past  participle  of  both  regular  and 
irregular  verbs  has  usually  the  prefix  ge-.  Excep- 
tions are  verbs  in  -teren,  inseparable  verbs,  and 
tDerben  as  the  passive  auxiliary. 

e.  The  present  stem  is  found  by  dropping  the 
infinitive  ending  n  or  en  from  the  present  in- 
finitive. 

/.  A  few  verbs,  called  mixed  verbs,  make  part 
of  their  forms  regularly  and  part  irregularly. 
Verbs  having  any  irregularity  are  usually  given 
in  a  list  of  irregular  verbs. 

25.  The  REGULAR  verb  lobttt,  to  praise,  is  con- 
jugated as  follows : 

Principal  Parts  :   UUn,  \Mt,  %tlM. 

ACTIVE  VOICE. 

Indicative,  Subjunctive, 

Present. 

\^  lobe,  I  praise,  am  prais-    ic^  lobe,   (that)  I  praise, 

ing,  do  praise  etc. 

bii  lobft,  thou  praisest,  dost     bu  lobeft 

praise,  art  praising 
er  lobt,  he  praises,  is  prais-     er  lobe 

ing,  does  praise 
mir  (obeu,  we  praise,  are     tpir  Xobtn 

praising,  do  praise 


116  SUMMARY  OF  GERMAN  GRAMMAR. 

i'^r    Io6t,    ye    praise,   are    i^x  Io6et 

praising,  do  praise 
fie  loben,  they  praise,  are    ftc  to6en 

praising,  do  praise 

Imperfect. 

x(i)  lobte,   I  praised,  was    id^  lobtc,  (that)  I  praised, 

praising,  did  praise  etc. 

bu  lobteft,  thou  praisedst,     bu  lobteft 

wast  praising,  etc. 
er  lobte,  he  praised,  was    er  lobtc 

praising,  did  praise 
n)ir    tobten,    we    praised,     tvxx  lobtcn 

were  praising,  did  praise 
i^r  lobtet,  ye  praised,  were     xf)v  lobtet 

praising,  did  praise 
fie    lobten,   they   praised,     fie  lobten 

were  praising,  did  praise 

Perfect. 

\^    l^abe    getobt,    I  have    id)  %be  getobt,  (that)    I 

praised,  been  praising      '    have  praised,  etc. 

bu  ^aft  getobt,  thou  hast    bu  l^abeft  getobt 

praised,  etc. 
er  ^at  getobt  er  l^abe  getobt 

ttjir  ^ahtn  gelobt  toxx  ^aben  getobt 

i^r  ^abt  gelobt  t^r  ^bet  gelobt 

fie  ^abeu  getobt  fie  l^abeu  gelobt 

Pluperfect. 

l^    :§atte    getobt,     I    had    i(^  ^atte   gelobt,  (that)  I 
praised,  been  praising  had  praised,  etc. 


SUMMARY  OF  GERMAN  GRAMMAR. 


117 


hn  !^atteft  getobt,  thouhadst, 

etc. 
er  ijattt  getobt 
lt)ir  fatten  getobt 
i^r  ^attet  gelobt 
ftc  I)atten  gelobt 


hn  ^dtteft  gelobt 

er  ^attt  gelobt 
mir  t)dtten  geto6t 
i^r  I)dttet  getobt 
fie  l^dtten  gelobt 


Future. 

idE|    tDerbe    loben,  I    shall    id)  merbe  toben,  (that)  I 

praise,  be  praising 
bu  \mx]t  loben,  thou  wilt, 

etc. 
er  mitb  loben 
tt)ir  iDerben  toben 
i(}r  merbet  loben 
fie  tDerben  loben 


shall  praise,  etc. 
bu  tuerbeft  loben 

er  iDerbe  loben 
mir  merben  toben 
i^r  tr^erbet  toben 
fie  njerben  toben 


Future  Perfect. 

i(^   tt)erbe  getobt  l^abeu,   I    id^  n^erbe  getobt  ^abtn 

shall  have  praised,  etc. 
bu  njirft  getobt  ^aben 
er  mirb  getobt  f)ahtn 
Wix  iDerben  getobt  ^ahtn 
i^r  merbet  getobt  1)abtn 
fie  n)erben  getobt  l^aben 


bu  iDerbeft  getobt  l^aben 
er  iDerbe  getobt  ^abzn 
iDir  tDerben  getobt  ^ahtn 
i^r  merbet  getobt  ^aben 
fie  iDerben  getobt  l^aben 


FiKST  Conditional. 

idf|  tDilrbe  toben,  I  should  praise,  be  praising 

bu  miirbeft  toben 

er  iDiirbe  toben 

iDtr  tniirben  toben 

i^r  miirbet  loben 

fie  tpiirben  toben 


118  SUMMARY  OF  GERMAN  GRAMMAR. 

Second  Conditional. 

ii)  iDiirbe  getobt  ^aben,  I  should  have  praised,  etc. 

bu  miirbeft  geluOt  f)aht\i 
er  iDiirbc  getobt  ^ahtn 
it)ir  miirben  geloOt  Ijabtn 
ii)v  tDiirbet  getobt  i)abtn 
fie  tDiirben  getobt  ^aben 

Imperative. 

lobe,  praise  (thou)  Iob(e)t,  praise  (ye) 

Infinitives. 

Present:  loben,  to  praise,  to  be  praising 
Perfect:   getobt  ^aben,  to  have  praised,  to  have  been 
praising 

Participles. 

Present:  lobenb,  praising  Past:  gelobt,  praised 

PASSIVE  VOICE. 

Indicative.  Subjunctive. 

Present. 

tc^  merbe  gelobt,  I  am  prais-  ic^  iDerbe  getobt,  I  be 
ed,  am  being  praised  praised,  may  be  praised 

bu  iDirft  gelobt,  thou  art,  etc.    hn  merbeft  gelobt,  etc. 

Imperfect. 

itf)  trurbe  gelobt,  I  was  xij  ttjiirbe  getobt,  I  were 
praised,  was  being  praised,  might  bo 
praised  praised 

bu    iourbeft    getobt,    thou  bu  tpiirbeft  getobt,  etc, 
wast  praised,  etc. 


SUMMARY  OF  GERMAN  GRAMMAR.  Hg 

Perfect. 

id^  bin  gelobt  morben,  I  have    id^  fei  (^elobt  morben 

been  praised 
bu  bift  gelobt  tuorbeu,  etc.       bu  feiep  gelobt  luorbeii,  etc. 

Pluperfect. 

id^  tr>ar  gelobt  rtjorben,  Ihad    ic^  tticire  gelobt  loorben 

been  praised 
bu  toax]t  gelobt  morbeu,  etc.     bu  tt)dreftge(obtrt)orbeu,etc. 

Future. 

ii)  tuerbe  getobt  iDerben,  I    id^  tDerW  gelobt  merben 

shall  be  praised 
bu  U)irft  gelobt  tDerbeu,  etc.     bu  n)erbeft  getobt  t^erben, 

etc. 

Future  Perfect. 

id^  tuerbe  getobt  lt)orbeu  fein,  id^  tuerbe  gelobt  tDorben  fein 

I  shall  have  been  praised 

bu  mirft  getobt  iDorbeu  feiu,  bu  merbeft  getobt  morben 

etc.  fein,  etc. 

FiBST  Conditional. 

id^  tDiirbe  getobt  tt)erbeu,  I  should  be  praised 

bu  tDurbeft  getobt  U)erben,  thou  wouldst  be  praised,  etc. 

Second  Conditional. 

id^  iDiirbe  getobt  iDorben  fein,  I  should  have  been  praised 
bu  tt)iirbeft  getobt  m  or  ben  fein,  etc. 

•    Imperative. 

iDerbe    getobt,    be    (thou)      tDerbet    getobt,    be    (ye) 
praise^  praised 


120  SUMMARY  OF  GERMAN  GRAMMAR. 

Infinitives. 

Present :  gelobt  iDcrben,  to  .be  praised 

Ferfeot :   gelobt  tporben  fein,  to  have  been  praised 

Pakticiples. 

Present :  gelobt  tt>erbenb,  being  praised 
Past:        gelobt  tDorben,  been  praised 
Future :   ju  lobenb,  to  be  praised  {used  only  as  an  ad- 
jective) 

26.     The  lEREGULAR  verb  geieit^  to  give,  is  con- 
jugated as  follows : 

Principal  Parts  :  geiett^  %ab,  it^titU. 

Indicative.  Subjunctive. 

Present. 

td^  gebe,  I  give,  am  giving,  ifS)  gebe,  I  give,  may  give, 

do  give  etc. 

bu    giebft,   or    gibft,    thou  bu  gebeft 

givest,  etc. 

er  giebt,  or  gibt,  he  gives,  er  gebc 

etc. 

tt)ir  geben,  we  give,  are  giv-  tutr  geben 

ing,  do  give 

i^r  gebt,  ye  give,  etc.  i!^r  gebet 

fie  geben,  they  give,  etc.  fie  geben. 

Imperfect. 

t(f|  gab,  I  gave,  was  giving,  id)   gdbe,   I   gave,   might 

did  give  give,  etc. 

bn  gabft,  thou  gavest,  etc.  bn  gdbeft 

er  gab,  he  gave,  etc,  er  gdbe 


SUMMARY  OF  GERMAN  GRAMMAR.  121 

tDir  gaben,  we  gave,  etc.         tvix  gdben 
i^r  %ahi,  ye  gave,  etc.  i^r  gdbet 

fie  gabcn,  they  gave,  etc.       fie  gaben 

Perfect. 

id^  !)abc   gcgebcn,   I  have    id^  ^abe  gegeben 

given,  have  been  giving 
bu  i)a\t  gegeben,  thou  hast    bu  ^abeft  gegeben,  etc. 

given,  etc. 

Pluperfect. 

id^    ^aitt    gegeben,   I  had    id^  l^dtte  gegeben 

given,  been  giving 
bn    ^atteft    gegeben,    thou    bu  l^citteft  gegeben 

hadst  given,  etc. 

Future. 

idE|   merbe   geben,   I   shall    id)  ftierbe  geben 

give,  be  giving 
bu  mirft  geben,  thou  wilt,    bu  merbeft  geben,  etc. 

etc. 

Future  Perfect. 

id^  njerbe  gegeben  ^abtn,  I    ic^  merbe  gegeben  l^aben 

shall  have  given,  been 

giving 
bu  mirft  gegeben  l^aben,  etc.    bu  merbeft  gegeben  l^aben, 

etc. 

First  Conditional. 

id^  njiirbe  geben,  I  should  give,  etc. 
bu  miirbeft  geben,  thou  wouldst,  etc. 


122  SUMMARY  OF  GERMAN  GRAMMAR. 

Second  Conditional. 

ii)  tDiirbe  gegeOen  "^aben,  I  should  have  given,  been 

giving 
bu  tDiirbefl  gegeben  ^aben,  thou  wouldst,  etc. 

Imperative. 

gieb  (gib),  give  (thou)  geb(e)t,  give  (ye) 

Infinitives. 

Present:  geben,  to  give        Perfect :  gegeben l^aben,  to 

have  given 

Participles. 

Present:  gebenb,  giving      Past:  gegeben,  given 

a.  In  the  2d  and  3d  person  singular  of  the 
present  indicative,  irregular  verbs  usually  change 
the  stem  vowel  long  e  to  ie  and  short  e  to  i,  and 
modify  an  a. 

6.  The  imperfect  subjunctive  is  formed  from 
the  imperfect  indicative  by  adding  e,  and,  if  pos- 
sible, modifying. 

27.    COMPOUND  VERBS. 

a.  Yerbs  are  compounded  with  two  kinds  of 
prefixes,  separable  and  inseparable.  An  insepa- 
rable prefix  is  never  separated  from  the  verb.  In 
the  infinitives  and  participles  a  separable  prefix 
stands  before  the  verb,  and  is  written  with  it  as 
one  word ;  elsewhere,  excepting  in  the  transposed 
order  (33,  34,  6.),  the  prefix  stands  after  the  verb, 
near  the  end  of  the  clause. 


SUMMARY  OF  GERMAN  GRAMMAR. 


123 


6.  In  verbs  compounded  separably,  the  prefix 
always  receives  the  accent,  ©e-  of  the  past  par- 
ticiple stands  between  the  prefix  and  the  verb, 
and  the  whole  is  written  as  one  word;  ju,  when 
used  as  sign  of  the  infinitive,  has  this  position. 

28.    Synopsis  of  a  verb  separably  compounded : 
abgcbeit,  to  deliver,  give  up,  etc. 

Principal  Parts:  afigebett^  gai  ^%  aigegetett. 

Tense. 
Present  : 
Imperfect  : 
Perfect : 
Pluperfect : 
Future : 
Future  Perfect  : 


Subjunctive, 
id)  gebe  ah 
id)  gdbe  ab 
idE)  ^abe  abgegeben 
id^  ^(itte  abgegeben 
id)  inerbe  abgeben 
i(f|   iDerbe  abgegc:? 
ben  ^aben 


Indicative. 

iij  gebe  ab 

icf|  gab  ab 

\^  ^ahc  abgegeben 

ic£)  ^atit  abgegeben 

xfi)  merbe  abgeben 

ic^  tDerbc  abgegeben 
l^aben 

First  Conditional:      id)  ttJiirbe  abgeben 
Second  Conditional :  id^  miirbe  abgegeben  !)aben 
Imperative :  gieb  (gib)  ab 

Infinitives. 

Present :  abgeben  (abjngeben)    Perfect :  abgegeben  ^aben 

Pakticiples. 

Present:  abgebenb        Past:  abgegeben 

a.  The  inseparable  prefixes  are  Be«,  tuU  (cmp^), 
%t^f  tX*,  llCt^,  JCt*.  The  verb,  not  the  prefix,  is 
accented.  A  verb  inseparably  compounded  omits 
the  prefix  ge-  in  the  past  participle ;  ^u  as  sign  of 


124 


SUMMARY  OF  GERMAN  GRAMMAR. 


the  infinitive  stands  before  the  verb  and  is  sepa- 
rated from  it. 

29.     Synopsis    of    a    verb    insepabably    com- 
pounded : 

llCttcifeil^  to  depart,  journey  away. 

Principal  Parts  :   netteifett,  Uttteifie,  Herreifl. 


Tense. 

Present  : 
Imperfect : 
Perfect  : 
Pluperfect  : 
Future  : 


Indicative. 


Subjunctive. 

id)  berreije 
ic^  tjerreifte 
iij  fei  Uerreift 
xi)  tDdre  berreift 
id^  iDerbe  tierreifen 


id)  Derreife 
id)  berreifte 
id)  bin  tierreift 
id)  tDax  t)erreift 
id)  n?erbe  i^er- 
re  if  en 
Future  Perfect :  id)  tt)erbe  t)er^ 
reift  fein 
First  Conditional :     id)  miirbe  tjerreifen 
Second  Conditional :  id)  tt)iirbe  berreift  fein 
Imperative :  tierreife 


id)   tDerbe  t)erreift  fein 


iNTINITrVHES. 

Present :  tjerreifen  (§n  berreifen) 

Participles. 


Perfect:  t)erreift  fein 


Present:  l^erreifenb 


Past:  tierreift 


30.  A  few  prefixes,  especially  burd^,  t)tnter,  iiber, 
unt,  unter,  iDieber,  are  used  sometimes  separably 
and  sometimes  inseparably,  nearly  always  with  a 
difference  of  meaning  :  ii'berfe^cn,  to  set  over,  ferry 
over,  etc.,   iibcrfe^'en,  to  translate;   n)ie'berf)oIen,   to 


SUMMARY  OF  GERMAN  GRAMMAR.  125 

bring  again,  bring  back,  tDieber^o'Ien,  to  repeat  Such 
verbs  are  accented  and  conjugated  according  to 
their  use,  as  separable  or  inseparable  verbs. 

31.    MODAIi  AUXILIABIES. 

a.  The  modal  auxiliaries  are  burfen,  to  he 
allowed,  dare,  fonnen,  to  be  able,  can,  mSgen,  like, 
choose,  may,  tniiffen,  be  obliged,  have  to,  must,  foHen, 
be  to,  shall,  ought,  tt)oIIen,  vnll,  be  tviUing^  tmsh.  They 
are  conjugated  as  follows : 

b.  iurfctt. 

Principal  Parts  :   butfeit,  btttfte,  gebtttft. 

Indicative.  Subjunctive. 

Present. 

id)  barf,  I  am  allowed,  may    id^  biirfe 

bu  barfft,  thou  art  allow-    bu  burfeft 

ed,  etc. 

cr  barf  er  biirfe 

tDir  biirfcn  Xoxx  biirfcn 

i^r  biirft  x^x  biirfet 

fie  biirfen  fie  biirfen 

Imperfect, 
id^  burfte,  I  was  allowed,    \i)  biirfte 

etc. 
bu  burfteft,  etc.  bu  biirfteft,  etc. 

Perfect. 

id)  ^abe  geburft  (biirfen)  id^  ^abe  geburft  (biirfen) 

bu  ^aft  geburft  (biirfen),  etc.     bu  ^abefl  geburft  (biirfen), 

etc. 


126  SUMMARY  OF  GERMAN  GRAMMAR. 

Pluperfect. 

ic^  f)attc  geburft  (biirfen)  id^  ^citte  gcburft  (biirfcn) 

bu  ^atteft  geburft  (biirfen),     bu  l)dtteft  geburft  (biirfen), 
etc.  etc. 

Future. 

id^  merbe  biirfen  td^  merbe  biirfen 

bu  mirft  biirfen,  etc.  bu  tuerbeft  biirfen,  etc. 

Future  Perfect, 
id^    merbe    geburft    1)abtn    \d)    merbe    geburft    ^aben 

(^aben  biirfen)  (^aben  biirfen) 

bu  mirft  geburft  ^aben  (^aben    bu  merbeft  geburft    ^aben 

biirfen),  etc.  (l^aben  biirfen),  etc. 

First  Conditional. 
id^  miirbe  biirfen 
bu  miirbeft  biirfen,  etc. 

Second  Conditional, 
id^  miirbe  geburft  ^aben  (I)aben  biirfen) 
bu  miirbeft  geburft  i)abcn  (^aben  biirfen),  etc. 

Imperative. 
wanting 

Infinitives. 
Present:  biirfen 
Perfect :  geburft  ^aben  (^aben  biirfen) 

Participles. 
Present:  biirfenb         Past:  geburft 

c.  fannctt. 

Principal  Parts  :  iinntn,  Inttttte,  jefontlt. 


SUMMARY  OF  GERMAN  GRAMMAR  127 


Indicative. 

Subjunctive, 

Present. 

id^  fann,  I  can, 

am  able 

\6)  fonne 

bu  fannft 

bu  lonneft 

cr  !ann 

er  !i3nne 

tt)ir  fonnen 

iDtr  fonnen 

\f)x  !onnt 

i^r  fonnet 

fie  fonnen 

fie  fonnen 

Imperfect, 
id^  fonnte,  I    could,  was    i^  fonnte,  etc, 
able,  etc. 

Perfect, 
id^  ^ait  gefonnt  (fonnen),    id^  l^abe  gefonnt  (fonnen), 
etc.  etc. 

Pluperfect. 

id^  f)aiit  gefonnt  (fonnen),    id^  ^dtte  gefonnt  (fonnen), 
etc.  etc. 

Future. 

id^  ttjerbe  fonnen,  etc.  id^  n)erbe  fonnen,  etc. 

Future  Perfect, 
id^    ttjerbe    gefonnt   ^aben    id^    merbe    gefonnt    l^aben 
(^aben  fonnen),  etc.  (^aben  fonnen),  etc. 

First  Conditional. 
id^  iDiirbe  fonnen,  etc. 

Second  Conditional. 

i6)  tDxirbe  gefonnt  ^ben  (^aben  fonnen),  etc. 

Imperative. 

wanting 


128    SUMMARY  OF  GERMAN  GRAMMAR. 

Infinitives. 

Present:  fonnen     Perfect:  gcfonnt  l^aben  (l^aben  f Bnncn) 

Participles. 

Present:  lonncnb  Past:  gclonnt 

Principal  Parts  :  mSgett^  XMij^t,  gemoi^i 

Indicative.  Svibjunctive. 

Present. 

i(S)  mag,  I  like,  may  id^  ntogc 

bn  magft  bu  ntogcft 

cr  mag  cr  mogc 

mir  mogcn  n)ir  mogen 

i^r  mogt  xf)x  mogct 

fie  mogcn  fie  mogen 

Imperfect. 

id^  mod^te,  I  liked,  etc.  id^  mod^te,  I  should  like, 

etc. 
Perfect. 

i^    :^abe  gemod^t  (mogen),    id^  ^abe  gcmod^t  (mogen), 
etc.  etc. 

Pluperfect. 

\i)  ^tte  gemod^t  (mogen),        id^  l^atte  gemod^t  (mogen), 
etc.  etc. 

Future. 
ii)  toerbe  mogen,  etc.  id§  n)erbe  mogen,  etc. 

Future  Perfect. 
idE)    toerbe    gemod^t    ^aben    ii)    merbe    gemod^t    l^aben 
(^aben  mogen),  etc.  (^aben  mogen),  etc. 


SUMMARY  OF  GERMAN  GRAMMAR     129 

FiBST  Conditional. 
x(S)  itJilrbc  mogen,  etc. 

Second  Conditional. 
\(S)  tpiirbc  gemod^t  ^ahtn  {Xjabtn  mogcn;,  etc. 

Imperative. 

wanting 

Infinitives. 

Present :  mBgcn     Perfect :  gemo^t  i)abtn  (^abcn  mogcn) 

Participles. 

Present:  mogcnb  Past:  gcmod^t 

e.  wfiffett. 
Principal  Parts:  muff  en,  mu^tt,  getttugt. 

Indicative.  Subjunctive. 

Present. 

id^   mu^,     I    must,     am     \6)  ntiiffc 

obliged 

bu  mu^t  bu  miiffcft 

er  mu§  cr  muffe 

Xoxx  miiffen  toxx  muffcn 

il^r  ntiifet  i^r  miiffct 

ftc  miiffctt  fie  miiffcn 

Imperfect. 

id^  mu^te,   I  had  to,  was    id^  mii^tc^  etc. 
obliged,  etc. 

Perfect. 

\6)  l^abe  gcmufet   (muff en),    idf)  ^abc  gcmufet  (miiffcn), 

etc.  etc. 

Pluperfect, 
id^  ^attc  gcmufet  (miiffcn),     ic^  ^attc  gcmufet  (miiffen), 

etc,  etc. 


130  SUMMARY  OF  GERMAN  GRAMMAR. 

Future, 
ic^  mcrbe  miiffcn,  etc.  id)  tDerbe  miiffen,  etc. 

Future  Perfect, 
id^    tt)erbe    gcmufet    ^aben    ii^  merbe    gemufet    ^abcn 
(^aben  miiffen),  etc.  (^aben  miiffeu),  etc. 

First  Conditional. 

xi)  tDiirbe  miiffen,  etc. 

Second  Conditional. 

i^  h)iirbe  gemu^t  ^aben  (^aben  miiffen),  etc. 

Imperative. 

wanting 

Infinitives. 

Prese/i^ ;  tnUffen     Perfect :  gemufet  ^aben  (^aben  miiffcn) 

Participles. 
Present :  miiffenb  Past :  gemu^t 

/.  fatten. 

Principal  Parts:   fatten,  fottte,  gefotti. 

Indicative.  Subjunctive, 

Present. 


ic^  foH,  I  shall,  am 

io 

ic^  foHe 

bu  fottft 

bu  foHeft 

cv  joU 

er  foHe 

iDir  follen 

Xoxx  foHen 

itir  fottt 

i^r  fottet 

jie  foden 

fie  foHen 

Imperfect. 

i(^  follte,  I  should, 

ought, 

tc^  fottte,  etc. 

was  to,  etc. 

SUMMARY  OF  GERMAN  GRAMMAR.  131 

Perfect. 

td^  fiait  gefoHt  (foKcn),  etc.    id^  {)abe  gefoHt  (foffcn),  etc. 

Pluperfect. 

id^  l^attc  gcfollt  (f otten),  etc.    id^  ijaiit  gefoUt  (foffcn),  etc. 

Future. 

id^  merbe  foffcn,  etc.  idf)  iDerbc  fotten,  etc. 

Future  Perfect. 

td^  tt)erbc  gcf oUt  ^at)en(^aben    id)  tperbc  gef oHt  f)a6en(5abcn 
jotten),  etc.  foUen),  etc. 

First  Conditional. 

id^  iDiirbe  fotten,  etc. 

Second  Conditional. 

x(S)  touxbt  gefoCt  ijahtn  (^nbett  foHen),  etc. 

Imperative. 

wanting 

Infinitives. 

Present:  foKcn         Perfect:  gefollt  ^aben  (^aben  foUen) 

Participles, 

Present:  foHenb  Pos^:  gefollt 

gr.  toallen. 

Principal  Parts:    tWJBen,  tuofftc,  getnottt. 

Indicative.  Subjunctive, 

Present. 

id^  tt)ill,  I  will,  am  willing,  idE)  iDotte 

wish 

bu  miaft  bu  mollcft 

er  tpitt  er  moUe 


132         SUMMARY  OF  GERMAN  GRAMMAR. 


njir  moHctt 

ttjir  tDoUctt 

i^r  tooUt 

i^r  itJoHct 

fie  tPoHctt 

fie  moHen 

Imperfect. 

ii)  ItJoHte, 

I  would,  was    \(i)  tooUit,  etc. 

willing, 

was  about  to. 

etc. 

Perfect. 

id^  l^abe  getooHt  (tDoCen),    id^  l^abe  gett^oHt  (tDoIten), 
etc.  etc. 

Pluperfect. 

1(5)  ]§atte  gelDoHt  (ttJoCen),    id^  l^atte  getDoIIt  (tDoCett), 
etc.  etc. 

Future, 
td^  tt)erbe  ttJoHen,  etc.  id^  tDerbe  tDotCen,  etc. 

Future  Perfect. 

id^  toerbe  getDoHt  ^aben  (^aben    id^  ft)erbe  getDoKt  5)aiitn 
tooUtn),  etc.  (^nben  tDotten),  etc. 

First  Conditional. 
id^  tDiirbe  mollen,  etc. 

Second  Conditional, 
td^  tt)iirbe  gemoHt  l^aben  (^aben  tDoHen),  etc. 
Imperative. 
tooHe,  be  (thou)  willing        moIl(e)t,  be  (ye)  willing 

Infinitives. 
Present:  tDoHen     Perfect:  getDottt  l^abeti  ("^aben  tnoCett) 


SUMMARY  OF  GERMAN  GRAMMAR.    133 

Participles. 
Present:  tt)oIIenb  Past:  gclpoCt 

Ji,  The  forms  given  in  parentheses  in  the  above 
conjugation  of  the  modal  auxiliaries  are  used 
when  another  infinitive  is  used  in  connection  with 
the  modal  auxiliary.  In  this  case,  with  two  or 
more  infinitives  at  the  end  of  a  clause,  the  per- 
sonal verb  in  the  transposed  order  directly  pre- 
cedes the  infinitives. 

L  For  the  first  conditional  the  imperfect  sub- 
junctive is  often  used,  and  the  pluperfect  subjunc- 
tive nearly  always  takes  the  place  of  the  second 
conditional. 

32.  PREPOSITIONS, 
a.  Of  prepositions  that  govern  the  genitive  are: 

anftatt,  ftatt,  instead  of  ungea(f)tet,   notwithstand- 

ing 
aufeerl^aK),  outside  unfern,    immeit,    not    far 

from 
innerl^alb,  within  tnittel§,      bermittelft,     by 

means  of 
obcrtjatI\  above  tDcil^renb,  during 

unter^alb,  below  iDegen,  on  account  of 

Icingg,  along  jufotge,  in  consequence  of 

tro^,  in  spite  of  bie§feit(§),  on  this  side  of 

um  .  . .  .  tDillen,  on  account    j[enfeit(§),  beyond,  on  that 
of  side  of 

h.  Sang^,  tro|,  and  jufolge  take  the  dative  also. 
Um tDitlen  takes  the  noun  between  its  parts. 


134  SUMMARY  OF  GERMAN  GRAMMAR. 

c.  Prepositions  governiiig  the  dative  are: 

au§>,  out  of,  from  na(^,  to,  after,  according 

to 
au^er,  out  of,  besides,  ex-    nd(i)ft,  next  to 

cept 
bet,  at,  near,  with  nebft,     fantmt,     together 

with 
binnen,  within  fcit,  since 

entgegen,  against  bon,  of,  from,  by 

gcgeniiber,  opposite  ju,  to>  at 

ntit,  with  julDiber,  contrary  to 

d.  (Sntgegen,  gegeniiber,   and  jutDtber  follow   the 
noun. 

e.  Prepositions  governing  the  accusative  are : 

bi§,  as  far  as,  till  Q^Q^n,  against,  towards,  to 

burc^,  through,  by  ol^ne,  without 

fiir,  for  urn,  about,  around,  at,  for 

tt)tber,  against 

/.  The  following  nine  prepositions  take  the  ac- 
cusative when  there  is  implied  motion  to  or 
towards  an  object ;  when  they  denote  locality  only, 
they  take  the  dative : 

an,  at,  on,  to  neben,  near,  beside 

auf,  on,  upon  iiber,    across,   over    (con- 

cerning, takes  ace.) 
Winter,  behind  unter,  among,  under 

in,  in,  into,  to  t)or,  before  {of  time,  ago, 

takes  dat.) 
5tr)tfd)en,  between 


SUMMARY  OF  GERMAN  GRAMMAR.  I35 

33.    ORDEK  OP  WORDS. 

a.  With  reference  to  the  position  of  the  per- 
sonal verb  (the  part  that  changes  form  for  person 
and  number),  there  are  three  orders — Normal,  or 
Kegular ;  Inverted ;  Transposed.  When  the  per- 
sonal verb  immediately  follows  the  subject  (with 
its  modifiers),  the  order  is  called  normal,  or  regu- 
lar ;  when  the  personal  verb  precedes  the  subject, 
the  order  is  the  inverted  ;  when  the  personal  verb 
is  removed  to,  or  near,  the  end  of  the  clause,  the 
order  is  the  transposed. 

6.  An  independent  clause  takes  the  normal  or 
the  inverted  order.  The  normal  order  is  used 
excepting  in  four  cases  that  require  the  inverted. 
The  four  cases  are : 

1.  Interrogative  clauses. 

2.  Imperative  or  optative  clauses. 

3.  Excepting  the  conjunctions  ahzx,  altein,  fottbcm, 
hut,  benn,  for,  since,  entlDeber,  either,  ober,  or,  fo- 
iDO^{  ....  qB,  both  ....  and,  when  any  word  other 
than  the  subject  (with  its  modifiers)  stands  first. 

4.  When  the  verb  is  placed  first  for  emphasis. 

c.  In  an  interrogative  clause,  if  an  interrogative 
word  is  the  subject  or  a  modifier  of  the  subject, 
the  order  is  normal. 

d.  If  a  dependent  clause  precedes  a  principal 
clause,  the  latter  has  the  inverted  order. 

e.  In  the  inverted  order,  the  subject  immediately 
follows  the  verb ;  but  a  pronoun  object  stands  be- 
tween the  verb  and  the  subject,  if  the  latter  is  a 
noun, 


136  SUMMARY  OF  GERMAN  GRAMMAR. 

/.  A  dependent  clause,  if  the  word  introducing 
the  clause  is  expressed,  takes  the  transposed 
order.  The  inverted  order  is  used  to  express  a 
condition  without  tt)enn,  if;  otherwise,  if  the  word 
introducing  the  clause  is  not  expressed,  the  normal 
order  is  used. 

EXAMPLES : 

1.  ®e^en  (Sie  nad^  bcr  ®tabt?    Are  you  going  to  the  city? 

2.  @el)en  ©ie  uac^  ber  @tabt.    Go  to  the  city. 

3.  ©eftern  fiiib  ®ie  nad^  ber  ®tabt  gegangen.  Yesterday  you 
went  to  the  city. 

4.  @inb  @te  bod^  nad^  bcr  ®tabt  gegangen.  You  d\d  go  though 
to  the  city. 

c.  ^klc^e§  8ud^  \\i  auf  bent  Sifc^?  Which  book  is  on  the 
table? 

d.  SBenn  @ie  gut  fittb,  tuerben  @ie  gliicfUd^  feiu.  If  you  are 
good,  you  will  be  happy. 

e.  §at  mir  mein  greunb  bag  33ud)  gegeben?  Did  my  friend  give 
me  the  book  ? 

/.  2Beun  @ie  nad^  ber  ©tabt  gel)en,  trerben  @ie  meinen  greunb 
jet)en.  @e^en  @ie  tiad^  ber  ®tabt,  fo  iDerben  @ie  meinen  grcunb 
fe{)en.    If  you  go  to  the  city,  you  will  see  my  friend. 

34.     GENERAL   RULES    FOR    THE    ORDER  OP 
OTHER  WORDS. 

a.  Separable  prefixes,  participles,  and  infinitives 
stand  at  the  end  of  a  clause  in  the  order  men- 
tioned. 

&.  In  the  simple  tenses  of  a  verb  separably  com- 
pounded, the  prefix  stands  at  the  end,  excepting 
in  the  transposed  order  (33,  «•  and  /.).  In  the 
transposed  order  the  separable  prefix  has  the  po- 
sition of  the  inseparable  prefix. 


SUMMARY  OF  GERMAN  GRAMMAR  137 

c.  Personal  pronouns,  as  direct  or  indirect  ob- 
ject, stand  first  among  the  modifiers  of  the  predi- 
cate. When  two  are  used,  the  shorter  precedes 
the  other ;  if  both  are  of  one  syllable,  the  third 
person  indirect  follows  the  direct  object. 

d.  Adverbs  of  time  usually  precede  other  ad- 
verbs. 

e.  An  indirect  object  of  person  precedes  a  direct 
object  of  a  thing. 

/.  If  the  negative  adverb  nic^t  modifies  a  par- 
ticular word  or  phrase,  it  precedes  that  word  or 
phrase  ;  otherwise,  nidjt  stands  at,  or  near,  the  end 
of  the  clause. 

gr.  Predicate  nouns  and  adjectives  stand  near  the 
end  of  the  clause. 

EXAMPLES : 

a.  3d^  trerbe  ttod^  ber  ©tabt  guriicfgcgangen  fein.  I  shall  have 
gone  back  to  the  city. 

&.  ^^  ging  guriicf.  I  was  going  back.  31I«  i^  guriicfging* 
When  I  was  going  back. 

c.  ^6)  tDcrbe  eg  31^nen  morgen  geben.  I  will  give  it  to  you  to- 
morrow. 

d.  gg  l^at  geftern  fel^r  ftarf  geregnet.  It  rained  very  hard  yester- 
day. 

e.  3^i9^n  ®ie  metnem  greunb  bie  ^l^otograp^ic.  Show  the 
photograph  to  my  friend. 

/.  (Sr  ^at  i^n  geftern,  niti)t  ^eute  gefe^en.  He  saw  him  yester- 
day, not  to-day.  (Sr  l^at  i^n  ^eute  nid^t  gefe^en.  He  has  not  seen 
him  to-day. 

gr.  2)a«  ifl  meinem  greuitb  unbegretfltd^.  That  is  incompre- 
hensible to  my  friend. 


138  SUMMARY  OF  GERMAN  GRAMMAR. 

35.    CASES. 

a.  The  Nominative  is  used  as  in  English,  as 
subject  of  a  finite  verb,  in  the  predicate,  and  as 
the  case  of  address. 

b.  The  Genitive  is  used  : 

1.  For  the  English  possessive. 

2.  As  a  genitive  of  cause,  relation,  material,  and 
characteristic. 

3.  As  subjective  or  objective  genitive. 

4.  As  a  partitive  genitive. 

5.  As  an  adverbial  genitive. 

6.  With  prepositions. 

7.  With   adjectives  (mostly  followed  in  English 

8.  With  transitive  verbs  and  the  accusative,  with 
reflexives,  and  with  a  few  impersonal  verbs  and  the 
accusative. 

9.  With  certain  verbs  as  if  direct  object. 

c.  The  Dative  is  used  : 

1.  As  a  second  or  indirect  object  with  transitive 
verbs  and  the  accusative. 

2.  With  certain  verbs  as  if  direct  object. 

3.  With  many  compound  verbs  where  in  English 
a  phrase  is  used. 

4.  With  intransitive  and  with  impersonal  verbs. 

5.  As  a  dative  of  separation. 

6.  As  dative  of  interest  or  ethical  dative. 

7.  For  a  possessive. 

8.  With  prepositions. 

9.  With  adjectives  (mostly  followed  in  English 
by  to). 


SUMMARY  OF  GERMAN  GRAMMAR.  139 

d.  The  Accusative  is  used  : 

1.  As  direct  object  of  a  verb. 

2.  With  a  few  adjectives  used  with  fein  or  ttjerben. 

3.  With  prepositions. 

4.  To  express  duration  of  time,  time  of  an  action, 
extent  of  space,  weight,  value,  and  number. 

5.  With  an  adjunct  absolutely,  as  a  kind  of  ad- 
verbial phrase. 

EXAMPLES : 

a.  Sr  ifl  ntcin  grcunb.    He  is  my  friend.    9}icin  grcunb,  Wo 
bifl  bu  ?    My  friend,  where  are  you  ? 
h,  1.  3ci^  \)CLbt  mcincS  3Satcr«  ^uc^.    I  have  my  father's  book. 

2.  @in  SD^ann  grower  Xud^tlgfeit.    A  man  of  great  ability. 

3.  2)ad  ^fcifen  be«  3S^inbe8.    The  whistling  of  the  wind. 

4.  @incr  bcr  $Rdubcr.    One  of  the  robbers. 

5.  @r  ging  tang  en  ©d^ritteS.    He  went  with  long  strides. 

6.  Scgeii  mcincr  ^ranfdeit  ging  '\6)  ntti^t  au8.  On  account 
of  my  illness  I  did  not  go  out. 

7.  @cincr  @d^ntb  bcttjugt.    Conscious  of  his  guilt. 

8.  Sr  bcranbt  mid^  nteineS  @clbe§.  He  robs  me  of  my 
money.  ^6)  crbarmc  m\&j  feincr.  (58  crbormt  tnid^  fciner.  I  pity 
him. 

9.  ^6)  bcbarf  fcincS  33ciftanb3.      I  need  his  assistance. 
c.  1.  Sr  gicbt  mir  cinen  ^rief.    He  gives  me  a  letter. 

2.  gotgen  @ie  mir.    Follow  me.   . 

3.  Sr  !am  mir  cntgegen.    He  came  to  meet  me. 

4.  2)er  @eban!e  fiel  mir  ein.  The  thought  occurred  to  me. 
@§  g  clang  mir."    I  succeeded. 

5.  @r  ift  mir  cnttanfen.  He  has  run  away  from  me.  (gr 
na^m  mir  ba§  @c(b.     Hfe  took  my  money  from  me. 

6.  @el)en  @ic  mir,  ob  er  ba  ift.    See  whether  he  is  there. 

7.  ®ic  fiel  bem  ^ruber  um  ben  §at8.  She  fell  upon  her 
brother's  neck. 

8.  @et)en  @ic  mit  3^rem  greunb.    Go  with  your  friend. 

9.  2)a8  ift  mir  begreiflit^.  That  is  comprehensible  to  me. 
@r  ttJar  bem  SBater  dt)nUc^.  He  resembled  his  father.  S)a«  i|l 
mir  jd^ttjcr.    That  is  difficult  for  me. 


140  SUMMARY  OF  GERMAN  GRAMMAR. 

d.  1„  3dj  fe^e  meinen  gteuub.    I  see  my  friend. 

2.  ^d)  bin  iljn  Io«.    I  am  rid  of  him. 

3,  dv  tljut  e^  fiir  feinen  Jreunb.    He  does  it  for  his  friend. 
4:»  ®te  tDar  ben  ganjen  XaQ  tm  §aufe.    She  was  in  the  house 

the  whole  day  (all  day  long).  iBorige^  3a^r  tvav  id)  in  Berlin. 
Last  year  I  was  in  Berlin.  2)er  3^^1*9  ^^^  ^^'^t  S^B  ^orf).  The 
dwarf  was  three  feet  tall. 

5.  @ine  l^ampe  in  ber  §anb,  trat  er  inS  ^in^nter.  With  a 
lamp  in  his  hand  he  entered  the  room.  3{)m  ben  $Rii(fen  guge* 
tt)enbet,  fa^  fte  in  bie  gerne.  With  her  back  turned  towards  him, 
she  was  looking  into  the  distance. 

36.    REMARKS  ON  TENSES. 
a.  In  vivid  narration  the  present  may  be  used 
for  a  past  tense. 

6.  The  present  is  often  used  for  the  future. 

c.  The  present  is  used  instead  of  the  perfect,  to 
express  what  has  been  and  still  is ;  and  the  im- 
perfect for  the  pluperfect,  to  express  what  had 
been  and  still  was. 

d.  Th«  future  sometimes  denotes  a  supposed 
fact. 

EXAMPLES : 

a.  S)cr  geinb  Wiegt  nnb  Iciuft.    The  enemy  shot  and  ran. 
6.  9Rorgen  get)e  i^  nadj  ber  @tabt.    To-morrow  I  shall  go  to 
the  city. 

c.  3(^  bin  f^on  t)ier  3al^re  in  5tmeri!a.  I  have  been  four  years 
in  America.  3(^  ft)ar  frf)on  eine  @tunbe  gu  §anfe.  I  had  been 
home  an  hour. 

d.  (it  njirb  l^ier  gettjejen  fein.    He  must  have  been  here. 

37.    SUBJUNCTIVE. 
The  Subjunctive  is  used : 

1.  Like  the  English  subjunctive,  in  conditions,  etc. 

2.  As  English  potential. 

3.  To  express  a  wish. 


SUMMARY  OF  GERMAN  GRAMMAR.  141 

4.  To  express  a  command,  and  supplies  the  first 
and  third  persons  of  the  imperative. 

5.  Regularly  in  indirect  discourse. 

a.  To  express  a  condition  contrary  to  reality  in 
present  time,  the  imperfect  subjunctive  is  used ; 
contrary  to  reality  in  past  time,  the  pluperfect 
subjunctive. 

b.  In  indirect  discourse  usually  the  present  sub- 
junctive is  used,  if  that  would  be  the  tense  in  the 
direct. 

EXAiyCPLES: 

2.  3rf)  modjtt  gel^cn.    I  should  like  to  go. 

3.  l^ang  lebe  bcr  ^onig.    Long  live  the  king. 

4.  Tladtft  er,  tt)a6  er  njill.  Let  him  do  what  he  will,  ©e^en  tt)it 
inS  §au§.    Let  us  go  into  the  house. 

a.  SBenn  ic^  @elb  ^citte,  jo  tDiirbe  idj  e«  foufen.  If  I  had  money, 
I  should  buy  it.  SBcnn  id)  ®e(b  ge^abt  pttc,  fo  ^dttc  ic^  c«  gefauft. 
If  I  had  had  money,  I  should  have  bought  it. 

h.  (gr  fagte,  fie  fei  ba.    He  said  she  was  there. 

38.   rwrPINITIVE. 

The  Infinitive  is  used : 

1.  With  or  without  the  article  as  a  neuter  noun. 

2.  With  5u  governed  by  the  prepositions  anftatt,  or 
\iatti  o^ne,  and  urn. 

3.  Without  5U  with  the  modal  auxiliaries,  with 
fii^ten,  l^ei^en,  ^elfen,  ijoxen,  laffen,  lel^ren,  lernen,  fe^en, 
toerben,  and  a  few  other  verbs  ;  with  other  verbs  ju 
is  required. 

4.  With  5U  in  many  other  connections,  with  ad- 
jectives, nouns,  etc. 

a.  The  active  infinitive  is  used  sometimes  where 
the  passive  is  used  in  English. 


142  SUMMARY  OF  GERMAN  GRAMMAR. 

h.  With  other  prepositions  than  anftatt,  or  '{iaH^ 
o()ne,  and  um,  is  used  a  compound  of  ba  and  the 
preposition,  followed  by  the  infinitive  with  5U,  or 
by  a  clause  introduced  by  \)aS^, 

c.  An  infinitive  depending  on  another  infinitive 
comes  before  it. 

EXAMPLES : 

1.  2)a8  9?aud^cu  ift  niir  unangenc^m.  Smoking  is  disagreeable 
to  me. 

2.  !5)ort^in  njotttcn  bic  $lRdbd^en,  um  bic  @omic  in  ba«  9JJecr  fmfcn 
ju  fcl^cn.  Thither  the  girls  wished  to  go,  to  see  the  sun  set  in  the 
sea. 

3.  3c^  ttjitt  ge^cn.  I  wish  to  go.  ^6)  ^alf  tl^r  au«|lcigen.  I 
helped  her  to  alight.     3d)  timufd^e  ju  gcljcn.    I  wish  to  go. 

4.  2)a8  ift  Ieid)t  311  t[)un.    That  is  easy  to  do. 
a.  Sa§  ift  511  t^uu?     What  is  to  be  done? 

h.  (Sr  mar  na^e  baran,  f§  511  tt)un.  He  was  near  doing  it.  @r 
bcftc^t  barauf,  bag  @ic  i^n  beja^tcn.  He  insists  upon  your  paying 
him. 

c.  ^er  ^bnig  ^at  i^n  erfc^icgen  laffcu  tt)oUcn.  The  king  wished 
to  have  him  shot. 

39.    PABTICIPLES. 

a.  Participles  are  usually  inflected  and  con- 
strued as  adjectives. 

h.  Participial  phrases  used  adverbially  in  Eng- 
lish are  nearly  always  expressed  in  German  by 
clauses  introduced  by  al^,  ba,  inbem,  nacE)bem,  toenn, 
etc. 

c.  With  a  verb  of  motion,  to  express  manner, 
or  the  kind  of  motion,  the  past  participle  is  used 
instead  of  the  present. 

d.  The  past  participle  has  sometimes  the  force 
of  an  imperative. 


SUMMARY  OF  GERMAN  GRAMMAR.  143 

EXAMPLES : 

a.  2)ae  Uebenbc  ^inb.  The  loving  child,  ein  gc(icbtc«  ifinb. 
A  beloved  child. 

h.  2)a  id)  \\\n  nid^t  fonb,  ging  \<i)  fort.  Not  finding  him,  I  went 
away.  „  2)aS  ift  c8  eben/'  fcufj^tc  bcr  ^alif,  inbcm  cr  traurig  bic 
glugct  ^(ingeu  Ue^.  "That  is  just  it,"  sighed  the  caliph,  sadly 
letting  his  wings  droop. 

c.  !Do  fommt  cr  ^crangcfprungcn.  There  he  comes  jumping 
along. 

^-  S^ifc^  gctrunfcn !  Drink  quick !  2lufgc<)a6t !  Pay  atten- 
tion! 

40.     CONSONANTS  IN   GERMAN  AND  IN 
ENGLISH. 

In  general,  according  to  Grimm's  Law  : 

a.  The  Labials  p  and  initial  b  and  f  are  the  same 
in  English  as  in  German  ;  6  not  initial  is  /  or  v 
in  English,  and  f  not  initial  is  p  in  English.  Ex- 
amples :  ^afe,  passy  93aU,  ball,  ^\x^,foot ;  ^alb,  AoZ/, 
iiber,  over,  ticf,  deep, 

h.  The  Lingual  s  in  German,  when  changed  in 
English,  become  b,  th,  t,  d,  f,  t  Examples  :  bid, 
thick,  Sag,  day,  au^,  oi^^. 

c.  The  Palatals  cj,  t),  f,  are  the  same  in  English 
as  in  German.  But  g  is  sometimes  lost  (^iigel, 
hill),  or  becomes  y  (2;ag,  day),  or  is  otherwise 
changed  (fotgcn,  follow);  \)  often  disappears  (So^n, 
8on);  I  is  often  ch  (Sinn,  chin\  and  d),  gh,  h  ^^c. 
(^od^,  AigrA,  ma^en,  make). 


INDEX  TO  SUMMARY  OF  GRAMMAR. 


'  THE  BEFEBENCES  ABE  TO  ABTICLES. 


Accent,  5. 
Accusative,  85,  d, 

Wi*h  Prepositions,  82,  e.,/. 
Adjectives,  14, 

Declension,  14,  I.  IL 

Comparison,  15. 
Alphabet,  1. 
Arrangement  of  Sentence,  88, 

84. 
Articles : 

Definite,  6,  h. 

Indefinite,  6,  d. 
Auxiliary  Verbs,  28,  a. 

Modal,  81. 
Cardinal  Numerals,  21,  a. 
Cases,  85. 

Classes  of  Noun  Declension,  7, 
o.,  6.,  c,  d. 

First,  7,  6.,  8. 

Second,  7,  c,  9« 

Third,  7,  d,  10. 
Comparison  of  Adjectives,  15, 
Compound  Forms  of  the  Verb, 

28. 
Compound  Verbs,  27. 

Separable,  27,  a.,  b.,  28. 

Inseparable,  27,  a.,  &.,  28,  a., 
29. 

Separable  or  Inseparable,  80. 
Compound  Words : 


Accent,  5^  h. 

Gender,  12,  a. 

Declension  of    Compounds, 
11,  a. 
Conditional  Sentences,  88,  /. 
Conjugation : 

Regular  Verb,  24,  h. 

Irregular  Verb,  24,  c,  26, 

Active  Voice,  25. 

Passive  Voice,  25. 

Separable  Verb,  28. 

Inseparable  Verb,  29. 
Consonants,      Correspondence 

of,  40. 
Dative  with  Prepositions,  82, 

c,  /. 

In  other  Constructions,  85,  c. 
Declension : 

Articles,  6,  &.»  d. 

Nouns,  7,  8,  9,  10,  11. 

Adjectives,  14. 

Pronouns,  16, 17, 18, 19, 20. 

Ordinals,  21,  e. 
Demonstrative  Pronouns,  18. 
Dependent  Clauses,   Order  of, 

88,  a.,/. 
Diphthongs,  8. 
2)urfen,  81,  b. 
a^,  16,  d.,  c. 
Feminine  Nouns,  18, 


146 


INDEX  TO  SUMMARY  OF  GRAMMAR. 


Foreign  Nouns : 

Declension,  11,  5. 

Gender,  12,  h. 
Gender : 

Masculine,  12. 

Feminine,  12. 

Neuter,  12. 
Genitive,  35,  h. 

With  Prepositions,  82,  a.,  h. 
Grimm's  Law,  40. 
§aben,  22,  b. 
Imperfect  Tense  for  Pluperfect, 

36,  c. 
Indefinite  Article,  6,  d. 
Indirect  Discourse,  Subjunctive 

of,  37,  5. 
Infinitive,  38. 
Inseparable  Compound  Verbs, 

27,  a.,  28,  a.,  29. 
Interrogative  Pronouns,  19. 
Inverted  Order,  33,  a.,  6.,/. 
Irregular  Verbs,  24,  c. ,  26,  a. ,  5. 

Conjugation,  26. 
^onncn,  31,  c 
Masculine  Nouns,  12« 
Measurement,    Accusative   of, 

36,  d,  4. 
Mixed  Verbs,  24,/. 
Modal  Auxiliaries,  31. 
Modified  Vowels,  2. 
WoQtw,  31,  d. 
mm^r  31,  e. 
Neuter  Nouns,  12« 
New    Conjugation,    page    114, 

foot  note. 
Normal  Order,  33,  a.,  6.,/. 
Nouns : 

First  Declension,  7,    a.,  8, 
9,  10. 

Second  Declension,  7,  a.,  11. 

Foreign  Nouns,  11,  6,,  12,  b. 


Proper  Names,  13, 

Compound  Nouns,    11,   a., 
12,  a. 
Numerals ; 

Cardinals,  21,    a. 

Ordinals,  21,  e. 
Old  Conjugation,  page  114,  foot 

rvote. 
Order  of  Sentence    regarding 

Verb,  33. 
Order  of  other  Words,  34« 
Ordinal  Numerals,  21,  c. 
Participles,  39. 

Past  for  Present,  39,  c. 

Past  for  Imperative,  39,  d. 
Passive  Verb,  Conjugation  of, 

25. 
Personal  Pronouns,  16, 
Possessives,  17. 
Prefixes,  Separable,  5,  5. 

Inseparable,  5,  c. 
Prepositions : 

With  Genitive,  32,  a. 

With  Dative,  32,  c. 

With  Accusative,  32,  e. 

With  Dative  or  Accusative, 
32,/. 

With  Infinitive,  38,  2.,  4.,  6. 
Present  Tense  for  Past,  36,  a. 

For  Future,  36,  6. 
Principal  Parts  of  a  Verb,  22,  a. 
Pronouns,  Personal,  16. 

Possessives,  17. 

Demonstratives,  18. 

Interrogatives,  19. 

Relatives,  20. 
Pronunciation,  1, 
Proper  Nouns,  Declension  of, 

13. 
Regular  Verbs,  24* 

Conjugation,  25* 


INDEX  TO  SUMMARY  OF  GRAMMAR. 


147 


Belative  Pronouns,  20, 

6ein,  22,  d. 

Separable    Compound    Verbs, 
27,  a.,  6. 
Conjugation  of,  28. 

©ottcn,  81,/. 

Strong  Conjugation,  page  114, 
foot  note. 

Subjunctive  Mode,  87. 

Subordinating  Conjunctions, 
Order  when  Clause  is  In- 
troduced by,  88,  /. 

Superlative  Degree,  15,  a. 
Phrases,  15>  &.,  c. 

Tenses,  Remarks  on,  86* 


Time,  Accusative  of,  85,  d.,  4. 

Genitive  of,  85,  &.,  5. 
Transposed  Order,  38,  a. ,  /. 
Verbs,  Conjugation  of. 

Compounded  Separably,  28. 

Compounded      Inseparably, 
29. 

Separable  or  Inseparable,  80. 

Regular,  25. 

Irregular,  26.  ' 

2Sa«,  19,  a.,  b. 
2Ba8  fur,  19,  d. 
Weak  Conjugation,  page  114, 

foot  note. 
SScrbcn,  22,  e, 
©oUcn,  81,  g. 


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